發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-13 14:55

  本文選題：感應(yīng)雷 + 直擊雷��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前石化行業(yè)當(dāng)中,一種用于儲(chǔ)存油品的主要油罐結(jié)構(gòu)是外浮頂油罐,外浮頂油罐在雷雨天氣有著遭受雷擊而發(fā)生著火爆炸事故的危險(xiǎn)。對于預(yù)防雷電對外浮頂油罐的破壞目前已經(jīng)有很多方法,同樣,也有很多設(shè)施、設(shè)備用于疏散落在外浮頂油罐上的雜散雷電流,但都存在著不同程度的問題。本論文中使用CDL-100kA/200kJ-10/350us-Crowba沖擊電流發(fā)生器和CDL-100kA/76.8kJ-8/20μs沖擊電流裝置分別模擬直擊雷雷電流波形和感應(yīng)雷雷電流波形,并建立了1：1大型外浮頂油罐浮盤模型和2m直徑外浮頂油罐模型兩種模型,使用不同雷電流波形和不同模型間的相互組合,比較全面的分析了現(xiàn)有形式的上裝式導(dǎo)電片的幾方面主要性能,如張力、最大電流通流量、最小閃絡(luò)電流值等,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了對現(xiàn)有形式的上裝式導(dǎo)電片進(jìn)行改造,設(shè)計(jì)出一種新型導(dǎo)電片,通過相同實(shí)驗(yàn),測試了新型導(dǎo)電片的主要性能,實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),新型導(dǎo)電片的幾項(xiàng)主要性能都優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有形式的上裝式導(dǎo)電片。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,在10/350 u S直擊雷波形和8/20 μ S感應(yīng)雷波形下,在1：1模型和2m直徑金屬儲(chǔ)罐模型的實(shí)驗(yàn)中,現(xiàn)有形式的上裝式導(dǎo)電片的最小閃絡(luò)電流值和最大電流通流量分別低于相同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下的新型導(dǎo)電片。當(dāng)雷電流波形相同時(shí),同種導(dǎo)電片在兩種不同模型中最小閃絡(luò)電流值基本一致。當(dāng)在同一模型中實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí),在10/350 μ S波形下導(dǎo)電片發(fā)生閃絡(luò)的最小電流值和導(dǎo)電片出現(xiàn)燒蝕的最小電流值明顯小于在8/20 μ S波形下試驗(yàn)的最小電流值,由此可見直擊雷的10/350 u S波形能量比感應(yīng)雷的8/20 u S波形能量大�，F(xiàn)有形式的上裝式導(dǎo)電片的張力一般在5N左右,并且在油罐運(yùn)行過程當(dāng)中,張力會(huì)隨著外界因素逐漸減弱,而新型導(dǎo)電片的張力可以調(diào)節(jié),當(dāng)張力調(diào)節(jié)至9N時(shí),新型導(dǎo)電片與罐壁接觸電阻值小于0.03 Ω,符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求�？紤]到安裝和運(yùn)行時(shí)可能存在的誤差,新型導(dǎo)電片在10N的張力下,發(fā)生大火閃絡(luò)的最小電流值設(shè)定為10kA。10萬m3外浮頂油罐,周長為251m,按2.5m間距布設(shè)1個(gè)新型導(dǎo)電片,將布設(shè)100個(gè)。如果雷電流為100kA,則每個(gè)新型導(dǎo)電片通過的雷電流1kA,不會(huì)打火。針對新型導(dǎo)電片與軟銅復(fù)絞線結(jié)合疏散雷電流的綜合實(shí)驗(yàn),即結(jié)合現(xiàn)場實(shí)際情況,可以發(fā)現(xiàn),在相同的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下導(dǎo)線對于直擊雷的分流能力比對于感應(yīng)雷的分流能力弱,但分流作用不可忽視,實(shí)驗(yàn)也說明了現(xiàn)場浮盤只有兩根軟銅復(fù)絞線分流能力不夠,需要通過導(dǎo)電片來增強(qiáng)對雷電流的疏散能力。
[Abstract]:At present, one of the main oil tanks used to store oil in petrochemical industry is the outer floating roof oil tank. The outer floating roof oil tank is in danger of fire and explosion caused by lightning strike in the thunderstorm weather. There are many methods to prevent the damage of external floating roof tank by lightning. Similarly, there are many facilities, which are used to evacuate stray lightning current from floating roof tank, but there are some problems to some extent. In this paper, CDL-100kA/200kJ-10/350us-Crowba impulse current generator and CDL-100kA/76.8kJ-8/20 渭 s impulse current device are used to simulate the lightning current waveform and inductive lightning current waveform respectively, and two models are established: the floating disk model of 1:1 external floating roof oil tank and the 2m diameter outer floating roof oil tank model. By using the combination of different lightning current waveforms and different models, the main properties of the existing top conductive sheet, such as tension, maximum current flux, minimum flashover current, etc., are analyzed comprehensively. A new type of conductive sheet is designed and the main properties of the new type conductive sheet are tested through the same experiment. Several main properties of the new conductive sheet are superior to the existing form of the upper conductive sheet. Through experimental analysis, in the experiments of 1:1 model and 2m diameter metal storage tank model, under 10 / 350u S direct strike wave and 8 / 20 渭 S induced lightning waveform, The minimum flashover current and the maximum current flux of the current type conductive sheet are lower than those of the new conductive sheet under the same experimental conditions. When the lightning current waveform is the same, the minimum flashover current value of the same conductive sheet is basically the same in two different models. When tested in the same model, the minimum current value of the flashover and the minimum current value of the ablation of the conductive sheet under the 10 / 350 渭 S waveform are obviously lower than the minimum current value tested under the 8 / 20 渭 S waveform. It can be seen that the energy of 10 / 350u S waveform of direct strike lightning is higher than that of 8 / 20 u S wave energy of inductive lightning. The tension of the current type of top conductive sheet is generally about 5 N, and during the operation of the oil tank, the tension will gradually decrease with external factors, while the tension of the new type of conductive sheet can be adjusted, when the tension is adjusted to 9 N, The contact resistance between the new conductive sheet and the tank wall is less than 0.03 惟, which meets the standard requirements. Considering the possible errors in installation and operation, the minimum current value of fire flashover is set as 10kA.10 10000 m ~ 3 outer floating roof oil tank with a circumference of 251 m, and a new type of conductive sheet is arranged at 2.5 m distance, 100 will be installed under the tension of 10 N. If the lightning current is 100 Ka, the lightning current passing through each new conductive sheet is 1 Ka and will not ignite. In view of the comprehensive experiment of the new type conductive sheet and soft copper wire combined with the evacuation lightning current, that is, combining with the actual situation in the field, it can be found that under the same experimental conditions, the diversion ability of the conductor to the direct strike lightning is weaker than that to the inductive lightning. But the shunt effect can not be ignored. The experiment also shows that there are only two soft copper stranded wire in the field floating disk is not enough for shunt ability, so it is necessary to strengthen the evacuation ability of lightning current by conducting sheet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE972

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 董東;程萌;李巖;;浮頂油罐的防雷檢測技術(shù)[J];山東氣象;2009年S1期

2 周明陽;;油罐雷害的種類及預(yù)防措施[J];安全、健康和環(huán)境;2007年06期

3 楊揚(yáng);謝靜蓉;方海燕;高志永;楊常國;;大型儲(chǔ)油罐區(qū)防雷方式及測雷預(yù)警安全措施[J];油氣儲(chǔ)運(yùn);2009年04期

，

本文編號(hào)：1883657