集成GPS數(shù)據(jù)的公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性度量及應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-20 11:01
【摘要】：公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性反映了個(gè)體在公交系統(tǒng)中將時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)化為空間的能力,能夠評(píng)價(jià)個(gè)體在公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的時(shí)空約束。度量公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性能夠用于評(píng)價(jià)公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的服務(wù)水平和指導(dǎo)乘客的出行規(guī)劃,對(duì)輔助公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃以及公交運(yùn)營(yíng)調(diào)度具有重要意義。已有的度量個(gè)體時(shí)空可達(dá)性的方法都是基于一般性路網(wǎng)進(jìn)行的研究,由于忽視了公交系統(tǒng)的特征,如公交站間行程時(shí)間的時(shí)變性,公交出行者可容忍的換乘次數(shù)以及步行時(shí)間等,因此,并不適用于公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性的度量。本文針對(duì)公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性的度量方法進(jìn)行研究。首先,受道路交通狀況的影響,公交站間行程時(shí)間是隨時(shí)間變化的,公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有時(shí)變特征。為了建立動(dòng)態(tài)的公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,本文根據(jù)公交車(chē)載GPS數(shù)據(jù)提取公交站間行程時(shí)間,并將其作為公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)中弧段的權(quán)重,為公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立時(shí)變加權(quán)有向圖。其次,考慮到已有的度量時(shí)空可達(dá)性的算法在度量公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性上的局限性,本文基于公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的時(shí)變加權(quán)有向圖模型,將考慮換乘約束的站間最短行程時(shí)間算法以及公交出行者的步行時(shí)間集成到經(jīng)典的潛在路徑區(qū)域算法中以對(duì)公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性進(jìn)行度量。再次,以本文提出的方法作為理論支撐,在GIS平臺(tái)下建立一個(gè)基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性度量原型系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)不僅能夠?yàn)楣怀鲂姓咛峁┕徽军c(diǎn)、線路等信息的查詢(xún),還能夠以清晰、直觀的方式展示其在公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中所受到的時(shí)空約束。最后,將本文提出的方法應(yīng)用于哈爾濱市的公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)。研究結(jié)果表明該方法能夠有效地度量以發(fā)車(chē)頻率運(yùn)營(yíng)的公交系統(tǒng)的時(shí)空可達(dá)性,并且也適用于以時(shí)刻表運(yùn)營(yíng)的公交系統(tǒng),特別是對(duì)于那些由于交通擁堵導(dǎo)致延誤頻繁發(fā)生的公交系統(tǒng);此外,該方法度量的公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性更符合實(shí)際,能夠揭示公交時(shí)空可達(dá)性在一天中不同出發(fā)時(shí)間、不同出行日期以及不同季節(jié)下的時(shí)間維度上的變化。
[Abstract]:The space-time reachability of public transport reflects the ability of individual to transform time into space in public transportation system, and can evaluate the spatio-temporal constraints of individual in transit network. The measurement of space-time reachability of public transport can be used to evaluate the service level of public transport network and guide passengers' travel planning. It is of great significance to auxiliary bus network planning and bus operation scheduling. The existing methods to measure the spatial and temporal accessibility of individuals are based on the research of general road network, because of ignoring the characteristics of public transport system, such as the time-varying of travel time between bus stations. Bus travelers can tolerate the number of times of transfer and walking time and so on, so it is not suitable for the measurement of space-time reachability of public transport. In this paper, the measurement method of public transport's time-space reachability is studied. Firstly, due to the influence of road traffic conditions, the travel time between bus stations varies with time, and the bus network has time-varying characteristics. In order to establish a dynamic bus network model, this paper extracts the travel time between bus stations according to the bus GPS data, and takes it as the weight of the arc segment in the topological structure of the public transport network, and establishes time-varying weighted digraph for the bus network. Secondly, considering the limitations of the existing algorithms to measure the space-time reachability of public transport, this paper based on the time-varying weighted directed graph model of public transport network. The shortest travel time algorithm considering transfer constraints and the walking time of public transport travelers are integrated into the classical potential path region algorithm to measure the space-time reachability of public transport. Thirdly, taking the method proposed in this paper as the theoretical support, a web-based prototype system of space-time reachability measurement of public transport based on GIS platform is established. The system can not only provide public transport passengers with information query, such as bus stops, routes, etc. It can also show the temporal and spatial constraints in the public transport network in a clear and intuitive way. Finally, the method proposed in this paper is applied to the public transport network of Harbin. The results show that this method can effectively measure the space-time reachability of the bus system operating at the departure frequency, and it is also applicable to the bus system operating on the timetable. Especially for those bus systems where delays occur frequently due to traffic congestion; In addition, the spatio-temporal reachability of public transport measured by this method is more realistic, and it can reveal the change of space-time reachability of public transport in different departure time, different travel date and time dimension under different seasons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.17
本文編號(hào)：2344725
[Abstract]:The space-time reachability of public transport reflects the ability of individual to transform time into space in public transportation system, and can evaluate the spatio-temporal constraints of individual in transit network. The measurement of space-time reachability of public transport can be used to evaluate the service level of public transport network and guide passengers' travel planning. It is of great significance to auxiliary bus network planning and bus operation scheduling. The existing methods to measure the spatial and temporal accessibility of individuals are based on the research of general road network, because of ignoring the characteristics of public transport system, such as the time-varying of travel time between bus stations. Bus travelers can tolerate the number of times of transfer and walking time and so on, so it is not suitable for the measurement of space-time reachability of public transport. In this paper, the measurement method of public transport's time-space reachability is studied. Firstly, due to the influence of road traffic conditions, the travel time between bus stations varies with time, and the bus network has time-varying characteristics. In order to establish a dynamic bus network model, this paper extracts the travel time between bus stations according to the bus GPS data, and takes it as the weight of the arc segment in the topological structure of the public transport network, and establishes time-varying weighted digraph for the bus network. Secondly, considering the limitations of the existing algorithms to measure the space-time reachability of public transport, this paper based on the time-varying weighted directed graph model of public transport network. The shortest travel time algorithm considering transfer constraints and the walking time of public transport travelers are integrated into the classical potential path region algorithm to measure the space-time reachability of public transport. Thirdly, taking the method proposed in this paper as the theoretical support, a web-based prototype system of space-time reachability measurement of public transport based on GIS platform is established. The system can not only provide public transport passengers with information query, such as bus stops, routes, etc. It can also show the temporal and spatial constraints in the public transport network in a clear and intuitive way. Finally, the method proposed in this paper is applied to the public transport network of Harbin. The results show that this method can effectively measure the space-time reachability of the bus system operating at the departure frequency, and it is also applicable to the bus system operating on the timetable. Especially for those bus systems where delays occur frequently due to traffic congestion; In addition, the spatio-temporal reachability of public transport measured by this method is more realistic, and it can reveal the change of space-time reachability of public transport in different departure time, different travel date and time dimension under different seasons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.17
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，本文編號(hào)：2344725
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