【摘要】：[目的]研究POSTN對(duì)新生大鼠缺氧缺血(hypoxic-ischemic, HI)后神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞增殖分化的影響,為臨床新生兒腦損傷的治療提供新的思路。 [方法]通過(guò)7日齡新生大鼠左側(cè)頸總動(dòng)脈結(jié)扎離斷后8%氧氣缺氧2h制備動(dòng)物模型,隨機(jī)分為HI組和假手術(shù)組。干預(yù)組進(jìn)行側(cè)腦室注射POSTN蛋白干預(yù)治療,非干預(yù)組注射PBS。采用BrdU標(biāo)記結(jié)合免疫熒光化學(xué)方法觀察各組大鼠不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)腦室下區(qū)(subventricular zone, SVZ)和海馬齒狀回(dentate gyrus,DG)神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞的增殖及其向神經(jīng)元、星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞分化情況。采用Morris水迷宮實(shí)驗(yàn)方法觀察各組大鼠學(xué)習(xí)記憶功能變化。 [結(jié)果]POSTN干預(yù)治療能夠顯著增加SVZ和海馬DG新生細(xì)胞(BrdU+)數(shù)量,其中新生神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞(BrdU+/Nestin+)在術(shù)后7d達(dá)高峰,而新生神經(jīng)元(BrdU+/Map-2+)和星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞(BrdU+/GFAP+)在14d達(dá)高峰,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。Morris水迷宮實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,POSTN干預(yù)治療能夠降低大鼠的逃避潛伏期和游泳距離,增加站臺(tái)穿越次數(shù)和目標(biāo)象限停留時(shí)間比例,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 [結(jié)論]POSTN干預(yù)可促進(jìn)新生大鼠缺氧缺血性腦損傷后的神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞增殖和分化,改善其學(xué)習(xí)記憶功能,有助于腦損傷后的神經(jīng)修復(fù)。 [目的]通過(guò)體外培養(yǎng)獲得的Olig2+-GFP+-OPC移植入新生大鼠缺氧缺血性(hypoxia-ischemia, HI)腦損傷模型,觀察Olig2+-GFP+-OPC定向分化成熟為少突膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的能力和植入細(xì)胞的存活情況,探討外源性植入神經(jīng)前體細(xì)胞OPC治療早產(chǎn)兒腦室周白質(zhì)軟化(periventricular leukomalacia, PVL)的可行性。 [方法]Olig2+-GFP+-mES細(xì)胞通過(guò)擬胚體(embryonic body, EB)介導(dǎo)的神經(jīng)誘導(dǎo)法,即綜合全反式維甲酸(retinoic acid, RA)誘導(dǎo)法和五步法使Olig2+-GFP+-mES定向分化為OPC。采用免疫細(xì)胞化學(xué)染色,利用倒置相差顯微鏡和熒光顯微鏡來(lái)觀察OPC的分化成熟能力。3日齡新生大鼠左側(cè)頸總動(dòng)脈結(jié)扎離斷后37℃條件下6%氧氣缺氧2.5h制備動(dòng)物模型,通過(guò)HE(haematoxylin-eosin)染色方法評(píng)估模型情況。通過(guò)免疫熒光染色方法觀察側(cè)腦室注射植入的Olig2+-GFP+-OPC存活情況。 [結(jié)果]Olig2+-GFP+-mES在胚胎干細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)基中形成EB,在含有RA(0.5μM)和SHH(100ng/ml)神經(jīng)分化培養(yǎng)基中,逐漸發(fā)育為神經(jīng)前體細(xì)胞球。在EB4d開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)Olig2+-GFP+-陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞,在EB12d時(shí)表達(dá)出現(xiàn)高峰。Olig2+-GFP+-陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞具有體外條件下分化為OPC,再定向分化為成熟少突膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞并具備成髓鞘的能力。HI組腦室下區(qū)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞出現(xiàn)變性、壞死,細(xì)胞層次紊亂、排列松散,部分細(xì)胞出現(xiàn)核固縮、核溶解,胞漿深染,結(jié)構(gòu)不清。對(duì)照組則無(wú)明顯病理變化。在側(cè)腦室周邊及附近腦區(qū)有GFP的表達(dá),證實(shí)植入OPC成功,并向周?chē)w移。 [結(jié)論]體外EB介導(dǎo)的神經(jīng)誘導(dǎo)法能夠高效誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生Olig2+-GFP+-OPC,并具有分化為成熟少突膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞且有成髓鞘能力。在HI腦損傷模型中側(cè)腦室植入Olig2+-GFP+-OPC細(xì)胞能夠存活。 [目的]研究缺氧缺血后亞低溫對(duì)新生大鼠海馬部位細(xì)胞的存活及星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞活化增殖的影響,探討亞低溫對(duì)缺氧缺血腦損傷保護(hù)作用的機(jī)制。 [方法]3日齡新生大鼠海馬腦片,培養(yǎng)至第4天進(jìn)行氧糖剝奪(oxygen-glucose deprivation, OGD)制備模型,分為亞低溫組(33℃,24h)和常溫組(37℃)；對(duì)照組不進(jìn)行OGD處理,37℃培養(yǎng)7d。采用碘化丙啶(propidium iodide, PI)和免疫熒光染色觀察海馬腦片的細(xì)胞存活和星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的活化增殖。動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)：7日齡新生大鼠采用左側(cè)頸總動(dòng)脈結(jié)扎離斷并在8%02+92%N2中缺氧2h,制備缺氧缺血模型,分為手術(shù)常溫組(肛溫36-37℃,24h)和手術(shù)亞低溫組(肛溫32-33℃,24h)。假手術(shù)組僅分離左側(cè)頸總動(dòng)脈,不結(jié)扎,也不缺氧,分為假手術(shù)常溫組和假手術(shù)亞低溫組。各組于術(shù)后3d和7d處死取材,采用DAPI (4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)和免疫組織化學(xué)方法檢測(cè)海馬組織細(xì)胞存活和星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的活化增殖。 [結(jié)果]體外和體內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果都表明缺氧缺血后3d新生大鼠海馬組織中存活的細(xì)胞常溫組較亞低溫組少。海馬腦片培養(yǎng)GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP)染色顯示,亞低溫組GFAP陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞數(shù)較常溫組明顯減少,兩組比較具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)海馬組織GFAP染色結(jié)果也顯示,缺氧缺血后3d和7d手術(shù)亞低溫組GFAP陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞較手術(shù)常溫組顯著減少,同一時(shí)間點(diǎn)兩組比較具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 [結(jié)論]亞低溫能減輕新生大鼠缺氧缺血后海馬星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的活化增殖。
[Abstract]:[Objective] To study the effects of POSTN on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells after hypoxic-ischemic (HI) in neonatal rats. [Methods] The animal model was prepared by ligation of the left common carotid artery of 7-day-old neonatal rats and 8% oxygen hypoxia for 2 h. The model was divided into HI group and sham operation. Group. The intervention group was treated by intraventricular injection of POSTN protein, and the non-intervention group was injected with PB. S. The proliferation of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG) neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and the differentiation of the neurons and astrocytes were observed by means of the BrdU label and the immunofluorescence chemical method. The learning and memory function of each group was observed by the Morris water maze test method. [Results] POSTN intervention could significantly increase the number of the newly-born cells (BrdU +) in the SVZ and the hippocampus, in which the new neural stem cells (BrdU +/ Nestin +) reached the peak at 7 d after the operation, while the new neurons (BrdU +/ Map-2 +) and the astrocytes (BrdU +/ GFAP +) peaked at 14 d and the difference was statistically significant. The results of the Morris water maze show that the POSTN intervention can reduce the escape latency and the swimming distance of the rat, increase the number of crossing times of the platform and the proportion of the residence time of the target quadrant, and the difference is statistics. [Conclusion] POSTN intervention can promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats, improve their learning and memory function, and contribute to brain injury Nerve repair.[Objective] To observe the ability and implantation of the Olig2 +-GFP +-OPC (Olig2 +-GFP +-OPC) transplanted into the hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury model of the neonatal rats by in-vitro culture, and observe the ability and the implantation of the oligodendrocytes in the Olig2 +-GFP +-OPC directional differentiation. The survival of the cells was investigated, and the periventricular leukomalacia of the premature infants treated with the exogenous pre-implantation of the neural precursor cells (OPC) was discussed. The feasibility of VL is that the OLlig2 +-GFP +-mES cell is mediated by an embryonic body (EB), i.e., an integrated all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) method and a five-step method to make the Oli2 +-GFP +-mE S-directional differentiation was OPC. The differentiation and maturation of the OPC were observed by using an inverted phase-contrast microscope and a fluorescence microscope. The animal model was prepared by using an inverted phase-contrast microscope and a fluorescence microscope at 37 鈩，

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