發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-19 00:25

  本文選題：生物質(zhì) + 延遲焦化��； 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：生物質(zhì)能源是目前能轉(zhuǎn)化為液體燃料代替化石燃料的可再生清潔能源,其轉(zhuǎn)化利用技術(shù)對(duì)緩解能源短缺和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境具有重大意義。生物質(zhì)熱解技術(shù)是常用的生物質(zhì)熱加工處理技術(shù),由于該技術(shù)設(shè)備制造成本高、反應(yīng)條件苛刻以及生物油的成分復(fù)雜、性質(zhì)不穩(wěn)定,阻礙了其工業(yè)化和廣泛應(yīng)用;而利用石油加工完善成熟的工藝來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)生物質(zhì)的轉(zhuǎn)化,可以很大程度上降低生物質(zhì)能轉(zhuǎn)化利用的生產(chǎn)成本,提高生物質(zhì)的利用效率和發(fā)展的速度。本文依托本課題組相關(guān)的科研項(xiàng)目,進(jìn)行了延遲焦化工藝處理生物質(zhì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,并對(duì)該工藝下生物質(zhì)熱解機(jī)理進(jìn)行了探討。論文首先對(duì)木屑為生物質(zhì)原料的性質(zhì)分析及組成分析,包括顆粒粒徑、含水率、堆積密度等,并對(duì)生物質(zhì)進(jìn)行了熱重分析,初步掌握了生物質(zhì)裂解的溫度區(qū)間。研究了單純生物質(zhì)延遲焦化工藝下,反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物隨原料粒徑、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、升溫速率的變化規(guī)律,對(duì)生物質(zhì)延遲焦化反應(yīng)條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,木屑粒徑20-40目,反應(yīng)終溫460℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間1h,液相產(chǎn)率為45.6%,氣體產(chǎn)率22.45%,固體產(chǎn)率31.95%;生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化率達(dá)68.05%。然后利用GC-MS對(duì)液體產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)果顯示,生物油中含有醇、酚、醛、酸等大量含氧化合物,與快速裂解工藝相比,本實(shí)驗(yàn)方法所得生物油基本不含有分子量較大的左旋葡聚糖。由于生物質(zhì)是固體粉末,為了能利用現(xiàn)有的煉油裝置來(lái)加工生物質(zhì),必須考慮進(jìn)料的問(wèn)題,因此在后續(xù)研究中,將木屑和減壓渣油(VR)混合制成懸濁液來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)進(jìn)料。首先通過(guò)木屑-VR的粘溫曲線和漿料流變曲線分析,確定了木屑-VR共焦化的合適添加比例為木屑/VR=1:10,然后對(duì)影響木屑-VR共焦化的因素進(jìn)行了考察,確定了最優(yōu)的反應(yīng)溫度為460℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為2h,為工業(yè)化提供了參考條件。針對(duì)生物質(zhì)的三種主要成分纖維素、半纖維素和木質(zhì)素,利用紅外分析和用GC-MS分析等手段進(jìn)行表征分析,對(duì)生物質(zhì)熱解機(jī)理進(jìn)行了初步的探討。
[Abstract]:Biomass energy is a renewable and clean energy which can be converted into liquid fuel instead of fossil fuel at present. Its conversion and utilization technology is of great significance to alleviate the energy shortage and improve the ecological environment. Biomass pyrolysis technology is a commonly used biomass thermal processing technology. Because of its high cost, harsh reaction conditions, complex composition and unstable nature of bio-oil, it has hindered its industrialization and wide application. By using the mature technology of petroleum processing to realize biomass conversion, the production cost of biomass energy conversion and utilization can be greatly reduced, and the utilization efficiency and development speed of biomass can be improved. In this paper, based on the related scientific research projects of our group, the experimental study on the treatment of biomass by delayed coking process was carried out, and the mechanism of biomass pyrolysis under the process was discussed. Firstly, the properties and composition of wood chips as biomass feedstock were analyzed, including particle size, moisture content, packing density and so on. The thermogravimetric analysis of biomass was carried out, and the temperature range of biomass pyrolysis was preliminarily grasped. The reaction conditions of biomass delayed coking were optimized under the condition of biomass delayed coking process. The reaction products varied with the particle size of raw material, reaction temperature, reaction time and heating rate. The diameter of wood chips was 20-40 mesh. The reaction temperature is 460 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1907896