發(fā)布時間：2018-03-12 12:15

  本文選題：刑事被害人　切入點：權利保護　出處：《安徽大學》2006年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 隨著刑事訴訟制度的發(fā)展和人權保障理念的深化，凸顯法律對個人尊嚴和人權的保護，是當今世界的發(fā)展潮流。被害人與被告人作為刑事訴訟最主要的兩方當事人，相對于公權力而言，在刑事訴訟中均處于弱者地位，偏廢其中任何一方，都會使刑事訴訟的架構失去平衡，人權保障的目的無法實現(xiàn)。但實際上要將被害人的權利從規(guī)定轉變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實，仍有漫長的過程，這其中既有基礎理論的欠缺，更有制度方面的原因乃至具體操作的問題。 刑事被害人權利保護的價值，首先是現(xiàn)代人權理論在刑事訴訟領域的必然要求，其次是刑事訴訟制度發(fā)展的價值取向和目標追求。由于我國加入了世貿組織，簽署了《公民權利與政治權利公約》等一系列國際公約，國際司法文件中有關被害人權利保護的規(guī)定和標準，國外被害人權利保護的發(fā)展趨勢，國際刑事法律領域的法律制度與價值觀念不可避免地會對我國產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。從與外國的相關法律制度進行比較、參照入手，對我國刑事法律中關于被害人權利保護的相關規(guī)定進行梳理與分析，查找不足，發(fā)現(xiàn)差距，對刑事立法和司法實踐中存在的問題及其深層的原因進行全方位、多層次的反思與分析，，并結合我國具體國情與實踐，設計出我國刑事被害人權利保護的制度構想：即進一步健全法律法規(guī)，在刑事立法層面完善對被害人實體性權利、程序性權利的雙重保護，提高全民的法律知識水平，在全社會興起強化保障被害人權利的意識，提高全民法律水平的宏觀保護途徑，同時擴大對被害人民事權益的保護范圍，對于刑事附帶民事訴訟，可以判處精神賠償。保障被害人追訴權的實現(xiàn)，有條件地賦予被害人上訴權，完善被害人委托代理制度，糾正刑事附帶民事訴訟制度在實旌中出現(xiàn)的問題，增設刑事被害人法律援助制度、國家補償制度、社會救援等制度。充分保障刑事被害人的各種訴訟權利得以順利實現(xiàn)，對于實現(xiàn)被害人與被告人雙方訴訟地位和訴訟權利的相對平衡，協(xié)調被害人、被告人、司法機關之間的關系，以及消除犯罪隱患、化解社會矛盾、構建和諧社會有著極 其重要的意義。同時，力圖促進刑事法理念從國家主義向人本主義轉變，維護司法的正義和秩序的平穩(wěn)，推動法制發(fā)展與人權保障向著更高層次邁進。
[Abstract]:With the development of criminal procedure system and the deepening of the concept of human rights protection, it is the development trend of the world to highlight the protection of individual dignity and human rights by law. Relative to public power, they are in a weak position in criminal proceedings. If one of them is biased, the structure of criminal proceedings will be out of balance. However, there is still a long process to change the rights of victims from stipulation to reality. There is not only the deficiency of basic theory, but also the reason of system and even the problem of concrete operation. The value of the protection of the rights of criminal victims is, first, the inevitable requirement of modern human rights theory in the field of criminal procedure, and secondly, the value orientation and goal pursuit of the development of criminal procedure system. Having signed a series of international conventions, such as the International Covenant on Civil and political Rights, and the provisions and standards for the protection of the rights of victims in international judicial documents, and the development trend of the protection of the rights of victims abroad, The legal system and values in the field of international criminal law will inevitably have a profound impact on our country. Combing and analyzing the relevant provisions about the protection of victims' rights in our country's criminal law, finding out the deficiency, finding the gap, and carrying on the omni-directional analysis to the problems existing in the criminal legislation and judicial practice and their deep reasons. Considering the specific situation and practice of our country, this paper designs the system conception of protecting the rights of criminal victims, that is, perfecting the laws and regulations, perfecting the substantive rights of the victims in the criminal legislation level. The dual protection of procedural rights improves the level of legal knowledge of the whole people, strengthens the consciousness of protecting the rights of the victims in the whole society, raises the macroscopic ways of protecting the legal level of the whole people, and at the same time expands the scope of the protection of the civil rights and interests of the victims. For the criminal incidental civil action, we may sentence spiritual compensation, guarantee the realization of the victim's right of recourse, grant the victim the right of appeal conditionally, and perfect the system of entrusting the victim to act as his agent. To correct the problems in the system of criminal incidental civil proceedings, to establish a system of legal aid for criminal victims, a system of state compensation, and a system of social relief, etc., to ensure the smooth realization of all kinds of procedural rights of criminal victims. It is very important to realize the relative balance of litigation status and litigation right between the victim and the defendant, to coordinate the relationship among the victim, the defendant and the judicial organ, to eliminate the hidden trouble of crime, to resolve the social contradiction, and to build a harmonious society. At the same time, it tries to promote the transformation of criminal law concept from nationalism to humanism, to maintain the justice and order of justice, and to promote the development of legal system and the guarantee of human rights to a higher level.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：D925.2

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 陳學清;偵查階段被害人權益保障研究[D];吉林大學;2008年

本文編號：1601514