本文選題：明代 + 識字兵　； 參考：《史學(xué)月刊》2017年01期

【摘要】：識字兵是明代軍制管理中為解決基層文書運行問題而出現(xiàn)的職役。洪熙時已有各級武官私下甄選的情況,遲至弘治末該做法得到朝廷認(rèn)可,并被納入軍事體制。這一轉(zhuǎn)變,使得軍中基層文書人員的安排可以繞開吏部考選而由武官直接選用。至此,由國家單獨掌控的基層文書權(quán)力轉(zhuǎn)由國家力量和武官群體共同控制。識字兵不僅管理軍中冊籍,還行使信息傳遞、賦役催征等職能,在文書運轉(zhuǎn)的末端發(fā)揮著重要作用。但識字兵待遇低、名額少,這種節(jié)流政策導(dǎo)致其在實際工作中收取例費、貪腐舞弊,最終對明代軍制運作的效能產(chǎn)生了危害。而且在實際運行中,為滿足軍中文書行政的需要,識字兵數(shù)量超出規(guī)定名額成為常態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The literate soldier is the duty service in the management of military system in Ming Dynasty to solve the problem of the basic level document operation. By the time of Honghee, there had been private selection of military officers at all levels, and by the end of Hongzhi, the practice had been approved by the court and incorporated into the military system. This change, so that the arrangement of basic clerical personnel can bypass the selection of officials directly by the military attach 茅 s. At this point, by the national independent control of the basic power of the document by the national forces and military officials group jointly controlled. The literate soldiers not only manage the military register, but also carry out the functions of transmission of information and duty, which play an important role in the end of the operation of the document. However, the treatment of literate soldiers was low and the number of soldiers was small. This kind of policy led to the collection of fees and corruption in the actual work, which finally endangered the effectiveness of the military system in the Ming Dynasty. In practice, in order to meet the needs of military clerical administration, the number of literate soldiers has become the norm.
【作者單位】： 廈門大學(xué)人文學(xué)院歷史系;
【分類號】：K248
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本文編號：1892267