發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-15 13:24

【摘要】：菲利普·羅斯(1933-)是美國(guó)當(dāng)代文壇最杰出的代表作家之一。在四十余年的漫長(zhǎng)文學(xué)創(chuàng)作生涯中,菲利普·羅斯始終保持著驚人的文學(xué)創(chuàng)造力。步入晚年后,他在深刻反思自己文學(xué)創(chuàng)作生涯的同時(shí),重新將目光投到更為廣闊的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),并積極探索更為理性務(wù)實(shí)的創(chuàng)作手法,進(jìn)入了他絢麗多彩的新現(xiàn)實(shí)主義創(chuàng)作階段。本論文選取羅斯的新現(xiàn)實(shí)主義代表作品——《垂死的肉身》和《凡人》——為研究對(duì)象。在細(xì)致的文本解讀的基礎(chǔ)之上,從新現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的視角探討了主人公所面臨的一系列生存困境。新現(xiàn)實(shí)主義既繼承了傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的創(chuàng)作原則,又借鑒了后現(xiàn)代主義的寫(xiě)作技巧,例如黑色幽默,反諷以及倒敘等。這使其能夠更好地反應(yīng)當(dāng)下正在發(fā)生的現(xiàn)實(shí),包括當(dāng)代人所普遍面臨的生存困境問(wèn)題。本文所選取的兩部小說(shuō)的主人公都面對(duì)疾病,死亡和精神空虛等生存困境。一方面,他們面對(duì)著身體機(jī)能的衰退和死亡的威脅;另一方面,他們婚姻的失敗以及對(duì)傳統(tǒng)和宗教的背叛導(dǎo)致了精神上的孤獨(dú)和焦慮。為了擺脫這些困境,主人公做出了自己的選擇,例如通過(guò)對(duì)性的盲目追求來(lái)對(duì)抗死亡,以及通過(guò)背叛和自治來(lái)追求自我并獲得自由。然而,他們的種種努力均已失敗而告終,恐懼和焦慮仍然困擾著他們。雖然文中的主人公都有猶太背景,但是羅斯似乎刻意削弱了他們的猶太身份,而是把他們當(dāng)作普通美國(guó)人來(lái)描寫(xiě)。因此,主人公所面臨的一系列的生存困境也同樣適合于廣大的美國(guó)民眾。從這個(gè)意義上講,該兩部作品都具有一定的普遍意義,表達(dá)了羅斯對(duì)當(dāng)代人生活境況的深刻反思以及終極人文關(guān)懷。
[Abstract]:Philip Ross (1933 -) is one of the most outstanding representative writers in contemporary American literature. In his long literary career of more than 40 years, Philip Ross has always maintained an amazing literary creativity. In his later years, while deeply reflecting on his literary career, he refocused his eyes on the broader social reality, and actively explored more rational and pragmatic creative techniques, and entered his colorful stage of new realism creation. In this thesis, Rose's neo-realism works "dying flesh" and "mortals" are selected as the research objects. On the basis of careful interpretation of the text, this paper discusses a series of existential difficulties faced by the protagonist from the perspective of neo-realism. Neo-realism not only inherits the creative principles of traditional realism, but also draws lessons from post-modernist writing techniques, such as black humor, irony and flashback. This enables it to better reflect the realities that are taking place today, including the prevailing existential dilemmas faced by the present generation. The protagonists of the two novels are faced with the plight of illness, death and spiritual emptiness. On the one hand, they face the threat of physical decline and death; on the other hand, their marital failure and betrayal of tradition and religion lead to mental loneliness and anxiety. In order to get rid of these difficulties, the protagonist makes his own choices, such as blind pursuit of sex to fight against death, and self-seeking and freedom through betrayal and autonomy. However, their efforts have failed, and fear and anxiety continue to haunt them. Although the protagonists have Jewish backgrounds, Ross seems to deliberately weaken their Jewish identity and portray them as ordinary Americans. Therefore, the protagonist faces a series of survival difficulties also suitable for the broad masses of the American people. In this sense, the two works are of universal significance, expressing Ross's profound reflection on the living conditions of contemporary people and the ultimate humanistic concern.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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