發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 21:50

【摘要】：電力能源在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中占據(jù)著極其重要的地位,而核電作為新型電能在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中扮演的角色越來(lái)越重要。核電冷卻管道作為核電建設(shè)中的重要部件,具有形狀復(fù)雜、生產(chǎn)工序多、產(chǎn)周期長(zhǎng)、原料成本高和生產(chǎn)能耗多等特點(diǎn)。鞍鋼鍛造廠目前核電冷卻管道生產(chǎn)中的測(cè)量手段多為人工測(cè)量,人工測(cè)量高溫鋼錠尺寸的準(zhǔn)確度不高,導(dǎo)致核電冷卻管道原料的使用率降低,廢品率提高;同時(shí),人工反復(fù)測(cè)量費(fèi)時(shí)多,會(huì)導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)時(shí)錯(cuò)過(guò)核電鋼錠的最佳鍛造溫度,鍛造溫度范圍變窄,生產(chǎn)周期加長(zhǎng),造成煤氣、電和水資源的浪費(fèi),增加單位核電產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用。需要提高核電鋼錠的測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確性,減少甚至避免由于重復(fù)測(cè)量錯(cuò)過(guò)的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。因此,本文采用激光發(fā)射裝置對(duì)生產(chǎn)中的熱態(tài)鋼錠在每道工序前及工序后的長(zhǎng)度、截面半徑尺寸和分段點(diǎn)定位的信息進(jìn)行無(wú)接觸的測(cè)量可以有效消除人工測(cè)量的缺點(diǎn),達(dá)到保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,提高生產(chǎn)效率的目的。本文采用直角坐標(biāo)運(yùn)動(dòng)執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu),通過(guò)激光線投射到需要測(cè)量的熱態(tài)核電鋼錠被測(cè)段兩端,將對(duì)核電鋼錠長(zhǎng)度及定位點(diǎn)的測(cè)量轉(zhuǎn)化為兩激光線移動(dòng)距離;通過(guò)旋轉(zhuǎn)的激光測(cè)距儀,將核電冷卻管道截面直徑信息轉(zhuǎn)化為被測(cè)鋼錠截面邊緣幾何函數(shù)問(wèn)題,將測(cè)量得到的邊緣點(diǎn)在截面所在平面中相對(duì)于激光測(cè)距儀的二維距離信息。再根據(jù)各測(cè)量點(diǎn)的分布趨勢(shì),采用最小二乘法擬合出截面幾何形狀函數(shù),進(jìn)而可以得到被測(cè)部位的半徑。通過(guò)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中采用激光發(fā)射裝置對(duì)熱態(tài)核電鋼錠的長(zhǎng)度、半徑、定位點(diǎn)的確定,提高了核電冷卻管道生產(chǎn)的成品率,縮短核電冷卻管道的生產(chǎn)周期,同時(shí)降低核定管道的單位產(chǎn)品的成本。通過(guò)激光測(cè)量裝置掌握鋼錠的外形幾何尺寸可以確定生產(chǎn)工序是否可以順利進(jìn)行,同時(shí)可以縮短核電冷卻管道的生產(chǎn)周期,提高產(chǎn)品的成品率,降低原材料、水、電、煤氣以及勞動(dòng)力等資源的浪費(fèi)。
[Abstract]:Power energy plays an extremely important role in the development of national economy, and nuclear power plays a more and more important role in economic development as a new type of electric energy. As an important part of nuclear power construction, the cooling pipeline of nuclear power has the characteristics of complex shape, many production processes, long production cycle, high raw material cost and high production energy consumption. At present, most of the measurement methods in the production of nuclear cooling pipeline in Angang forging Plant are manual measurement. The accuracy of manual measurement of the size of high temperature ingot is not high, which leads to the reduction of the utilization rate of raw materials for cooling pipeline of nuclear power plant, and the increase of waste rate, at the same time, The repeated measurement will lead to missed the best forging temperature of nuclear ingots, narrow the range of forging temperature, prolong the production cycle, cause waste of gas, electricity and water resources, and increase the production cost of unit nuclear power products. It is necessary to improve the measuring accuracy of nuclear ingots and to reduce or even avoid the missed optimal time due to repeated measurements. Therefore, in this paper, the laser emitter is used to measure the length, section radius and location information of hot ingots before and after each working procedure, which can effectively eliminate the shortcoming of manual measurement. Achieve the purpose of ensuring product quality and improving production efficiency. In this paper, the rectangular coordinate actuator is used to project the laser line to the two ends of the hot nuclear ingot to be measured. The measurement of the length and the position point of the nuclear ingot is transformed into the distance between the two laser lines. By rotating laser rangefinder, the section diameter information of nuclear cooling pipeline is transformed into the geometry function of the measured ingot section edge, and the 2-D distance information of the measured edge point in the plane of the section is compared with that of the laser rangefinder. According to the distribution trend of each measuring point, the section geometric shape function is fitted by least square method, and the radius of the measured position can be obtained. By using laser emitter to determine the length, radius and location point of hot nuclear power ingot, the finished product rate of nuclear power cooling pipeline is improved, and the production cycle of nuclear power cooling pipe is shortened. At the same time reduce the unit product cost of approved pipeline. By using laser measuring device to master the shape and size of steel ingot, we can determine whether the production process can be carried out smoothly, at the same time, we can shorten the production cycle of nuclear power cooling pipeline, improve the product yield, reduce raw material, water and electricity. Waste of resources such as gas and labor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH744.5

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