本文選題：離子液體 + 碳納米管��； 參考：《北京化工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：離子液體(ionic liquids,簡稱ILs)是指一類全部由離子組成的液體具有不揮發(fā)、可設計性強、電化學窗口寬、導電性好等優(yōu)點,在很多反應中可作為溶劑、催化劑以及界面增容劑,有其廣泛的應用。本文分為兩個體系。第一個體系使用咪唑類ILs對碳納米管(CNTs)進行共價改性,而后與聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)進行共混制得復合材料,考察了ILs改性CNTs對聚合物性能的影響,以及ILs對于CNTs與PVDF相容性的研究。第二個體系使用咪唑類ILs改性微晶纖維素(MC)后與聚乳酸(PLA)共混制備復合材料,考察了ILs對PLA的增韌效果,以及纖維素晶與PLA的相容情況。在第一體系中,首先用兩種方法合成了ILs改性CNTs:一種是直接采用1-氨丙基一3一甲基咪唑氯鹽與CNTs-COOH進行縮合反應；另一種是先將咪唑環(huán)接枝在CNTs上,再使用季銨鹽反應制得ILs改性CNTs。最終通過FTIR, TGA, Raman證明了反應的成功進行。其次,使用不同含量的ILs改性CNTs與PVDF共混,制備了系列復合材料。研究了改性CNTs在PVDF中的分散性及對復合材料性能的影響。結果表明,加入了改性CNTs的復合材料介電常數與介電損耗都隨CNTs添加量的增加而升高,介電常數最高能達到120。加入了CNTS-C及CNTS-E的復合材料PVDF的晶型也由α晶向β晶轉變,材料的斷裂伸長率隨CNTs的加入而降低。加入改性CNTs的復合材料較純PVDF熔點與結晶度均呈下降的趨勢。通過掃描電鏡也能證明ILs對于CNTs在PVDF中的分散有促進作用。在第二體系中,將不同量MC與一定量1-甲基-3-烯丙基咪唑氯鹽混合進行研磨處理,充分研磨后,制得了PLA基復合材料。同時制備了纖維素與PLA, ILs與PLA兩個二元體系作為對比。研究了ILs對于PLA的增塑效果以及對MC與PLA的增容作用。結果表明ILs的加入對PLA的增塑效果明顯,而且能改善MC在PLA中的分散性。同時復合材料的熔點以及玻璃化轉變溫度(Tg)較純PLA都降低了。
[Abstract]:Ionic liquid (ils) is a kind of liquid composed of ions, which has the advantages of nonvolatile, high designability, wide electrochemical window and good conductivity. It can be used as solvent, catalyst and interfacial compatibilizer in many reactions. It has a wide range of applications. This paper is divided into two systems. In the first system, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were covalently modified by imidazole ILs and then blended with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to prepare composites. The effects of ILs modified CNTs on polymer properties and the compatibility between CNTs and PVDF were investigated. In the second system, the composites were prepared by imidazole modified microcrystalline cellulose (MC) and polylactic acid (PLA). The toughening effect of ILs on PLA and the compatibility of cellulose crystals with PLA were investigated. In the first system, ILs modified CNTswere synthesized by two methods: one was the condensation reaction of 1-aminopropyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride salt with CNTs-COOH, the other was that imidazole ring was grafted onto CNTs. The modified CNTs were prepared by quaternary ammonium salt reaction. Finally, the successful reaction was proved by FTIR, TGA and Raman. Secondly, a series of composites were prepared by blending different contents of ILS modified CNTs with PVDF. The dispersion of modified CNTs in PVDF and its effect on the properties of composites were studied. The results show that the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composites with modified CNTs increase with the addition of CNTs, and the highest dielectric constant can reach 120. The crystalline form of PVDF with CNTS-C and CNTS-E was also changed from 偽 to 尾, and the elongation at break decreased with the addition of CNTs. The melting point and crystallinity of the composites with modified CNTs decreased compared with pure PVDF. It was also proved by SEM that ILS could promote the dispersion of CNTs in PVDF. In the second system, the PLA matrix composites were prepared by grinding different amounts of MC with a certain amount of 1-methyl-3-allyl imidazole chloride salt. Two binary systems, cellulose and PLA, ils and PLA, were prepared for comparison. The plasticizing effect of ILS on PLA and the compatibilization of MC and PLA were studied. The results show that the addition of ILs has obvious plasticizing effect on PLA and can improve the dispersion of MC in PLA. At the same time, the melting point and glass transition temperature (TG) of the composites are lower than that of pure PLA.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 張文鋒;曾葆青;趙艷珩;趙約瑟;楊中海;;碳納米管/聚四氟乙烯復合材料場發(fā)射特性研究[J];功能材料;2006年07期

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本文編號：2071865