發(fā)布時間：2018-03-06 05:02

  本文選題：農(nóng)村居民點　切入點：土地集約利用　出處：《河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：2012年我國的城鎮(zhèn)化率較1990年的26.41%實現(xiàn)了大幅度的增長達到了52.57%,我國的城市化進入了加速發(fā)展的時期。這就意味著將有很大一部分農(nóng)村居民由農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)入到城市。為了解決這部分農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)、生活需要,城市各行各業(yè)及住房用地需求日益增強。而我國的國情是人多地少,土地后備資源不足,在城鎮(zhèn)建設用地本來就很有限的情況下,侵占耕地成了城市擴張不可阻止的趨勢。于此同時,早期農(nóng)村由于缺乏合理規(guī)劃,居民點布局混亂,占地面積日趨擴大,土地浪費嚴重,也出現(xiàn)了侵占耕地的情形。城市用地擴張和農(nóng)村用地浪費的直接后果便是耕地被大量侵占,糧食安全受到威脅,人地矛盾激化。因此,通過開展本文研究,找到提高農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用水平的措施,對于緩解耕地保護壓力,滿足城鄉(xiāng)建設對于土地的需求,推動城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展,繁榮城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟等方面意義重大。本文通過查閱保定市2013年的經(jīng)濟統(tǒng)計年鑒和2012年的土地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),收集整理了25個縣(市、區(qū))研究所需的數(shù)據(jù)。在對可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、區(qū)位理論、資源稀缺理論、土地報酬遞減理論深入了解后,運用系統(tǒng)分析法、熵值法、定性與定量相結(jié)合的方法,以保定市25個縣(市、區(qū))為對象進行實證研究。主要研究內(nèi)容包括以下幾個方面:(1)基于IOS模型,從土地利用程度、土地投入強度、土地產(chǎn)出效率、土地利用持續(xù)性四個層面,結(jié)合研究區(qū)域的具體情況,確定評價指標,構(gòu)建了本文的集約利用評價指標體系。(2)分析了保定市農(nóng)村居民點用地規(guī)模和空間分布的現(xiàn)狀。研究了保定市農(nóng)村居民點用地的時間變化。(3)對保定市2000-2012年間農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用水平進行時間層面綜合評價。2012年25個縣(市、區(qū))的農(nóng)村居民點用地進行空間層面的總體評價。(4)提高農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用水平的措施。研究結(jié)論如下:(1)總體評價方面:○1保定市農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用綜合分值雖有過下降,但整體呈上升的趨勢。2000年到2012年13年間綜合分值僅增長了0.1738,其中2005、2009年出現(xiàn)了較大幅度增長,增長率分別為5.23%、2.87%。農(nóng)村居民點用地集約分值年均增長率為1.63%,可見保定市農(nóng)村居民點集約化利用進程緩慢,集約化水平有待進一步提高�！�2各準則層指標數(shù)據(jù)也存在不同程度的變化。利用程度的數(shù)值一直處于穩(wěn)定增長的態(tài)勢,究其原因主要是新農(nóng)村建設的蓬勃發(fā)展和土地整治規(guī)劃的嚴格落實,引導了農(nóng)民集中居住,完善了農(nóng)村基礎設施,使得單位面積家庭戶數(shù)、人均農(nóng)村道路面積增多。投入強度的數(shù)值呈逐步增長的趨勢,其原因在于隨著科技以及人的文化水平的不斷提高,投入到農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的資金、技術(shù)等都不斷增大。產(chǎn)出效率的數(shù)值以每年近2%的比例增長,說明農(nóng)村居民點用地的產(chǎn)出效益逐漸增加。持續(xù)狀況的數(shù)值的走勢是平穩(wěn)到下跌再到稍有回升,可以看到在2002年持續(xù)狀況集約度值開始小幅下滑,降到0.4529,到2009年又開始回升并逐年增長,說明農(nóng)村居民點用地的開發(fā)潛力很大。(2)綜合評價方面:○1保定市各縣(市、區(qū))農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用綜合分值偏低,其平均值僅為0.98,處于土地一般不集約利用的范疇�？梢�,保定市25個縣(市、區(qū))的農(nóng)村居民點用地集約化利用程度較低,有待進一步提高,開發(fā)整理空間較大。○2保定市各縣(市、區(qū))農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用水平存在著顯著區(qū)域差異,綜合分值最高的涿州市與最低的淶水縣相差0.55。這不僅是由于山區(qū)縣與平原縣的地形差異使得其綜合分值相差懸殊,也與各縣(市、區(qū))經(jīng)濟、科技等社會因素的發(fā)展水平及政府重視程度有著密切的聯(lián)系。創(chuàng)新點:(1)在研究視角方面,目前農(nóng)村居民點的研究大都側(cè)重用地現(xiàn)狀的分析,利用過程中存在問題的總結(jié),整理潛力的測算,整理模式的設計等單一方面,缺乏系統(tǒng)性。本文基于IOS模型,首次將可持續(xù)發(fā)展的理念融入到農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用評價指標體系當中,評價更加全面,分析更加透測,結(jié)果更加完善。(2)在研究方法方面,更加注重科學性。率先將熵值法運用到農(nóng)村居民點用地集約利用評價研究中,用以確定指標權(quán)重。通過這種客觀賦權(quán)法確定的指標權(quán)重更科學,評價結(jié)果更合理,真實。
[Abstract]:In 2012, China's urbanization rate is 26.41% in 1990 to achieve substantial growth reached 52.57%, the city of our country has entered a period of accelerated development. This means that there will be a large part of rural residents from the countryside into the city. In order to solve this part of farmers' production and living needs, City and all walks of life housing demand for land is increasing. And the situation of our country are more people and less land, land reserve resources, in the urban construction land is limited, occupation of arable land into the city expansion can not stop the trend. At the same time, early in rural areas because of the lack of rational planning, residential layout confusion it covers an area of, expand gradually, serious waste of land, also appeared in the occupation of farmland situation. The direct consequence of city land expansion and rural land is wasting a lot of arable land is occupied, the food safety is threatened, the contradiction between people and land. . therefore, through the research of this paper, to improve the level of measures to find the intensive use of rural settlements, to ease the pressure on cultivated land protection, to meet the demand of land for urban and rural construction, promote the development of urbanization, urban and rural economic prosperity and other aspects of great significance. The land survey data through economic and statistical yearbook of 2012 at Baoding in 2013, were collected in 25 counties (cities, districts) of the required data. In theory, the sustainable development of the location theory, resource scarcity theory, in-depth understanding of the theory of diminishing returns of land, using the system analysis method, entropy method, combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the 25 County of Baoding city (city, district) as the object for empirical research. The main research contents include the following aspects: (1) based on the IOS model, from the degree of land use, the land investment intensity, land efficiency, land use sustainability four layer The surface, combined with the specific conditions of the study area, determine the evaluation index, the paper constructs the evaluation index system of intensive utilization. (2) analysis of the rural residents in Baoding city with the current size and spatial distribution. To study the changes in land use time of rural residents in Baoding city. (3) of rural residents in 2000-2012 years Baoding city land intensive utilization level comprehensive evaluation time level.2012 in 25 counties (cities, districts) of rural residential land use overall evaluation of spatial level. (4) to improve the level of intensive use of rural residential measures. The research results are as follows: (1) the overall evaluation of rural areas: 1 residents, Baoding city land intensive use of the comprehensive scores had decreased, but the overall upward trend of.2000 in the 13 years to 2012 the comprehensive scores increased by only 0.1738, of which 20052009 years there has been a substantial growth, the growth rate was 5.23%, 2.87%. Rural residential land value of the average annual growth rate of 1.63%, the Baoding rural residential land intensive use process is slow, the intensive level needs to be further improved. 2, the criterion layer index data are also different. The degree of value has been in a stable growth trend, the main reason is the strict implementation of the vigorous development and land consolidation planning of new rural construction, guide the centralized residence of farmers, improve the rural infrastructure, the number of households per unit area, per capita rural road area increased. The numerical input intensity showed a gradual increasing trend, the reason is that with the science and technology and continuously improve people's cultural level, put into agricultural production the capital, technology are increasing. The numerical output efficiency increase by nearly 2% a year the proportion of rural residential land output efficiency increased gradually. The numerical condition of the trend is steady and sustained to fall to a slight rebound in 2002, can see the continued status of intensive value began to decline slightly, to 0.4529, to 2009 began to rise and increase year by year, rural residential land development potential is very great. (2) comprehensive evaluation, 1 counties: Baoding city (city, district) of rural residential land intensive use of the comprehensive scores is low, the average is only 0.98, in the category of land use is generally not intensive. Visible, 25 Baoding county (city, district) of rural residential land intensive utilization degree is low, the development needs to be further improved. Consolidation of large space. And 2 Baoding city counties (city, district) of rural settlements there are significant regional differences of land intensive utilization level, the comprehensive scores the highest in Zhuozhou and lowest in Laishui county is 0.55. this is not only because of differences in topography in mountainous county and plain county to The comprehensive score disparity, also with the county (city, district) economic factors, social science and technology development level and the attention of the government. There is a close relationship between innovation points: (1) in the research perspective, current research mostly focus on the rural residential land situation analysis, by summarizing the existing problems in the process of consolidation potential calculation, consolidation pattern design of single, lack of system. Based on the IOS model, for the first time, the concept of sustainable development into the rural residential land intensive utilization evaluation index system, evaluation analysis is more comprehensive, more transparent, more perfect results. (2) in research methods hand, pay more attention to science. First the entropy value method is applied to the evaluation of rural residential land intensive use, to determine the weights of indexes. The index weights the objective weighting method to determine the evaluation results more scientific and more Reasonable, true.

【學位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2

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