山東北部商周時(shí)期煮鹽工藝初步研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-16 13:17
【摘要】：煮鹽工藝流程研究是山東北部商周時(shí)期鹽業(yè)考古的基礎(chǔ)性課題。本文以考古材料為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)記載闡釋遺存,并以模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證假設(shè),重點(diǎn)復(fù)原了作坊建設(shè)、制備鹵水和煮鹵成鹽這三個(gè)基本環(huán)節(jié)的工藝流程。同時(shí),本文也對制鹽季節(jié)、作坊選址及前期準(zhǔn)備等幾個(gè)寬泛意義上的工藝問題進(jìn)行了論述。最后,本文以工藝研究為基礎(chǔ),討論了作坊的社會(huì)性質(zhì)及食鹽生產(chǎn)流通的運(yùn)營機(jī)制。 全文共分六個(gè)部分。一、緒論。主要介紹了本文選題的緣起、意義,研究區(qū)域的設(shè)定及自然環(huán)境,相關(guān)田野工作與研究史,以及本文的研究目標(biāo)與思路方法等。 二、第一章：基礎(chǔ)材料介紹。本章主要介紹了行文中頻繁引用的田野考古資料、歷史文獻(xiàn)、民族志和模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)等幾種基礎(chǔ)材料。 三、第二章：制鹽季節(jié)、作坊選址與前期準(zhǔn)備研究。本章討論了制鹽的季節(jié)、作坊選址的傾向性及煮鹽的前期準(zhǔn)備問題。本文認(rèn)為當(dāng)時(shí)是春秋兩季制鹽,而春季很可能是其“黃金季節(jié)”。在作坊選址上傾向于便于建設(shè)鹽灶的丘崗地貌,并且會(huì)優(yōu)先考慮燃料和淡水等必需品獲取的便利程度。 四、第三章：煮鹽工藝流程研究。本章是全文的中心部分,重點(diǎn)復(fù)原了作坊建設(shè)、制備鹵水和煮鹵成鹽這三個(gè)基本環(huán)節(jié)的工藝流程,著重探討了鹽灶建設(shè)的基本操作,詳細(xì)論述了“草木灰沉淀除雜”的制鹵工藝和“撈灑撩鹽、獲取散鹽”的成鹽工藝。 五、第四章：基于煮鹽工藝研究的幾點(diǎn)推測。本章主要討論了煮鹽工藝的特點(diǎn)、作坊的社會(huì)性質(zhì)和食鹽生產(chǎn)流通的運(yùn)營機(jī)制等幾個(gè)問題。本文認(rèn)為該工藝是來自中原商文化的開創(chuàng)性發(fā)明,其中先進(jìn)性與落后因素并存。煮鹽作坊應(yīng)該是以來自內(nèi)陸的大家庭或小家族為單位,采用指定工藝為商周王朝生產(chǎn)貢鹽的非專業(yè)化、獨(dú)立運(yùn)營的民間作坊。貢鹽產(chǎn)出后,需要由殷商貴族、齊及東夷方國收集進(jìn)貢于中原王朝,其運(yùn)營是一種較為松散的民制官收體制。 六、結(jié)語。本部分系統(tǒng)地歸納了本文在煮鹽工藝流程研究中幾個(gè)主要問題上的基本觀點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The study of salt boiling process is the basic subject of salt archaeology in Shang and Zhou dynasties in northern Shandong. On the basis of archaeological materials, combined with the literature records to explain the remains, and to verify the hypothesis by simulation experiments, the technological process of the three basic links of workshop construction, brine preparation and brine salt boiling was reinstated in this paper. At the same time, this paper also discusses the salt making season, workshop site selection and preparation in a wide sense. Finally, based on the technological research, the social properties of the workshop and the operation mechanism of salt production and circulation are discussed. The full text is divided into six parts. First, introduction. This paper mainly introduces the origin, significance, setting of research area and natural environment, related field work and research history, as well as the research objectives and methods of this paper. Chapter 1: introduction of basic materials. This chapter mainly introduces several basic materials, such as field archaeological data, historical documents, ethnography and simulated experimental data, which are frequently cited in this article. Chapter two: salt making season, workshop location and preparation. This chapter discusses the season of salt making, the orientation of workshop location and the preliminary preparation of salt boiling. In this paper, it is considered that the salt was made in spring and autumn, and spring is probably its "golden season". The site of the workshop tends to facilitate the construction of the hilly landscape of salt stoves, and priority is given to the convenience of obtaining essential items such as fuel and fresh water. Chapter three: study on the technological process of salt boiling. This chapter is the central part of the full text, focusing on the restoration of the workshop construction, the preparation of brine and the process of brine formation, with emphasis on the basic operation of the construction of salt stoves. The brine making technology of "plant ash precipitation and impurity removal" and the salt forming process of "salvaging and sprinkling salt to get loose salt" are discussed in detail. Chapter four: based on the research of salt boiling process, several speculations are made. This chapter mainly discusses the characteristics of salt cooking process, the social properties of the workshop and the operation mechanism of salt production and circulation. This paper holds that the craft is a pioneering invention from the commercial culture of the Central Plains, in which the advanced and backward factors coexist. Salt cooking workshops should be based on large families or small families from the inland, using a designated process for the Shang and Zhou dynasties to produce tribute salt non-professional, independent operation of folk workshops. After the salt was produced, it was necessary for the aristocrats, Qi and Dongyi to collect tribute to the Central Plains Dynasty, and its operation was a loose system of official collection. Conclusion. In this part, the basic viewpoints of several main problems in the study of salt boiling process are summarized systematically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F426.82;K224;K223
本文編號：2186097
[Abstract]:The study of salt boiling process is the basic subject of salt archaeology in Shang and Zhou dynasties in northern Shandong. On the basis of archaeological materials, combined with the literature records to explain the remains, and to verify the hypothesis by simulation experiments, the technological process of the three basic links of workshop construction, brine preparation and brine salt boiling was reinstated in this paper. At the same time, this paper also discusses the salt making season, workshop site selection and preparation in a wide sense. Finally, based on the technological research, the social properties of the workshop and the operation mechanism of salt production and circulation are discussed. The full text is divided into six parts. First, introduction. This paper mainly introduces the origin, significance, setting of research area and natural environment, related field work and research history, as well as the research objectives and methods of this paper. Chapter 1: introduction of basic materials. This chapter mainly introduces several basic materials, such as field archaeological data, historical documents, ethnography and simulated experimental data, which are frequently cited in this article. Chapter two: salt making season, workshop location and preparation. This chapter discusses the season of salt making, the orientation of workshop location and the preliminary preparation of salt boiling. In this paper, it is considered that the salt was made in spring and autumn, and spring is probably its "golden season". The site of the workshop tends to facilitate the construction of the hilly landscape of salt stoves, and priority is given to the convenience of obtaining essential items such as fuel and fresh water. Chapter three: study on the technological process of salt boiling. This chapter is the central part of the full text, focusing on the restoration of the workshop construction, the preparation of brine and the process of brine formation, with emphasis on the basic operation of the construction of salt stoves. The brine making technology of "plant ash precipitation and impurity removal" and the salt forming process of "salvaging and sprinkling salt to get loose salt" are discussed in detail. Chapter four: based on the research of salt boiling process, several speculations are made. This chapter mainly discusses the characteristics of salt cooking process, the social properties of the workshop and the operation mechanism of salt production and circulation. This paper holds that the craft is a pioneering invention from the commercial culture of the Central Plains, in which the advanced and backward factors coexist. Salt cooking workshops should be based on large families or small families from the inland, using a designated process for the Shang and Zhou dynasties to produce tribute salt non-professional, independent operation of folk workshops. After the salt was produced, it was necessary for the aristocrats, Qi and Dongyi to collect tribute to the Central Plains Dynasty, and its operation was a loose system of official collection. Conclusion. In this part, the basic viewpoints of several main problems in the study of salt boiling process are summarized systematically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F426.82;K224;K223
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 祁培;先秦齊地鹽業(yè)的形成與演變[D];華中師范大學(xué);2014年
，本文編號：2186097
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