本文關(guān)鍵詞：字謎頓悟任務(wù)中限制解除和組塊分解的機(jī)制及其原型啟發(fā)效應(yīng)，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

字謎頓悟任務(wù)中限制解除和組塊分解的機(jī)制及其原型啟發(fā)效應(yīng)

The Mechanism of Constraint Relaxation and Chunk Decomposition and the Related Prototype Elicitation Effect in Logogriph Tasks

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

XING Qiang; ZHANG Zhonglu; SUN Hailong; ZHANG Jinlian; WANG Jing （Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China）

廣州大學(xué)心理學(xué)系,廣州510006

文章摘要：通過(guò)3個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)考察了漢字字謎任務(wù)中的限制解除和組塊分解機(jī)制及其原型啟發(fā)效應(yīng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)1a表明，字謎的常規(guī)型語(yǔ)義比字謎型語(yǔ)義更容易激活，實(shí)驗(yàn)1b采用“學(xué)習(xí)一測(cè)試”范式，結(jié)果表明在學(xué)習(xí)階段啟動(dòng)字謎語(yǔ)義比啟動(dòng)常規(guī)語(yǔ)義更有利于測(cè)試階段的常規(guī)語(yǔ)義限制的解除。因此實(shí)驗(yàn)1表明常規(guī)語(yǔ)義和字謎語(yǔ)義的通達(dá)性差異是限制形成和限制解除的認(rèn)知機(jī)制。實(shí)驗(yàn)2表明，涉及鑲嵌或者筆畫(huà)單元分解的緊組塊比相應(yīng)的松組塊解答率更低，反應(yīng)時(shí)更長(zhǎng)，這表明組塊分解是字謎頓悟的機(jī)制之一。實(shí)驗(yàn)3通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)3a和實(shí)驗(yàn)3b分別揭示了在限制解除和組塊分解上原型啟發(fā)比非原型啟發(fā)以及無(wú)啟發(fā)有更大的促進(jìn)作用。總之，本研究揭示，漢字字謎任務(wù)中存在限制解除和組塊分解機(jī)制并且原型啟發(fā)可以促進(jìn)二者的發(fā)生。

Abstr：The representational-change theory proposes two mechanisms for insight： constraint relaxation and chunk decomposition, which has been supported in many studies using matchstick as test materials. It is however unclear whether these two mechanisms can explain insight in Chinese logogriph tasks and if so, how the two mechanisms are triggered by external hints. In Experiment la and lb, the normal reading meaning and the logogriph meaning of the logogriph were compared when participants were asked to understand the two. Experiment la showed that the normal reading meaning of the logogriph was easier to understand than the logogriph meaning. In Experiment lb, a study - test paradigm was used where the normal reading meaning and the logogriph meaning were both provided. The results showed that the logogriph meaning helped relax the constraint from the normal reading meaning. Together, Experiment 1 demonstrates that semantic discrepancies between the normal reading meaning and the logogriph meaning caused difficulties in constraint relaxation. Experiment 2 examined two types of logogriph chunks. Tight chunks were logogriph chunks with embedded sub-chunks or chunks involving decomposition at the stroke level. Loose chunks were logogriph chunks without any embedded sub-chunks or chunks involving decomposition at the radical level. The results showed that it was more difficult to decompose tight chunks than loose ones as shown in the longer reaction time in the former than the latter. Experiment 3 examined how different types of elicitation affect constraint relaxation and chunk decomposition in the incubation period using a single factor design in 3a （type of elicitation： prototype, non-prototype or no elicitation）

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:constraint relaxation chunk decomposition prototype elicitation Chinese logogriph

課題項(xiàng)目：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金（31070918）和廣州市屬高校人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目00A108）資助.

作者信息：會(huì)員可見(jiàn)

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：字謎頓悟任務(wù)中限制解除和組塊分解的機(jī)制及其原型啟發(fā)效應(yīng)，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。