發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-28 11:18

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 城鎮(zhèn)化 宅基地使用權(quán) 權(quán)益保護(hù) 宅基地固化　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化是一個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)展的必經(jīng)之路。當(dāng)前,我國(guó)正處于城鎮(zhèn)化的快速發(fā)展階段,城鎮(zhèn)化率已超過50%。作為最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家,我國(guó)的城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程具有重要的影響,就如曾獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的約瑟夫·斯蒂格里茲說(shuō)的那樣,21世紀(jì)初中國(guó)的城鎮(zhèn)化和美國(guó)的信息化都是影響世界的兩件大事。隨著城鎮(zhèn)化的不斷推進(jìn),城市范圍正逐步擴(kuò)大,大量的農(nóng)村土地被征收,農(nóng)民的宅基地使用權(quán)也受到嚴(yán)重影響并引發(fā)一系列問題：一方面是城市房?jī)r(jià)不斷上漲,另一方面是城郊小產(chǎn)權(quán)房隱形交易不斷；一方面是提出要實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)一體化發(fā)展,另一方面則是農(nóng)村村莊內(nèi)部破敗不堪,違法亂建房屋隨處可見,而村莊外住宅卻大量無(wú)序存在。此外,由于農(nóng)村宅基地缺乏規(guī)劃,監(jiān)管不力,也加劇了城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中宅基地使用權(quán)多方面問題的多發(fā)。因此,本文試圖對(duì)我國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中的宅基地使用權(quán)進(jìn)行研究,以期對(duì)農(nóng)民宅基地使用權(quán)的保護(hù)有所裨益。 全文共分四個(gè)部分： 第一部分是對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)化和宅基地使用權(quán)的界定。文章首先界定了城鎮(zhèn)化的概念,并分析了我國(guó)的城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程；其次,文章梳理了宅基地使用權(quán)的歷史沿革,并進(jìn)步概括出宅基地使用權(quán)的概念和特征；最后,文章指明城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程對(duì)宅基地使用權(quán)制度有何影響。 第二部分是城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中的宅基地使用權(quán)的現(xiàn)狀及問題,并剖析了問題產(chǎn)生的原因。本部分首先對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中宅基地使用權(quán)存在的多方面的問題進(jìn)行分析,包括“小產(chǎn)權(quán)房”交易屢禁不止、“空心村”涌現(xiàn)、一戶多宅現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重、宅基地的監(jiān)管不力等等,這些問題嚴(yán)重影響了農(nóng)民的權(quán)益,不利于城鎮(zhèn)化的推進(jìn)。其次,本部分還對(duì)問題產(chǎn)生的原因作了多維度的剖析,包括經(jīng)濟(jì)、歷史、立法、執(zhí)法、文化意識(shí)等多方面的原因。 第三部分是城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中宅基地使用權(quán)的完善。文章結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際,就如何在城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中農(nóng)民行使宅基地的權(quán)利給出合理化建議和觀點(diǎn),包括明確宅基地使用權(quán)原始取得制度、改革宅基地使用權(quán)無(wú)償使用制度、設(shè)置宅基地使用權(quán)使用期限制度、建立宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度、健全宅基地使用權(quán)消滅制度、完善宅基地使用權(quán)監(jiān)管制度。 第四部分是城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中宅基地使用權(quán)制度的創(chuàng)新。文章首先分析了廣東順德的宅基地固化,包括宅基地固化的含義及現(xiàn)狀。其次,本部分還剖析了固化中存在的法律問題,包括固化政策設(shè)立的前提不夠科學(xué)和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、農(nóng)民的合法居住權(quán)利難以得到保障、對(duì)原有生活方式和文化觀念產(chǎn)生沖擊。最后,本部分提出了固化的完善對(duì)策,包括嚴(yán)格宅基地申請(qǐng)和分配政策、擴(kuò)大宅基地固化中的公眾參與、尊重鄉(xiāng)土傳統(tǒng)并因地制宜固化、完善宅基地固化的配套制度幾個(gè)方面。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is the only way for the development of a country. At present, China is in the rapid development stage of urbanization, the urbanization rate has exceeded 50. As the largest developing country. The process of urbanization in our country has an important impact, as Joseph Stiglitz, who won the Nobel Prize, said. In 21th century, the urbanization of China and the informatization of the United States are two major events that affect the world. With the continuous development of urbanization, the urban scope is gradually expanding and a large number of rural land is being expropriated. The right to use the homestead of farmers has also been seriously affected and caused a series of problems: on the one hand, the urban housing prices are rising, on the other hand, the small property rights in the suburbs of the invisible transactions; On the one hand, it is proposed to realize the integration of urban and rural development, on the other hand, the rural villages are dilapidated, the illegal construction of houses everywhere, but a large number of out-of-village houses exist disorderly. Because of the lack of rural homestead planning, inadequate supervision, but also exacerbated in the process of urbanization homestead use rights in many aspects of the problem. Therefore, this paper attempts to study the process of China's urbanization of homestead use rights. With a view to the protection of the right to use the homestead of farmers to benefit. The full text is divided into four parts: The first part is the definition of urbanization and the right to use homestead. Firstly, the article defines the concept of urbanization and analyzes the process of urbanization in China. Secondly, the article combs the historical evolution of homestead use right, and summarizes the concept and characteristics of homestead use right. Finally, the article points out how the urbanization process has an impact on the system of homestead use right. The second part is the status quo and problems of homestead use right in the process of urbanization, and analyzes the causes of the problem. Including the "small property right" transactions repeated prohibitions, "hollow village" emerged, a serious phenomenon of multiple homes, house land supervision and so on, these problems seriously affected the rights and interests of farmers. Secondly, this part also makes a multi-dimensional analysis on the causes of the problem, including economy, history, legislation, law enforcement, cultural awareness and many other reasons. The third part is the perfection of the right to use the homestead in the process of urbanization. The article combines with the reality of our country, and gives some reasonable suggestions and viewpoints on how to exercise the right of homestead in the construction of urbanization. It includes defining the original acquisition system of the right to use the homestead, reforming the system of free use of the right to use the homestead, setting up the system of the duration of the use of the right to use the homestead, and establishing the system of circulation of the. Perfect the system of eliminating the right to use the homestead and perfect the supervision system of the right to use the homestead. The 4th part is the innovation of the homestead right system in the process of urbanization. Firstly, the article analyzes the solidification of the homestead in Shunde, Guangdong province, including the meaning and current situation of the homestead solidification. This part also analyzes the legal problems existing in the solidification, including the setting up of the solidification policy is not scientific and rigorous, farmers' legal right of living is difficult to be guaranteed. Impact on the original lifestyle and cultural concepts. Finally, this part proposed the solidification of the perfect countermeasures, including strict homestead application and distribution policy, expand the public participation in the homestead solidification. Respect local tradition and cure measures according to local conditions, perfect the supporting system of homestead solidification in several aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.33

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