發(fā)布時間：2018-04-05 22:19

  本文選題：水平井　切入點：偏心環(huán)空　出處：《西安石油大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在窄環(huán)空間隙中下套管、小井眼鉆進、深水鉆進和長水平段水平井鉆進等作業(yè)中,精確的波動壓力計算模型是準確預測井底壓力,避免井涌、井漏、井壁失穩(wěn)等井下復雜情況發(fā)生的前提�，F(xiàn)場常用的波動壓力預測模型如Burkhardt模型和Schuh模型是針對于同心環(huán)空而建立的,而在水平井的斜井段和水平段,受重力因素和巖屑床的影響,會導致管柱在環(huán)空中處于偏心的位置。偏心環(huán)空和同心環(huán)空中波動壓力的計算方法不同,采用傳統(tǒng)的波動壓力計算方法會使得對于水平井井底波動壓力的預測偏大。針對以上問題,本文建立了適用于水平井的穩(wěn)態(tài)和瞬態(tài)波動壓力計算模型。本文首先從影響波動壓力計算的因素出發(fā),分析了在水平井的水平段偏心度對波動壓力的影響;提出了鉆井液流變參數(shù)擬合與流變模式優(yōu)選的改進的黃金分割算法;分析了不同的鉆柱工作狀況下環(huán)空中流體的速度分布;并分析了鉆桿接頭、鉆井液的靜切力以及管柱加速度對波動壓力的影響。其次,針對水平井井筒中流體的穩(wěn)態(tài)和瞬態(tài)流動狀態(tài),分別建立了波動壓力的計算模型,在模型建立的過程中,考慮了不同的偏心度、鉆井液流變模式和管柱工作狀況。對模型的合理性進行了驗證,其中,4參數(shù)流體分別在同心環(huán)空中和偏心環(huán)空中流動的穩(wěn)態(tài)波動壓力計算模型的計算結(jié)果和前人測量的多組實驗數(shù)據(jù)的誤差基本都在10%以內(nèi);瞬態(tài)波動壓力模型計算結(jié)果同Burkhardt和Clark各自測量的兩口井的現(xiàn)場測量數(shù)據(jù)的最大誤差分別為11.5%和9.93%。最后,根據(jù)所建立的水平井中波動壓力計算模型,利用Matlab語言編制了波動壓力計算軟件,并通過實例計算對波動壓力計算模型的參數(shù)敏感性進行了分析。分析結(jié)果表明:井底波動壓力隨著偏心度的增加而降低,完全偏心時可降低50%左右;波動壓力隨著造斜點深度、管柱運行深度、管柱運行速度和加速度等參數(shù)的增加而增加;下鉆時,井底波動壓力隨泵排量的增加而增加;起鉆時,井底抽汲壓力隨泵排量的增加而減小。在現(xiàn)場鉆井作業(yè)中應充分考慮這些因素對波動壓力的影響,最終將起下鉆速度限定在軟件計算出來的最大起下鉆速度之內(nèi)。
[Abstract]:In the operations such as casing drilling in narrow annular gap, small hole drilling, deep water drilling and horizontal well drilling in long horizontal section, the accurate calculation model of fluctuation pressure is to accurately predict bottom hole pressure and avoid wellbore and well leakage.The premise of the occurrence of complex downhole conditions such as wellbore instability.The commonly used wave pressure prediction models, such as Burkhardt model and Schuh model, are established for concentric annulus, but in the horizontal and inclined sections of horizontal wells, they are affected by gravity factors and cuttings bed.It can cause the string to be eccentric in the annulus.The calculation methods of wave pressure in eccentric annulus and concentric annulus are different.Aiming at the above problems, a steady and transient wave pressure calculation model for horizontal wells is established in this paper.In this paper, the influence of eccentricity on wave pressure in horizontal section of horizontal well is analyzed, and an improved golden section algorithm for fitting rheological parameters of drilling fluid and optimal selection of rheological model is proposed.The velocity distribution of annular fluid in different drill string working conditions is analyzed, and the influence of drill pipe joint, static shear force of drilling fluid and string acceleration on fluctuating pressure is analyzed.Secondly, according to the steady state and transient flow state of fluid in horizontal well, the calculation models of fluctuating pressure are established, and different eccentricity, rheological mode of drilling fluid and working condition of pipe string are considered in the process of establishing the model.The rationality of the model is verified. The calculation results of steady wave pressure of the flow in concentric annulus and eccentric annulus respectively and the error of many groups of experimental data measured by predecessors are within 10%.The maximum error between the transient wave pressure model and two wells measured by Burkhardt and Clark is 11.5% and 9.93% respectively.Finally, according to the established calculation model of wave pressure in horizontal wells, the calculation software of wave pressure is compiled by using Matlab language, and the sensitivity of parameter of wave pressure calculation model is analyzed by example calculation.The results show that the downhole wave pressure decreases with the increase of eccentricity, and decreases by about 50% at complete eccentricity, and the fluctuating pressure increases with the increase of the depth of diagonal point, the operating depth of string, the running speed and acceleration of string, etc.During drilling, the bottom hole fluctuation pressure increases with the increase of pump displacement, while the bottom hole swabbing pressure decreases with the increase of pump displacement.The influence of these factors on the fluctuating pressure should be fully considered in the field drilling operation, and finally the down-drilling speed should be limited to the maximum down-drilling speed calculated by the software.
【學位授予單位】：西安石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP311.52;TE21

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