發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-19 07:03

  本文選題：滿族 + 傳統(tǒng)建筑�。� 參考：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：滿族是我國具有悠久歷史的少數(shù)民族之一,曾經(jīng)作為清王朝的統(tǒng)治者,是中國歷史上第二個(gè)建立起全國統(tǒng)一政權(quán)的少數(shù)民族,在中國政治、歷史、文化、建筑以及民間藝術(shù)等方面都留下了深深的烙印和影響,他們一直為中華民族的繁榮昌盛和民族大團(tuán)結(jié)做著自己的貢獻(xiàn)。 滿族也是個(gè)古老的民族,滿族先世早在我國夏、商、周時(shí)代就見于史冊,稱肅慎人,世代生活在我國東北“白山黑水”之間。滿族文化經(jīng)歷了悠長的歷史歷程,在多種文化相互融合的發(fā)展過程中形成了自己獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)。在這種文化狀態(tài)下,滿族傳統(tǒng)建筑形式經(jīng)歷了階段性的發(fā)展,從最古老的夏則巢居,冬則穴居的生存形式到土階茅屋,再到庭院式的出現(xiàn)及清朝中后期出現(xiàn)的建筑形態(tài)。這些建筑既具有典型的滿族建筑特色,又吸收了漢、藏、蒙等民族的文化精髓,并將多種建造藝術(shù)手法相融合,鑄就了古代建筑史上的一次跨越,也為后代留下了珍貴的物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。 研究滿族建筑裝飾藝術(shù)有較強(qiáng)的代表性和實(shí)用價(jià)值。建筑裝飾是一個(gè)廣泛而又普遍的文化藝術(shù)現(xiàn)象,不同時(shí)代的歷史、文化都在建筑中留下深遠(yuǎn)的“圖章”,這些印記除了保留在建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)中,還有大量的訊息凝集在建筑的裝飾中。建筑中的雕琢、紋樣、色彩等,都將成為我們剖析和理解的建筑風(fēng)格、類別和文化底蘊(yùn)的至關(guān)重要的信息。 本文主要以遼寧地區(qū)有代表性的滿族宮殿建筑盛京皇宮和清永陵為主線進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)研,相關(guān)滿族民居等資料的收集做為輔助。通過大量的文獻(xiàn)和圖片資料的收集,以及實(shí)地調(diào)查,對滿族裝飾藝術(shù)加以分析萃取,從影響滿族傳統(tǒng)民居建筑的地域環(huán)境、空間組織,再到滿族宮殿建筑的裝飾特點(diǎn)、裝飾紋樣、裝飾色彩及材料等方面進(jìn)行研究。從而了解其承載的歷史與文化,為更深一步的研究提供完備而翔實(shí)的資料,對該領(lǐng)域的這些缺失予以及時(shí)的補(bǔ)充。并試圖發(fā)掘一些對于滿族建筑裝飾藝術(shù)的保護(hù)措施和方法,以及如何繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)的合理成份提供相應(yīng)的探索與思考,最后希望通過本人的研究能夠?qū)�滿族裝飾藝術(shù)傳承發(fā)展提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:Manchu is one of the ethnic minorities with a long history in China. It was once the ruler of the Qing Dynasty and was the second ethnic minority in Chinese history to establish a unified national regime. In Chinese politics, history, culture, Architecture and folk art have left deep imprint and influence, they have been making their own contribution to the prosperity of the Chinese nation and the great unity of the nation. Manchu is also an ancient ethnic group, Manchu preexistence in our country as early as summer, Shang, Zhou Dynasty in the annals, said Su-Shen people, generations living in the northeast of China between "white mountains and black waters". Manchu culture has experienced a long history and formed its own unique characteristics in the process of the integration of various cultures. In this cultural state, the traditional architectural forms of Manchu have experienced stage development, from the oldest living form of summer to cave dwelling, to the existence of earthen cottage, to the appearance of courtyard and the architectural form in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. These buildings not only have typical Manchu architectural characteristics, but also absorb the cultural essence of Han, Tibetan, Mongolian and other nationalities, and combine a variety of construction art techniques to cast a leap in the history of ancient architecture. It also left a precious material and cultural heritage for future generations. The study of Manchu architectural decorative art has strong representativeness and practical value. Architectural decoration is a widespread and universal cultural and artistic phenomenon. The history and culture of different times have left a profound "stamp" in the architecture, which is not only preserved in the structure of the building, but also in the structure of the building. There is also a great deal of information agglomerated in the decoration of the building. Sculptures, patterns, colors and so on in architecture, will become the essential information of architectural style, category and cultural details that we analyze and understand. This article mainly takes the Manchu palace architecture Shengjing palace and Qing Yongling as the main line to carry on the field investigation, the related Manchu folk residence and so on data collection as the assistance. Through the collection of a large number of documents and pictures, as well as the field investigation, the Manchu decorative art is analyzed and extracted, from the regional environment, the spatial organization, and the decoration characteristics of the Manchu palace buildings, which affect the traditional Manchu residential buildings. Decorative patterns, decorative colors and materials were studied. In order to understand its bearing history and culture, for the further study to provide complete and accurate information, to the field of these deficiencies to be timely supplemented. And try to explore some of the Manchu architectural decorative art protection measures and methods, as well as how to inherit and carry forward the traditional reasonable elements to provide a corresponding exploration and thinking, Finally, I hope through my research can provide reference for Manchu decorative art inheritance and development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU238

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本文編號：2039043