【摘要】：行政自由裁量權(quán)是行政權(quán)的重要內(nèi)容，合理運(yùn)用行政自由裁量權(quán)對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)行政目標(biāo)、維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序、保護(hù)公共利益和個(gè)人權(quán)益具有重要意義。對(duì)于消防執(zhí)法來(lái)說，行政自由裁量權(quán)的意義同樣重要，不管是在行政許可、行政處罰還是在行政強(qiáng)制中都涉及到了使用行政自由裁量權(quán)的問題，合理的運(yùn)用好行政自由裁量權(quán)能夠彌補(bǔ)法律規(guī)定的不足、有效的發(fā)揮執(zhí)法者的主觀能動(dòng)性，，從而有效的提高行政效率并實(shí)現(xiàn)消防執(zhí)法的目的。但是由于受到外部環(huán)境和制度缺陷等不利因素的影響，再加上行政權(quán)力本身的易受腐蝕性，因此消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)存在著被濫用可能。因此，既要承認(rèn)行政自由裁量權(quán)對(duì)于消防執(zhí)法的重要作用，又要看到一旦行政自由裁量權(quán)被不當(dāng)使用時(shí)可能造成的危害。因此，必須加強(qiáng)制度建設(shè)，強(qiáng)化對(duì)消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)的監(jiān)控，發(fā)揮其積極作用并且有效的限制其危害，從而最終促進(jìn)消防執(zhí)法目的的實(shí)現(xiàn)。 我國(guó)在加強(qiáng)對(duì)消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)監(jiān)控的制度建設(shè)方面也進(jìn)行了許多有益的探索，一方面在消防執(zhí)法部門外部通過完善立法、建立行政監(jiān)察體制以及行政訴訟和行政復(fù)議等救濟(jì)手段對(duì)消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)加以監(jiān)控，另一方面又通過加強(qiáng)執(zhí)法制度建設(shè)、強(qiáng)化內(nèi)部監(jiān)督以及提升執(zhí)法者素質(zhì)等手段從消防執(zhí)法部門內(nèi)部著手對(duì)消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)加以監(jiān)控。雖然這些方法和手段能夠在一定程度上降低消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)被濫用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但是依然存在許多的問題和漏洞，不能全面的對(duì)消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。因此，筆者建議應(yīng)當(dāng)建立系統(tǒng)的消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)監(jiān)控體系，包括立法監(jiān)控、司法監(jiān)控、行政監(jiān)控等多方面，而且我國(guó)的實(shí)際情況從發(fā)，還要重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化行政監(jiān)控制度的建設(shè)。只有這樣，才能全面有效地規(guī)制消防執(zhí)法行政自由裁量權(quán)的運(yùn)作，實(shí)現(xiàn)依法行政。
[Abstract]:Administrative discretion is an important content of administrative power. The rational use of administrative discretion is of great significance to the realization of the administrative target, the maintenance of social order, the protection of public interest and the rights and interests of the individual. It involves the use of administrative discretion, the rational use of administrative discretion can make up for the lack of legal provisions, effectively play the subjective initiative of the law enforcement, thus effectively improve the administrative efficiency and achieve the purpose of fire enforcement. The influence of the element and the easily corrosiveness of the administrative power itself, so the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement is likely to be abused. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the important role of the administrative discretion in the fire law enforcement, and also to see the possible harm of the administrative discretion in the case of improper use of the power. Therefore, it must be coercive. Degree construction, strengthen the control of the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement, play its active role and effectively limit its harm, and ultimately promote the realization of the purpose of the law enforcement.
Our country has also carried out a lot of beneficial exploration in strengthening the system construction of the supervisory control of the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement. On the one hand, the other side, on the other hand, monitors the administrative discretion of the fire fighting law by perfecting the legislation, establishing the administrative supervision system and the administrative litigation and administrative reconsideration. By strengthening the construction of the law enforcement system, strengthening the internal supervision and improving the quality of the law enforcement, it will begin to monitor the discretion of the fire law enforcement administration from the interior of the fire law enforcement department. Although these methods and means can reduce the risk of the abuse of the fire law enforcement administration from the discretion to a certain extent, it still remains. In many problems and loopholes, we can not monitor the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement. Therefore, the author suggests that the system should be set up to monitor the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement system, including legislative monitoring, judicial monitoring, administrative monitoring and so on, and the actual situation in China is from the issue, and the emphasis should be given to strengthening the administrative monitoring. Only in this way can we fully and effectively regulate the operation of the administrative discretion of fire enforcement and realize the administration according to law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.14

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