發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-28 08:39

【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來,世界各國不斷地增加對地下空間的開發(fā)利用,全斷面巖石掘進(jìn)機(jī)(TBM)作為高效、安全、綠色的掘進(jìn)設(shè)備已成為首先的硬巖隧道成形設(shè)備,且具有十分廣闊的市場前景。主驅(qū)動主軸承作為掘進(jìn)主機(jī)的關(guān)鍵承載部件,特殊的工作環(huán)境要求其具有高安全性、穩(wěn)定性、可靠性,因此在傳統(tǒng)主軸承設(shè)計(jì)理論和方法的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行考慮主軸承可靠性和穩(wěn)定性的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)研究顯得十分必要,這也是行業(yè)內(nèi)企業(yè)對于主軸承設(shè)計(jì)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的新方向之一。本文根據(jù)主軸承設(shè)計(jì)早期載荷信息缺乏的特點(diǎn),從刀盤動態(tài)掘進(jìn)載荷仿真入手,對掘進(jìn)過程中主軸承的應(yīng)力譜進(jìn)行預(yù)測,進(jìn)而通過隨機(jī)應(yīng)力下結(jié)構(gòu)疲勞可靠度計(jì)算模型和系統(tǒng)元件失效相關(guān)特征建立了主軸承系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)可靠度預(yù)測方法。在研究主軸承系統(tǒng)的剛度特性基礎(chǔ)上,對時(shí)變載荷激勵(lì)下的主軸承振動程度進(jìn)行分析,并根據(jù)主軸承結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與其振動特征參數(shù)的映射關(guān)系,建立考慮結(jié)構(gòu)疲勞可靠性和振動特征的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)模型。 論文的具體工作和主要內(nèi)容可以做如下描述： (1)根據(jù)掘進(jìn)機(jī)連續(xù)掘進(jìn)特點(diǎn),建立考慮復(fù)合地層、刀盤刀具布局、刀具切削載荷和刀盤復(fù)合載荷計(jì)算的刀盤載荷時(shí)間歷程的模擬方法。以刀盤載荷為輸入條件,根據(jù)主軸承系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)特征對參數(shù)非對稱的主軸承進(jìn)行靜態(tài)載荷及應(yīng)力分布計(jì)算,并編制動態(tài)載荷下的應(yīng)力譜,運(yùn)用雨流計(jì)數(shù)法進(jìn)行多工況處理與合成,得到便于進(jìn)行疲勞可靠性分析的應(yīng)力分布的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)。 (2)以應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度干涉模型為基礎(chǔ),進(jìn)行隨機(jī)外部載荷下的主軸承疲勞可靠度預(yù)測,通過強(qiáng)度的非線性退化理論和材料本身的分散性研究結(jié)構(gòu)的剩余強(qiáng)度時(shí)間歷程。采用JC法計(jì)算主軸承結(jié)構(gòu)的可靠度,并根據(jù)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)失效關(guān)系建立了基于關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣和布爾函數(shù)的系統(tǒng)可靠度計(jì)算方法。 (3)研究主軸承振動的形成及衡量振動程度的參數(shù),借助滾子滾道的接觸模型建立與疲勞可靠性匹配的系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)模型。通過系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的分析研究,確定了以滾子滾道接觸剛度和阻尼為基礎(chǔ)的等效動力學(xué)模型和方程。 (4)以主軸承的疲勞可靠度和振動程度為目標(biāo),系統(tǒng)整體的設(shè)計(jì)要求為約束,建立主軸承結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型。為了驗(yàn)證本文理論及方法的系統(tǒng)、全面和有效性,以某引水工程為例進(jìn)行分析,優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明在保證體積不增加的前提下,優(yōu)化后主軸承的疲勞可靠度和振動程度均有明顯的改善,為系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化提供了具有實(shí)際意義的參考。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the development and utilization of underground space have been increasing in various countries in the world. As an efficient, safe and green tunneling equipment, the full-section rock tunneling machine (TBM) has become the first hard rock tunnel forming equipment. And has a very broad market prospects. As the key bearing part of the main driving engine, the main bearing has high safety, stability and reliability due to its special working environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the structure design of the main bearing based on the traditional design theory and method of main bearing, which is one of the new directions that enterprises in the industry pay more attention to the design of the main bearing. According to the lack of early load information in the design of the main bearing, the stress spectrum of the main bearing in the driving process is predicted from the dynamic driving load simulation of the cutter head. Then the dynamic reliability prediction method of the main bearing system is established by means of the structural fatigue reliability calculation model under random stress and the failure correlation characteristics of the system components. Based on the study of the stiffness characteristics of the main bearing system, the vibration degree of the main bearing under time-varying load excitation is analyzed, and the mapping relationship between the structural parameters of the main bearing and the vibration characteristic parameters of the main bearing is given. The optimum design model of structural parameters considering fatigue reliability and vibration characteristics is established. The specific work and main contents of the paper can be described as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of continuous tunneling of roadheader, the layout of cutting tools with composite strata and cutters is established. The method of simulating the time history of cutting load and composite load of cutter head is presented. According to the structural characteristics of the main bearing system, the static load and stress distribution of the main bearing with asymmetric parameters are calculated, and the stress spectrum under the dynamic load is compiled, and the rain flow counting method is used to deal with and synthesize the stress spectrum under the dynamic load. The key parameters of stress distribution for fatigue reliability analysis are obtained. (2) based on the stress intensity interference model, the fatigue reliability of main bearing under random external load is predicted. The residual strength time history of the structure is studied by the nonlinear degradation theory of strength and the dispersion of the material itself. JC method is used to calculate the reliability of the main bearing structure, and the reliability calculation method based on the correlation matrix and Boolean function is established according to the failure relation in the system. (3) the formation of the vibration of the main bearing and the parameters to measure the vibration degree are studied. The contact model of roller raceway is used to establish a system dynamic model matching fatigue reliability. Based on the analysis and study of the key parameters of system dynamics, the equivalent dynamic model and equation based on the contact stiffness and damping of roller raceway are established. (4) the fatigue reliability and vibration degree of the main bearing are taken as the objectives. The overall design requirement of the system is constrained, and the structural parameters optimization model of the main bearing is established. In order to verify the system of the theory and method in this paper, a water diversion project is taken as an example. The optimization results show that the volume is not increased. The fatigue reliability and vibration degree of the main bearing after optimization are obviously improved, which provides a practical reference for the optimization of the system structural parameters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U455.31;TH133.3

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