發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-12 01:06

  本文選題：鄂爾多斯盆地 + 渭北隆起帶　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：油砂作為繼常規(guī)原油之后的一種重要的能源，具有巨大的勘探開發(fā)前景，中國(guó)的油砂資源非常豐富且分布廣泛，但對(duì)油砂的地質(zhì)背景、資源潛力等方面的總體認(rèn)知程度仍比較低。鄂爾多斯盆地作為我國(guó)重要的能源基地，已探明豐富的石油、天然氣、煤、鈾礦等資源，而對(duì)盆地油砂資源的勘探工作仍處于相對(duì)空白的狀態(tài)，本論文依托于中國(guó)地質(zhì)調(diào)查局油氣資源調(diào)查中心《全國(guó)油砂成礦遠(yuǎn)景及選區(qū)研究》和《我國(guó)西北地區(qū)油砂資源成藏潛力研究》項(xiàng)目，以鄂爾多斯盆地南部渭北隆起的廟灣-宜君地區(qū)侏羅系直羅組、延安組油砂為主要的研究對(duì)象。 在研究區(qū)野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查和實(shí)測(cè)油砂露頭剖面的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合油砂科探井所獲得的資料及室內(nèi)薄片鏡下觀察，明確研究區(qū)油砂地質(zhì)特征、分布特征，沉積特征；通過(guò)收集掌握前人研究資料和對(duì)油砂樣的地化測(cè)試分析來(lái)研究廟灣-宜君地區(qū)侏羅系油砂的烴源巖；通過(guò)對(duì)地表及井下的油砂樣的顯微鏡（包括光學(xué)顯微鏡及掃描電鏡）下觀察及相關(guān)地化測(cè)試分析來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)油砂儲(chǔ)層的物性條件。最后再系統(tǒng)研究油砂礦藏形成過(guò)程，時(shí)空分布規(guī)律及成礦主控因素，建立鄂爾多斯盆地南部侏羅系油砂礦藏的成藏模式。 廟灣-宜君地區(qū)廣泛分布侏羅系直羅組、延安組地層，直羅組下部地層和延安組的煤系地層以上部分出露地表較全，地層走向270°-300°，傾角15-25°，含油砂巖巖性以長(zhǎng)石砂巖和長(zhǎng)石石英砂巖為主，通常粗粒砂巖含油性較細(xì)粒砂巖要好，含油級(jí)別最高達(dá)油浸。 通過(guò)實(shí)測(cè)剖面和鉆井綜合柱狀圖的巖性組合關(guān)系與巖樣室內(nèi)光學(xué)薄片鑒定和粒度分析：直羅組主要為河流相沉積，以辮狀河沉積體系為主，亞相主要為河道砂壩及河漫灘，局部地區(qū)發(fā)育湖泊相沉積，亞相為淺湖相和濱湖相；延安組主要為河流相和湖泊相沉積，河流相主要為曲流河沉積體系，，亞相為河漫和河床（道），湖泊相可識(shí)別出半深湖、淺湖和濱湖3個(gè)亞相。 鄂爾多斯盆地南部廟灣-宜君地區(qū)油砂遭受嚴(yán)重的氧化、風(fēng)化剝蝕、生物降解作用。 研究區(qū)油砂巖體主要有粒間孔、粒內(nèi)溶孔、裂縫、晶間微孔這四類主要的孔隙類型。通過(guò)實(shí)測(cè)物性分析，直羅組、延安組儲(chǔ)層均為低孔低滲儲(chǔ)層。 鄂爾多斯盆地南部侏羅系油砂成藏有利條件：①通過(guò)對(duì)侏羅系油砂原油的物性分析、碳同位素及生物標(biāo)志化合物的對(duì)比，證明研究區(qū)侏羅系油砂原油來(lái)自三疊系延長(zhǎng)組湖相烴源巖；②延安組、直羅組河流相砂巖較好的儲(chǔ)集物性為原油的聚集提供良好的儲(chǔ)集空間；③構(gòu)造控制著油砂礦藏的形成。 鄂爾多斯盆地渭北隆起油砂在成藏的過(guò)程與構(gòu)造演化密切相關(guān)，因此其成藏模式屬于抬升運(yùn)移型。三疊系烴源巖在侏羅紀(jì)末期開始生油，至白堊紀(jì)末達(dá)生油高峰，同期渭北地區(qū)整體構(gòu)造抬升并形成斷層、褶曲等構(gòu)造，使油氣向上運(yùn)移至侏羅系地層大規(guī)模成藏，隨著隆起帶進(jìn)一步抬升使上部地層遭受剝蝕，油氣藏逐漸靠近甚至出露至地表而形成油砂。
[Abstract]:As an important source of energy after conventional crude oil, oil sand has a great prospect of exploration and development. China's oil sand resources are very rich and widely distributed, but the overall cognition of the geological background and resource potential of oil sand is still low. Ordos Basin is an important energy base in China, and it has proven rich stone. Oil, natural gas, coal, uranium ore and other resources, and the exploration work of oil sand resources in the basin is still in a relatively blank state. This paper is based on the China Geological Survey oil and gas resource survey center, the national oil sand metallogenic prospect and selected area research and the research project of the reservoir potential of oil sand resources in Northwest China, and the southern Wei of the Ordos Basin. The oil sand of the Yanan formation is the main research object in the Jurassic Jurassic formation in miwan Yijun area of the northern uplift.
On the basis of field geological survey and measured oil sand outcrop section in the study area, the geological characteristics, distribution characteristics and sedimentary characteristics of the oil sand in the study area are clearly defined in combination with the data obtained from the oil sands exploration well and the observation under the indoor thin film microscope. The hydrocarbon source rocks of the Jurassic oil sand; evaluate the physical properties of the oil sand reservoir by observation and related geochemical analysis under the microscope (including optical and scanning electron microscopy) on the surface and underground oil sand samples. Finally, the formation process of oil sand deposits, the spatial and temporal distribution and the main controlling factors of the ore-forming process are systematically studied, and the Ordos Basin is established. The reservoir forming model of the Jurassic oil sand deposits in the south.
The Jurassic zluo group is widely distributed in the mian Bay Yijun area. The Yanan formation, the lower strata in the lower dioluo formation and the coal measures in the Yanan formation are fully exposed. The strata trend to 270 degree -300 degrees, and the dip angle is 15-25 degrees. The lithology of the oil sand rocks is dominated by feldspar sandstone and feldspar quartz sandstone, and the oil bearing sandstone contains more oil than fine sandstone and oil containing oil. The highest level of oil is in oil.
According to the lithologic assemblage relation of measured profile and comprehensive drilling histogram, and the identification of optical thin slice and grain size in the interior of the rock sample, the main is the river facies deposit, with the braided river sedimentary system mainly, the subfacies is mainly the river sand bar and the river flood beach, the lake facies is deposited in the local area, the subfacies is the shallow lake and Binhu facies, and the Yanan group is the main part. The river facies and lake facies should be deposited, the main river facies is the meandering river sedimentary system, the subfacies is the river man and the river bed. The lake facies can identify the 3 subfacies of the half deep lake, the shallow lake and the Binhu.
The oil sands in miwan Yijun area of the southern Ordos Basin suffered severe oxidation, weathering and denudation and biodegradation.
The oil sand body in the study area mainly consists of four types of main pore types: intergranular pore, intragranular hole, crack and intergranular micropore. The reservoir of Yanan formation is low porosity and low permeability reservoir through measured physical property analysis.
The favorable conditions for the Jurassic oil sand formation in the southern Ordos Basin are as follows: (1) through the analysis of the physical properties of Jurassic oil sand, carbon isotopes and biomarker compounds, it is proved that the Jurassic oil sand crude oil from the Triassic Yanchang Formation lacustrine source rock; (2) the Yanan formation and the good reservoir property of the river facies sandstone of the di Luo formation is the original. The accumulation of oil provides good storage space; (3) the structure controls the formation of oil sands.
The process of oil sand in the Weibei uplift of the Ordos Basin is closely related to the tectonic evolution. Therefore, the reservoir forming model belongs to the uplift migration type. The Triassic source rocks began to oil in the late Jurassic period and reached the peak of the oil generation at the end of the Jurassic period. The whole structure of the Weibei area was uplifted and formed into faults and folds, and the oil and gas moved upward to the upper part of the Weibei region. The Jurassic strata are massive reservoirs. With the further uplift of the uplift zone, the upper strata are eroded, and the oil and gas reservoirs are gradually approaching or even exposed to the surface to form oil sands.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13

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