本文選題：晚明 + 俠　； 參考：《中南民族大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：明中葉以后，商品經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展，社會受到商業(yè)浪潮的沖擊，重利輕義之風(fēng)在社會中有所影響。嘉靖、隆慶、萬歷三朝政治秩序日益混亂，尤其是萬歷時期，皇帝長期怠政，政府的社會控制力減弱。此外，在邊患危機(jī)的情況下，尚武風(fēng)氣漸漸盛行。 儒俠在這一時期發(fā)生了很大的變化。其范圍不單單局限在傳統(tǒng)意義的士人范圍內(nèi)，還包括山人中的儒俠，士人中的儒俠，，以及商人中的儒俠。晚明時期儒俠群體的平等、重義思想對當(dāng)時的社會文化產(chǎn)生了重要影響。到李贄時，他把忠義的內(nèi)涵加入到俠的定義之中，以至于后世多把為國為民的忠義人物稱之為俠。晚明儒俠群體中的士人把自己對俠的認(rèn)識和期望融入到俠的角色中，再造了多種俠客形象，豐富了俠文化。 晚明儒俠經(jīng)過泰州學(xué)派學(xué)人的影響后，對明末東林黨和抗清士人產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。儒俠的剛毅之氣，讓他們更有勇氣面對不公的朝政和嚴(yán)酷的反抗環(huán)境。到了清末，儒俠的精神又被救亡圖存的知識分子所繼承，他們以俠行來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的儒家濟(jì)世安民的抱負(fù)。 本文主要分四個部分：第一部分描述了歷史上不同時期的俠和儒俠，總結(jié)在不同時期的特點(diǎn)；第二部分從晚明儒俠范圍的擴(kuò)大和積極參與社會事務(wù)兩方面，分析儒俠所產(chǎn)生的變化；第三部分從多個方面分析晚明儒俠變化的原因；第四部分主要介紹了晚明儒俠的影響，從儒俠對俠客角色的再造，及其對當(dāng)時士人和以后士人的影響進(jìn)行論述。最后的結(jié)語部分，簡單討論了晚明儒俠的社會實(shí)踐及其人生價值的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:After the middle of Ming Dynasty, the commodity economy developed rapidly, and the society was impacted by the commercial tide. Jiajing, Longqing, Wanli three dynasties political order is increasingly chaotic, especially in the Wanli period, the emperor has long been out of control, the government's social control weakened. In addition, in the edge of the crisis, martial arts atmosphere is gradually prevailing. Great changes have taken place in this period. Its scope is not only limited to the traditional meaning of the scholars, but also includes the Confucianists among the mountain people, the Confucian heroes among the scholars, and the Confucian knights among the merchants. In the late Ming Dynasty, the equality of Confucianism and chivalry had an important influence on the social culture at that time. By Li Zhi, he added the connotation of loyalty to the definition of chivalrous, so that later generations called loyal figures for the country and the people as chivalrous. The scholars in the group of Confucianism and chivalrous in the late Ming Dynasty integrated their understanding and expectation of chivalrous into the role of chivalrous, recreating many kinds of chivalrous images and enriching chivalrous culture. After the influence of the scholars of Taizhou School in the late Ming Dynasty, the Confucian Warriors had a profound influence on the Donglin Party and the Anti-Qing Scholars in the late Ming Dynasty. The manly spirit of Confucianism gives them more courage to face the unjust government and the harsh environment of resistance. At the end of Qing Dynasty, the spirit of Confucian chivalrous was inherited by the intellectuals who saved the nation. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part describes the different periods of history of chivalrous and Confucian chivalrous, summarizes the characteristics of different periods, the second part from the late Ming Dynasty, the scope of Confucian chivalrous expansion and active participation in social affairs two aspects, The third part analyzes the causes of the changes in the late Ming dynasty, the fourth part mainly introduces the influence of the late Ming Confucian chivalrous, from the reconstruction of the role of the Confucian chivalrous, And its influence on the scholars at that time and later scholars were discussed. In the last part, the social practice and the realization of life value of the Confucian chivalrous in the late Ming Dynasty are briefly discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K248

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