【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會的持續(xù)發(fā)展，資源和環(huán)境壓力日趨加重，節(jié)能降耗已成為全社會的共識，也是工程機械設(shè)備的發(fā)展趨勢。起重機在各行各業(yè)有著廣泛的應(yīng)用，是傳統(tǒng)能源的消耗大戶，同時也有著巨大的節(jié)能潛力。從起重機械的作業(yè)特點來看，重物下放過程中，隨著位能的變化，會產(chǎn)生大量的再生能量。研究如何充分回收利用再生能量，對減輕環(huán)境污染、降低企業(yè)成本、提高企業(yè)競爭力等非常有利，具有重要的社會意義和經(jīng)濟(jì)意義。 本文首先闡述了起重機械的應(yīng)用背景和常見節(jié)能措施，簡要概括了混合動力技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用情況，深入分析對比了混合動力起重機的研究現(xiàn)狀，為本文的進(jìn)一步研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。對傳統(tǒng)起重機系統(tǒng)的能量流向和能耗情況進(jìn)行了深入的分析，得出系統(tǒng)巨大的節(jié)能潛力和關(guān)鍵節(jié)能環(huán)節(jié)，以此為切入點挖掘出系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能需求，并明確了對儲能系統(tǒng)的原則要求，確定了本文多動力源混合所采用的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。 其次，對發(fā)動機和儲能器件的特性進(jìn)行了深入研究，為能量控制策略的制定提供了依據(jù)。提出了超級電容和蓄電池組成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，它既可以作為儲能系統(tǒng)回收再生能量，又可作為輔助動力源，配合柴油發(fā)電機組，在提升重物時供能。 然后，基于柴油機-超級電容-蓄電池組成的多動力源混合方案，，進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計。對起重作業(yè)工作循環(huán)中的不同工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行了劃分，制定了不同工作狀態(tài)下柴油發(fā)電機組、復(fù)合電源、雙向DC-DC變換器和能耗制動電阻的控制策略�；谀芰靠刂撇呗院蛣恿︱�(qū)動系統(tǒng)的硬件構(gòu)成，研究了發(fā)電機組和儲能元件的參數(shù)選配。 最后，建立了多動力源混合起重機系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵部件的仿真模型，并根據(jù)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成和控制策略，構(gòu)建了系統(tǒng)總成模型。通過仿真分析，驗證了超級電容/蓄電池復(fù)合電源與柴油發(fā)電機組混合驅(qū)動的可行性和能量控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the sustainable development of economy and society in China, the pressure of resources and environment is becoming more and more serious. Energy saving and consumption reduction has become the consensus of the whole society, and is also the development trend of construction machinery and equipment. Crane is widely used in various industries. It is a large consumer of traditional energy and has huge energy saving potential. According to the working characteristics of hoisting machinery, a great deal of regenerative energy will be generated with the change of potential energy in the process of heavy load dropping. It is of great social and economic significance to study how to fully recycle and utilize renewable energy to reduce environmental pollution, reduce the cost of enterprises, improve the competitiveness of enterprises and so on. In this paper, the application background and energy saving measures of lifting machinery are introduced, the research and application of hybrid power technology are briefly summarized, and the research status of hybrid electric crane is analyzed and compared in depth. It lays a foundation for further research in this paper. The energy flow and energy consumption of the traditional crane system are analyzed in depth, and the huge energy saving potential and key energy saving links of the system are obtained, which is taken as the breakthrough point to excavate the energy saving demand of the system. The principle requirement of energy storage system is defined, and the basic structure of multi-power source mixing is determined. Secondly, the characteristics of engine and energy storage device are studied in depth, which provides the basis for the formulation of energy control strategy. A hybrid structure composed of super capacitor and battery is proposed, which can be used as energy storage system to recover regenerative energy, as well as auxiliary power source, in conjunction with diesel generator set, to supply energy when lifting heavy objects. Then, the overall design of the system is carried out based on the multi-power source hybrid scheme composed of diesel engine-super capacitor-battery. The control strategies of diesel generator set, composite power supply, bidirectional DC-DC converter and energy consumption braking resistance are established. Based on the energy control strategy and the hardware structure of the power drive system, the parameter selection of generator sets and energy storage components is studied. Finally, the simulation model of key components of multi-power hybrid crane system is established, and the system assembly model is constructed according to the system structure and control strategy. The feasibility of hybrid drive of supercapacitor / battery combined power supply and diesel generator set and the effectiveness of energy control strategy are verified by simulation analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TH21

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