【摘要】：伴隨我國(guó)各項(xiàng)產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展,樁基礎(chǔ)得到了廣泛的利用,是一種重要的基礎(chǔ)形式。同時(shí),隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,作為所有國(guó)家中人口最多的中國(guó),人口大量涌進(jìn)城市,城市建設(shè)用地隨著城市人口的集中而日益緊張。為緩解這個(gè)問(wèn)題,其中一種辦法是盡量建造多層甚至高層建筑。而該辦法會(huì)使我們對(duì)地基及基礎(chǔ)有更高的要求,尤其是沿海地區(qū)。由于穩(wěn)定性高、承載能力強(qiáng)、沉降小且均勻,樁基礎(chǔ)成為所有基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的首先形式,但樁基礎(chǔ)存在一個(gè)問(wèn)題,它的造價(jià)相對(duì)較高,能占總價(jià)的1/4甚至還要高。所以使得各個(gè)單位研究如何減小造價(jià),因此樁基的理論、設(shè)計(jì)及施工方法得到了發(fā)展。近些年來(lái)這方面的研究雖取得一些成果,雖然近些年取得了一定的成果,但因?yàn)樵斐勺冃渭笆芰σ蛩剌^多,如樁的類(lèi)別、排列方法、樁的尺寸、樁數(shù)和施工方式等,故很難研究樁的變形狀態(tài)及受力情況。所以若相關(guān)理論不完善則會(huì)使設(shè)計(jì)出的產(chǎn)品不能用于實(shí)際。若選用的淺基礎(chǔ)不滿足強(qiáng)度和變形的要求,我們就可改用樁基礎(chǔ),由承臺(tái)和樁共同組成一個(gè)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)可承受上部結(jié)構(gòu)傳來(lái)的荷載,產(chǎn)生群樁效應(yīng)。樁基工程發(fā)揮了它的巨大作用,得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,各種各樣的樁型都應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,但是,至今未為,大多數(shù)用來(lái)描述樁土相互作用的力學(xué)模型,采用的都是理想的彈塑性模型�；蛘叻侄尉�性化的軟化模型,這些模型難以描述連續(xù)軟化的力學(xué)特征。在這種情況下,新發(fā)明提出了“樁土相互作用機(jī)理及力傳遞分析新方法”,該發(fā)明解決了樁土相互作用軟化特性難以描述的難題,并指出了樁頂P-S關(guān)系曲線與巖土體力學(xué)特性的相互關(guān)系,從力學(xué)原理出發(fā),指明了沿樁身可以劃分為穩(wěn)定區(qū)、欠穩(wěn)定區(qū)、臨界區(qū)和破壞后區(qū)的觀點(diǎn),提出了新發(fā)明模型參數(shù)的決定方法。并且,迄今為止,基樁大多數(shù)是等截面等強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì),沒(méi)有結(jié)合具體地質(zhì)條件進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性基樁設(shè)計(jì),因而造成了巨大浪費(fèi);另外,如何設(shè)計(jì)最為安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)的合理樁型,迄今沒(méi)有具體的相應(yīng)理論支持(簡(jiǎn)稱:基樁設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化原理);新的發(fā)明主要針對(duì)上述兩個(gè)方面提出了基樁設(shè)計(jì)原理、計(jì)算方法和優(yōu)化原理。新發(fā)明提供了樁土作用的本構(gòu)模型,并發(fā)明了該模型的參數(shù)決定法;對(duì)基樁計(jì)算提出了力法和位移法。樁身本構(gòu)模型采用現(xiàn)行線性或彈塑性模型,采用新的發(fā)明提出的模型可以模擬在粘土區(qū)增加樁長(zhǎng)樁頂承載力提高不大,優(yōu)化基樁設(shè)計(jì)、確定樁身斷裂位置等有利于設(shè)計(jì)及施工發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of various industries in China, pile foundation is widely used and is an important foundation form. At the same time, with the development of social economy, as the largest population in all countries, China has a large number of people into the city, urban construction land with the concentration of urban population and increasingly tense. One way to alleviate this problem is to build multi-storey or even high-rise buildings as much as possible. This approach will result in higher demands on foundations and foundations, especially in coastal areas. Because of its high stability, strong bearing capacity, small and uniform settlement, pile foundation becomes the first form of all infrastructure facilities, but the pile foundation has a problem, its cost is relatively high, it can account for a quarter of the total price even higher. So every unit studies how to reduce the cost, so the theory, design and construction methods of pile foundation have been developed. Although some achievements have been made in this field in recent years, although some achievements have been made in recent years, there are many factors that cause deformation and stress, such as the category of piles, the arrangement method, the size of piles, the number of piles and the construction methods, etc. Therefore, it is difficult to study the deformation and stress of the pile. Therefore, if the relevant theory is not perfect, the design of the product can not be used in practice. If the shallow foundation is not satisfied with the requirements of strength and deformation, we can use the pile foundation, which is composed of cap and pile, to form a system, which can bear the load from the superstructure and produce pile group effect. Pile foundation engineering plays an important role and has been widely used. All kinds of pile types have come into being. However, most of the mechanical models used to describe pile-soil interaction are ideal elastoplastic models. Or piecewise linearized softening models, which can hardly describe the mechanical characteristics of continuous softening. In this case, the new invention "pile-soil interaction mechanism and force transfer analysis of a new method", the invention solved the pile-soil interaction softening characteristics difficult to describe the problem. The paper also points out the relationship between the P-S relation curve of the pile top and the physical properties of the rock and soil. Based on the mechanics principle, it points out that the pile body can be divided into the stable region, the understable zone, the critical zone and the post-failure zone. The method of determining the parameters of the new invention model is put forward. Moreover, up to now, the foundation pile is mostly iso-section and equal strength design, and has not combined with the specific geological condition to carry on the pertinence foundation pile design, thus has caused the huge waste; in addition, how to design the most safe, economical reasonable pile type, So far, there is no specific theoretical support (abbreviated as the optimization principle of foundation pile design), and the new invention mainly puts forward the design principle, calculation method and optimization principle of foundation pile in view of the above two aspects. The new invention provides the constitutive model of pile-soil interaction, and invents the parameter determination method of the model, and puts forward the force method and displacement method for pile calculation. The existing linear or elastoplastic model is used in the constitutive model of pile body, and the new model can be used to simulate that the bearing capacity of pile length pile top can be increased little in clay area, and the design of foundation pile can be optimized. Determining the fracture position of pile body is beneficial to the development of design and construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU473.1

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