本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國舊石器時代手斧的特點與意義，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

中國舊石器時代手斧的特點與意義

Characteristics and Significance of Paleolithic Handaxes from China

[1]

GAO Xing （Laboratory of Human Evolution, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences）

中國科學(xué)院古脊椎動物與古人類研究所人類演化實驗室,北京100044

文章摘要：手斧的存在與否及其意義是我國史前考古學(xué)界長期爭論的問題。中國舊石器時代遺存中存在著手斧這一類器物，但它們在形態(tài)、技術(shù)、組合關(guān)系、豐度上與舊大陸西側(cè)有很大區(qū)別；大多數(shù)手斧與手鎬應(yīng)屬同質(zhì)異型，是中國乃至東南亞礫石石器文化中居于從屬地位的特定成員，是更新世生活在熱帶一亞熱帶的先民開發(fā)利用植物根莖食材的大型挖掘工具。他們在淵源上有本土礫石文化的根基，可能受到小規(guī)模人群遷徙和文化交流的影響，體現(xiàn)著“本土起源＋外來影響”的融合發(fā)展過程。中國的手斧存在著材料的不完備性和研究的膚淺性，體現(xiàn)在絕大多數(shù)標(biāo)本的地層和時代歸屬不明，研究多停留在對少數(shù)“典型標(biāo)本”主觀定性的層面，缺乏全面客觀的材料分析和詳實的觀測、統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，很多爭論緣于缺乏共同遵循的類型學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，陷入表層的術(shù)語紛爭。未來的研究必須加強地層、年代和形態(tài)、技術(shù)分析的基礎(chǔ)性工作，，充分運用現(xiàn)代科技手段提取信息和數(shù)據(jù)，并從理論層面深入揭示手斧這類遺存所蘊含的先民生存與演化的意義。

Abstr：The ＂handaxe issue＂ has been discussed and debated for a long time in Paleolithic research in China. As claimed by some researchers, handaxes have been discovered at some Middle Pleistocene localities in southern and central China and regarded as evidence to invalidate the hypothesis of the so-called ＂Movius Line＂ and to suggest that there is no obvious technological and typological difference between the East and the West in the remote past. However, most of the Chinese handaxes have been collected only from some isolated sites as surface finds, mainly in the Bose Basin in the Guangxi Autonomous Region and the Han-Luo- Dan Region in southeastern Shaanxi Province and northwestern Hubei Province. Stratigraphic information and chronometric results are known for exceptional cases. The number of handaxes is also limited for any given site, and most of them are products of casual and simple retouch with hardly any standardized size and overall shape. Therefore, they are different from Acheulian handaxes present in Africa and the western Eurasia in the Lower Paleolithic. This paper reviews the history of research on the handaxe issue in China, presents different ideas and propositions, and analyzes the nature of the arguments and the weakness of data sets. It points out that most of the Chinese handaxes should be functionally the same with another type of heavy duty tool, the pick, which are large digging tools （LDT） of Pleistocene human groups living in tropical and subtropical environments exploiting plant food resources, and part of the toot-kit of pebble tool tradition in central and southern China. They might have their local origins with possible western influence. The significance of this kind of

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:Handaxe Typology Pebble-tool tradition Acheulian technology Eastem originswith western influence

課題項目：中國科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略性先導(dǎo)科技專項（XDA05130202）;中國科學(xué)院知識創(chuàng)新工程方向項目（KZCX2-YW-Q1-04）：科技部科技基礎(chǔ)性工作專項（2007FY110200）

作者信息：會員可見

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國舊石器時代手斧的特點與意義，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。