【摘要】：起重機(jī)是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)線中承擔(dān)物料搬運(yùn)工作的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,起重機(jī)的需求量越來越大,發(fā)生事故的幾率也越來越高,因此,起重機(jī)可靠性問題成為產(chǎn)品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的焦點(diǎn)。要保證起重機(jī)的可靠運(yùn)行需從三個(gè)階段著手,設(shè)計(jì)階段、生產(chǎn)階段和使用階段,其中設(shè)計(jì)階段尤為重要。傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法是許用應(yīng)力法,它將影響結(jié)構(gòu)安全的各種參數(shù)假設(shè)為定值,這種假設(shè)并不符合工程實(shí)際情況。為此,國內(nèi)外標(biāo)準(zhǔn)均提出了概率極限狀態(tài)法,認(rèn)為載荷、材料性質(zhì)等參數(shù)具有隨機(jī)性,實(shí)踐證明如此處理更符合實(shí)際情況。本文借助概率論與數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)、隨機(jī)過程理論及工程結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性理論,研究了橋式起重機(jī)的吊重載荷過程、小車位移過程及概率極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)法中的分項(xiàng)系數(shù),主要內(nèi)容如下: 首先,在不同噸位的橋式起重機(jī)上安裝數(shù)據(jù)記錄儀,采集吊重載荷、小車位置等運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù),從而得到監(jiān)測(cè)時(shí)間內(nèi)的載荷時(shí)間歷程。在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合前人的研究成果,研究適合我國橋式起重機(jī)使用情況的吊重載荷譜; 其次,借用極值統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)得出設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)期壽命內(nèi)吊重載荷的極值分布,從而可由監(jiān)測(cè)時(shí)間內(nèi)的運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)推導(dǎo)出起重機(jī)在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)期壽命內(nèi)的分布規(guī)律; 最后,采用Monte Carlo法模擬得到了橋式起重機(jī)應(yīng)力譜,在此基礎(chǔ)上計(jì)算出概率極限狀態(tài)法的分項(xiàng)系數(shù),最后給出了用于橋式起重機(jī)的概率極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)表達(dá)式,并通過一定的實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了表達(dá)式的正確性。研究結(jié)果為我國起重機(jī)相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的進(jìn)一步完善提供了一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Crane is the key equipment of material handling in industrial production line. With the development of industry, the demand of crane is increasing, and the probability of accident is becoming higher and higher. Crane reliability has become the focus of product competition. In order to ensure the reliable operation of the crane, it is necessary to start from three stages: design stage, production stage and use stage, among which the design stage is particularly important. The traditional design method is the allowable stress method, which hypothesizes all kinds of parameters which affect the safety of the structure. This assumption does not accord with the actual engineering situation. For this reason, the probabilistic limit state method has been put forward in domestic and foreign standards. It is considered that the parameters such as load and material properties are random, and it is proved that this method is more suitable to the actual situation. With the help of probability theory, mathematical statistics, stochastic process theory and reliability theory of engineering structure, this paper studies the partial coefficients of the lifting load process, the displacement process of the trolley and the probability limit state design method of the bridge crane. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the data recorder is installed on the bridge crane with different tonnage, and the load and the vehicle position are collected, and the load time history in the monitoring time is obtained. On this basis, combined with the previous research results, the lifting load spectrum suitable for the use of bridge cranes in China is studied. Secondly, the extreme value distribution of the lifting load in the design life is obtained by using extreme value statistics. Thus, the distribution law of crane in the whole design life can be deduced from the running data of monitoring time. Finally, the stress spectrum of bridge crane is obtained by using Monte Carlo method. On this basis, the partial coefficients of probabilistic limit state method are calculated. At last, the expression of probabilistic limit state design for bridge crane is given, and the correctness of the expression is verified by a certain example. The results provide a theoretical basis for the further improvement of crane standards in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH215

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 王建華;橋式起重機(jī)主梁結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)變可靠性評(píng)估方法研究[D];太原科技大學(xué);2012年

2 王振雨;載荷譜編制中極值載荷確定方法及應(yīng)用[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2140926