發(fā)布時間：2018-11-08 13:09

【摘要】：半地下覆土油罐常用于儲存汽油、柴油等易燃易爆油品,一旦被引燃,短時間內(nèi)將產(chǎn)生極強的爆炸壓力波,造成儲罐的嚴(yán)重破壞并帶來災(zāi)難性后果,油氣爆炸沖擊荷載的研究是進行儲罐安全設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)。利用等比例模擬容器,基于實驗對覆土立式油罐罐內(nèi)油氣爆炸沖擊載荷特性進行了實驗研究,獲得了密閉條件下油罐內(nèi)不同位置處的壓力荷載的變化規(guī)律,油氣爆炸壓力荷載變化分為四個階段:點火孕育期、加速突變期、衰弱振蕩期、慣性波動期;罐頂位置處的壓力荷載數(shù)值要明顯大于罐壁和罐底處的壓力荷載數(shù)值;進一步考察了初始油氣濃度、初始點火能量、初始溫度等相關(guān)參數(shù)對爆炸沖擊荷載的影響規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明:爆炸超壓隨濃度的變化呈先增大后減小的規(guī)律,當(dāng)初始濃度為1.71%時,爆炸超壓荷載達到最大值。爆炸超壓值與點火能成正比關(guān)系,與初始環(huán)境溫度成反比關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Semi-underground earth covered oil tanks are often used to store flammable and explosive oils such as gasoline and diesel oil. Once they are ignited, they will produce extremely strong explosion pressure waves in a short period of time, causing serious damage to the storage tanks and bringing about disastrous consequences. The research of oil-gas explosion impact load is the basis of tank safety design. In this paper, the shock load characteristics of oil and gas explosion in vertical oil tank with overlying soil are studied experimentally based on experiments in an equal-proportion simulated vessel. The variation law of pressure load at different positions in the tank is obtained under the condition of airtight. The change of pressure load of oil and gas explosion is divided into four stages: ignition gestation period, accelerated sudden change period, debilitating oscillation period, inertial fluctuation period; The pressure load value at the top of the tank is obviously larger than that at the tank wall and bottom, and the influence of the initial oil and gas concentration, the initial ignition energy and the initial temperature on the explosion impact load is further investigated. The results show that the explosive overpressure increases first and then decreases with the change of concentration. When the initial concentration is 1.71, the explosive overpressure load reaches the maximum value. The explosion overpressure is proportional to the ignition energy and inversely proportional to the initial ambient temperature.
【作者單位】： 中國人民解放軍陸軍勤務(wù)學(xué)院油料系;浙江海洋大學(xué)石化與能源工程學(xué)院;臨港石油天然氣儲運技術(shù)國家地方聯(lián)合工程實驗室;重慶大學(xué)動力工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：重慶市研究生科研創(chuàng)新項目(CYB17150) 浙江省科技廳公益基金項目(2015C31014) 浙江海洋大學(xué)科研啟動基金(2015) 國家自然科學(xué)基金(51704301)
【分類號】：TE88

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