發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-24 11:51

【摘要】：光電倍增管是一種具有極高靈敏度和超快時(shí)間響應(yīng)的光電器件,廣泛應(yīng)用于物理實(shí)驗(yàn)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)、化學(xué)分析、醫(yī)療器械等領(lǐng)域。江門中微子實(shí)驗(yàn)以確定中微子質(zhì)量順序和混合參數(shù)為主要物理目標(biāo),并進(jìn)行其它多項(xiàng)科學(xué)前沿研究,需要用到萬余只大直徑光電倍增管做光探測器。而大尺寸光電倍增管一直被日本和歐洲的少數(shù)廠家所壟斷,目前國內(nèi)相關(guān)單位根據(jù)江門中微子實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)光電倍增管的要求,已經(jīng)自主研制出了大面積微通道板型光電倍增管。本文在國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目《大面積高量子效率雙堿光陰極的研究與制備》的資助下,針對(duì)國內(nèi)新研制的大尺寸光電倍增管,探索計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)在其性能測試方面的應(yīng)用,實(shí)現(xiàn)均勻性、磁場效應(yīng)、老化效應(yīng)測試。主要工作可總結(jié)為如下幾個(gè)方面:(1)設(shè)計(jì)了大面積光電倍增管光陰極均勻性測試子系統(tǒng)。利用多路脈沖信號(hào)發(fā)生器驅(qū)動(dòng)LED發(fā)光構(gòu)成多路光源,每路光強(qiáng)單獨(dú)可調(diào)。測試時(shí)順序點(diǎn)亮80路LED,自動(dòng)讀取光電倍增管光陰極不同位置的電流。系統(tǒng)本身光強(qiáng)的均勻性和穩(wěn)定性均滿足要求,且測試過程方便快捷,能用于光電倍增管的自動(dòng)化批量測試。(2)設(shè)計(jì)了大面積光電倍增管地磁場效應(yīng)測試子系統(tǒng)。一方面利用高磁導(dǎo)材料做成磁屏蔽罩定性屏蔽地磁場,另一方面根據(jù)電生磁原理,利用帶電的三維螺線管線圈產(chǎn)生與地磁場方向相反的感應(yīng)磁場,通過調(diào)整線圈電流來定量屏蔽地磁場,實(shí)現(xiàn)在不同磁場強(qiáng)度下的光電倍增管性能參數(shù)自動(dòng)測試。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了大面積光電倍增管老化效應(yīng)測試子系統(tǒng)。利用強(qiáng)光照射光陰極面加速光電倍增管的老化,模擬實(shí)際長期使用過程。測試過程中實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)電子學(xué)和光源的穩(wěn)定性,并繪制光電倍增管的老化曲線。目前該系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了7個(gè)月的樣管測試,滿足長期穩(wěn)定性的要求。(4)設(shè)計(jì)了LED性能參數(shù)測試子系統(tǒng)。LED作為光電倍增管性能測試過程中的常用光源,性能參數(shù)的微小變化會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響光電倍增的性能測試結(jié)果。使LED工作在恒壓模式下,實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測LED的工作電流、發(fā)光強(qiáng)度、發(fā)光光譜,保證光電倍增管測試結(jié)果的可靠性。目前上述測試系統(tǒng)都已投入使用,實(shí)現(xiàn)了大尺寸光電倍增管性能參數(shù)的全面測試,為新型光電倍增管制作工藝的改進(jìn)和江門中微子實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)光電倍增管的篩選提供了重要依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Photomultiplier tube is a kind of optoelectronic device with high sensitivity and ultra-fast time response. It is widely used in physical experiments, industrial production, chemical analysis, medical devices and other fields. Jiangmen neutrino experiment takes the determination of neutrino mass order and mixing parameters as the main physical object, and carries out many other scientific frontier studies. More than 10,000 large diameter photomultiplier tubes are used as photodetectors. However, the large-size photomultiplier tubes have been monopolized by a few manufacturers in Japan and Europe. At present, according to the requirements of Jiangmen neutrino experiment for photomultiplier tubes, large area microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes have been developed independently. In this paper, the application of computer technology in the performance test of large scale photomultiplier tubes developed in China has been explored with the aid of the project "Research and preparation of double alkali photocathode with large area and high quantum efficiency", which is a project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and aims at the newly developed large size photomultiplier tubes in China. Homogeneity, magnetic field effect, aging effect testing. The main work can be summarized as follows: (1) the photocathode uniformity testing subsystem of large area photomultiplier tube is designed. The multichannel light source is composed of LED light source driven by multichannel pulse signal generator, and each light intensity can be adjusted separately. During the test, 80 channels of LED, are sequentially lit to read the current at different positions of the photocathode of the photomultiplier tube. The system meets the requirements of the uniformity and stability of the light intensity, and the testing process is convenient and quick. It can be used for the automatic batch testing of photomultiplier tubes. (2) the geomagnetic field effect test subsystem of large area photomultiplier tube is designed. On the one hand, high magnetic conductance materials are used to make magnetic shielding cover to screen geomagnetic field qualitatively. On the other hand, according to the principle of electromagnetization, an inductive magnetic field opposite to the geomagnetic field is produced by using a electrified three-dimensional solenoid coil. By adjusting coil current to screen geomagnetic field quantitatively, the performance parameters of photomultiplier tube under different magnetic field intensity can be measured automatically. (3) A large area PMT aging test subsystem is designed. The aging of photomultiplier tube is accelerated by strong light irradiation on photocathode surface, and the practical long-term operation process is simulated. The stability of electronics and light source is monitored and the ageing curve of photomultiplier tube is drawn. At present, the system has been tested for 7 months to meet the requirements of long-term stability. (4) the LED performance parameter testing subsystem is designed. LED is used as a common light source in the performance testing of photomultiplier tubes. The small change of performance parameters will seriously affect the performance test results of photomultiplier. The working current, luminescence intensity and luminescence spectrum of LED are monitored in constant voltage mode, which ensures the reliability of the test results of photomultiplier tube. At present, all the above testing systems have been put into use, and the comprehensive measurement of the performance parameters of large size photomultiplier tubes has been realized, which provides an important basis for the improvement of the fabrication process of new photomultiplier tubes and for the screening of photomultiplier tubes by Jiangmen neutrino experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN152

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本文編號(hào)：2390582