發(fā)布時間：2018-03-11 10:23

  本文選題：三姓　切入點：依蘭　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 三姓,古地名,今黑龍江省依蘭縣。三姓地區(qū)包括今牡丹江流域及松花江下游廣袤的地區(qū),是松花江流域重要的水、陸交通要道,也是東北地區(qū)的邊防重鎮(zhèn)、少數(shù)民族聚居區(qū)。據(jù)史料記載,三姓地區(qū)在先秦時期就有人類活動的足跡,肅慎等北方少數(shù)民族長期生活在這片廣袤的土地上,過著漂泊不定的漁獵生活。自唐代開始在此設(shè)治以來,歷代王朝對這一地區(qū)的管理、建設(shè)不斷加強(qiáng)。特別是清朝滿族入主中原以后,清政府對于三姓地區(qū)的統(tǒng)治日益完善。從開始的實行八旗一元化、軍政合一的管理體制,逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠烀耠p重體制,最后變?yōu)榕c內(nèi)地一樣的管理民政的行省縣制,使這一地區(qū)成為清政府轄區(qū)的重要一部分。由于三姓地區(qū)在歷代統(tǒng)轄東北地區(qū)中的重要性,古今出現(xiàn)不少關(guān)于該地區(qū)歷史、民族、文化記載的書籍,因此國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對三姓地區(qū)歷史地理、民族文化的研究成果也層出不窮。特別是對清朝三姓副都統(tǒng)時期的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、民族等統(tǒng)治制度,有著深刻的研究,使我們對三姓歷史、當(dāng)?shù)睾照茏宓壬贁?shù)民族的情況有了一定的了解。三姓地區(qū)悠久的歷史,重要的地理位置和獨特的民族文化,使其成為我們對東北歷史及民族史的研究中不可忽略的一部分,對三姓地區(qū)史地的研究具有重要的文化認(rèn)知價值和歷史意義。 本文擬就清朝對三姓地區(qū)統(tǒng)治政策及其前后變化進(jìn)行研究,以空間為線,以時間為翼。重點探討清朝前期三姓副都統(tǒng)衙門的設(shè)置及對當(dāng)?shù)氐慕y(tǒng)治,驛站的設(shè)置、管理,對少數(shù)民族居民各項政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)管理政策;著重分析了清朝后期對三姓地區(qū)統(tǒng)治政策的變化,撤副都統(tǒng)衙門、建立府縣的背景,移民開墾過程及清統(tǒng)治給當(dāng)?shù)厣鐣�、民族帶來的影響等問題。意在通過對三姓地區(qū)在清朝時期史地的考察研究中,明晰清代對三江流域特別是三姓地區(qū)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、民族的管理政策及影響,探索研究三姓史地中蘊(yùn)含的特有的民族歷史與文化。 由于歷史學(xué)與語言學(xué)、地理學(xué)、文獻(xiàn)學(xué)、民族學(xué)、考古學(xué)、測繪學(xué)等學(xué)科有著不可分割的關(guān)系,因此在探索研究中我們需要廣泛吸收、應(yīng)用這些科學(xué)所采用的研究方法和理論成果。進(jìn)行清朝對三姓地區(qū)統(tǒng)治的研究,作者首先搜集了大量的古代文獻(xiàn)資料、地方志,十分重視歷史檔案資料,而且廣泛吸收了今人對三姓歷史文化研究的觀點、成果。本文在研究過程中,還利用了大量民族學(xué)、地圖學(xué)、考古學(xué)的研究成果進(jìn)行考證研究,廣泛吸收相鄰學(xué)科的新思想、新成果。通過不同時代測繪的地圖對比,不僅可以發(fā)現(xiàn)三姓地區(qū)建置的變化,而且對了解當(dāng)?shù)馗髅褡宸植�、遷徙路線更為直觀,是本文對清代三姓移民研究中必不可缺的重要方法。希望本文能使我們對三姓地區(qū)在清代時期的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、民族、文化等方面有更進(jìn)一步的了解,幫助我們更好的認(rèn)知清朝對整個東北邊疆地區(qū)的統(tǒng)治政策。
[Abstract]:Three surnames, ancient place names, and today's Yilan County in Heilongjiang Province. The three surname areas include the Mudanjiang River Basin and the vast area of the lower reaches of the Songhua River. They are important water and land transportation routes in the Songhua River Basin, and are also important border control towns in the Northeast. Areas inhabited by ethnic minorities. According to historical records, the three surname areas had footprints of human activities in the pre-Qin period, and the northern minorities such as Su-Shen lived on this vast land for a long time. Living a life of wandering fishing and hunting. Since the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the administration and construction of this area have been strengthened by successive dynasties, especially since the Manchu people took over the Central Plains in the Qing Dynasty. The Qing government's rule over the three surname areas was increasingly perfect. From the beginning of the implementation of the "eight banners" unified, the unity of military and government management system, gradually changed to the "flag and people" dual system, and finally changed to the same civil administration of the provincial county system, as in the mainland. This region became an important part of the Qing government area. Due to the importance of the three family names in the Northeast region, there were many books about the history, nationality and culture of the region. As a result, scholars at home and abroad have produced endless research results on the historical geography and ethnic culture of the three surnames, especially on the political, economic, national and other ruling systems during the period of the three surnames of the three surnames in the Qing Dynasty, which has made us study the history of the three surnames. The long history, important geographical location and unique national culture of the three surname areas make them a part of our research on the history of the Northeast and the national history. The study on the history and geography of the three-surnamed regions has important cultural cognitive value and historical significance. This paper intends to study the policy of the three surnames in the Qing Dynasty and its changes before and after, taking space as the line and time as the wing. It focuses on the setting up of the Yamen of the three surnames in the early Qing Dynasty, as well as the local rule, the setting up of the post station, and the management. Focusing on the political and economic management policies of the ethnic minority residents, this paper analyzes the changes in the policy of governing the region with three surnames in the late Qing Dynasty, the removal of the deputy capital as the government, the establishment of the background of the prefectures, the process of resettlement and reclamation, and the Qing rule over the local society. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the policy and influence of the Qing Dynasty on the political, economic and ethnic management of the Sanjiang River Basin, especially the three surname areas, through the investigation and study of the three surname regions in the Qing Dynasty. Explore and study the unique national history and culture contained in the history and land of the three surnames. Since history is inextricably related to linguistics, geography, philology, ethnology, archaeology, surveying and mapping and so on, we need to absorb it extensively in our exploration and research. Using the research methods and theoretical results adopted by these sciences, the author first collected a large amount of ancient documents, local chronicles, and attached great importance to historical archives, in order to study the rule of the three surname regions in the Qing Dynasty. Moreover, it has extensively absorbed the views and achievements of modern people on the study of history and culture of the three surnames. In the course of the research, this paper also made use of a large number of ethnology, cartography, and archaeology to carry out textual research and research, and extensively absorbed the new ideas of neighboring disciplines. New achievements. By comparing maps of different times of surveying and mapping, we can not only find the changes in the construction of the three surname areas, but also be more intuitive in understanding the distribution of local nationalities and migration routes. This paper is an indispensable and important method in the study of the migration of the three surnames in the Qing Dynasty. I hope this article will enable us to have a better understanding of the political, economic, ethnic and cultural aspects of the three surname areas in the Qing Dynasty. To help us better understand the Qing Dynasty throughout the Northeast Border region of the ruling policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K249

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