【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，資源和環(huán)境壓力日趨加重，節(jié)能降耗已成為全社會(huì)的共識(shí)，也是工程機(jī)械設(shè)備的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。起重機(jī)在各行各業(yè)有著廣泛的應(yīng)用，是傳統(tǒng)能源的消耗大戶，同時(shí)也有著巨大的節(jié)能潛力。從起重機(jī)械的作業(yè)特點(diǎn)來看，重物下放過程中，隨著位能的變化，會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的再生能量。研究如何充分回收利用再生能量，對(duì)減輕環(huán)境污染、降低企業(yè)成本、提高企業(yè)競(jìng)爭力等非常有利，具有重要的社會(huì)意義和經(jīng)濟(jì)意義。 本文首先闡述了起重機(jī)械的應(yīng)用背景和常見節(jié)能措施，簡要概括了混合動(dòng)力技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用情況，深入分析對(duì)比了混合動(dòng)力起重機(jī)的研究現(xiàn)狀，為本文的進(jìn)一步研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)傳統(tǒng)起重機(jī)系統(tǒng)的能量流向和能耗情況進(jìn)行了深入的分析，得出系統(tǒng)巨大的節(jié)能潛力和關(guān)鍵節(jié)能環(huán)節(jié)，以此為切入點(diǎn)挖掘出系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能需求，并明確了對(duì)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的原則要求，確定了本文多動(dòng)力源混合所采用的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。 其次，對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和儲(chǔ)能器件的特性進(jìn)行了深入研究，為能量控制策略的制定提供了依據(jù)。提出了超級(jí)電容和蓄電池組成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，它既可以作為儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)回收再生能量，又可作為輔助動(dòng)力源，配合柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組，在提升重物時(shí)供能。 然后，基于柴油機(jī)-超級(jí)電容-蓄電池組成的多動(dòng)力源混合方案，，進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)起重作業(yè)工作循環(huán)中的不同工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行了劃分，制定了不同工作狀態(tài)下柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組、復(fù)合電源、雙向DC-DC變換器和能耗制動(dòng)電阻的控制策略�；�于能量控制策略和動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的硬件構(gòu)成，研究了發(fā)電機(jī)組和儲(chǔ)能元件的參數(shù)選配。 最后，建立了多動(dòng)力源混合起重機(jī)系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵部件的仿真模型，并根據(jù)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成和控制策略，構(gòu)建了系統(tǒng)總成模型。通過仿真分析，驗(yàn)證了超級(jí)電容/蓄電池復(fù)合電源與柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組混合驅(qū)動(dòng)的可行性和能量控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the sustainable development of economy and society in China, the pressure of resources and environment is becoming more and more serious. Energy saving and consumption reduction has become the consensus of the whole society, and is also the development trend of construction machinery and equipment. Crane is widely used in various industries. It is a large consumer of traditional energy and has huge energy saving potential. According to the working characteristics of hoisting machinery, a great deal of regenerative energy will be generated with the change of potential energy in the process of heavy load dropping. It is of great social and economic significance to study how to fully recycle and utilize renewable energy to reduce environmental pollution, reduce the cost of enterprises, improve the competitiveness of enterprises and so on. In this paper, the application background and energy saving measures of lifting machinery are introduced, the research and application of hybrid power technology are briefly summarized, and the research status of hybrid electric crane is analyzed and compared in depth. It lays a foundation for further research in this paper. The energy flow and energy consumption of the traditional crane system are analyzed in depth, and the huge energy saving potential and key energy saving links of the system are obtained, which is taken as the breakthrough point to excavate the energy saving demand of the system. The principle requirement of energy storage system is defined, and the basic structure of multi-power source mixing is determined. Secondly, the characteristics of engine and energy storage device are studied in depth, which provides the basis for the formulation of energy control strategy. A hybrid structure composed of super capacitor and battery is proposed, which can be used as energy storage system to recover regenerative energy, as well as auxiliary power source, in conjunction with diesel generator set, to supply energy when lifting heavy objects. Then, the overall design of the system is carried out based on the multi-power source hybrid scheme composed of diesel engine-super capacitor-battery. The control strategies of diesel generator set, composite power supply, bidirectional DC-DC converter and energy consumption braking resistance are established. Based on the energy control strategy and the hardware structure of the power drive system, the parameter selection of generator sets and energy storage components is studied. Finally, the simulation model of key components of multi-power hybrid crane system is established, and the system assembly model is constructed according to the system structure and control strategy. The feasibility of hybrid drive of supercapacitor / battery combined power supply and diesel generator set and the effectiveness of energy control strategy are verified by simulation analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TH21

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