【摘要】：目的探討兒童胸腔積液的病因及臨床特征,提高臨床診治水平。方法回顧性分析首都兒科研究所附屬兒童醫(yī)院呼吸內(nèi)科2015年11月至2016年10月177例胸腔積液患兒的臨床資料。結(jié)果 177例胸腔積液患兒中以感染為首位原因。肺炎旁胸腔積液176例(99.44%),其中肺炎支原體感染99例(56.25%);肺炎支原體合并其他病原感染53例(30.11%);細菌感染7例(3.98%);結(jié)核感染2例(1.14%);病毒感染1例(0.57%);細菌合并病毒感染3例(1.71%);細菌合并真菌感染1例(0.57%);肺吸蟲病1例(0.57%);病原不明9例(5.11%);白血病1例(0.56%)。肺炎支原體感染有明顯的年齡特點,6歲以上肺炎支原體感染及肺炎支原體合并其他感染占此年齡組胸腔積液的92.47%,同2~6歲和1~2歲患兒相比,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(均為P0.05)。細菌感染及結(jié)核感染的年齡差別均無統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論小兒胸腔積液的病因仍以感染為主,其中肺炎支原體感染占首位,有明顯年齡特點,而細菌和結(jié)核感染比例明顯下降,無年齡差別。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of children with pleural effusions and to improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods the clinical data of 177 children with pleural effusions from November 2015 to October 2016 in Department of Respiratory Medicine, affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics were analyzed retrospectively. Results infection was the main cause in 177 children with pleural effusions. There were 176 cases (99.44%) with parapneumonic pleural effusions, 99 cases (56.25%) with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, 53 cases (30.11%) with mycoplasma pneumoniae complicated with other pathogenic infections, 7 cases (3.98%) with bacterial infection, and 7 cases (3.98%) with mycoplasma pneumoniae complicated with other pathogenic infections. Tuberculosis infection was found in 2 cases (1.14%), viral infection in 1 case (0.57%), bacteria complicated with viral infection in 3 cases (1.71%), bacteria complicated with fungal infection in 1 case (0.57%), paragliasis in 1 case (0.57%). The pathogen was unknown in 9 cases (5.11%) and leukemia in 1 case (0.56%). Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection had obvious age characteristics. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection over 6 years old and mycoplasma pneumoniae complicated with other infections accounted for 92.47% of the pleural effusions in this age group, which was compared with that of children aged 2 years and 2 years old. The difference was statistically significant (all P 0.05). There was no significant difference in the age of bacterial infection and tuberculosis infection (P 0.05). Conclusion infection is still the main cause of pleural effusions in children, in which Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection accounts for the first place, with obvious age characteristics, while the proportion of bacterial and tuberculosis infection is significantly decreased, and there is no age difference.
【作者單位】： 首都兒科研究所附屬兒童醫(yī)院呼吸內(nèi)科;
【分類號】：R725.6

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