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  本文選題：激光誘導熱成形　切入點：交叉筋壁板　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：整體壁板式艙體結構具有結構效率高、密封性能好等優(yōu)點,是航天器密封艙體的最佳選擇。帶筋壁板的彎曲成形是艙體制造過程中的關鍵步驟,目前常用的成形方法如壓彎成形、時效蠕變成形等都需要通過外力和工具的配合來完成,存在成形周期長、回彈嚴重等問題。激光誘導熱成形技術是一種無模、高柔性的快速成形方法,板材的變形由熱應力誘導,不需施加外力。因此,使用激光誘導熱成形技術成形整體壁板可以大大縮短成形周期,同時減小回彈。本文主要研究5A06鋁合金交叉筋壁板的激光誘導熱成形技術。以實現(xiàn)交叉筋壁板的圓柱面成形為目標,對壁板的單道掃描成形和多道掃描成形進行了研究,提出了相應的掃描策略,并通過仿真和試驗進行了驗證。首先,建立了激光誘導熱成形的有限元模型。采用順序耦合的方法,基于有限元分析軟件ABAQUS建立了激光誘導熱成形的有限元模型,通過溫度場和位移場對模型的有效性進行了驗證,為定量研究交叉筋壁板的變形過程奠定了基礎。其次,對交叉筋壁板網(wǎng)格區(qū)的單道掃描成形行為進行了研究。分析了掃描過程中溫度場和應力應變場的變化規(guī)律,揭示了壁板非期望變形產(chǎn)生的原因;仿真分析了激光功率、掃描速度、光斑直徑、掃描次數(shù)和掃描線距自由端的距離對壁板成形的影響,為合理選擇掃描參數(shù)提供了依據(jù);為提高網(wǎng)格區(qū)掃描成形的形狀精度,提出了變功率掃描、局部多次掃描、外力輔助掃描和綜合掃描等掃描策略,通過仿真比較了各種策略對非期望變形的抑制效果,并通過試驗驗證了最優(yōu)策略。最后,對交叉筋壁板多道掃描成形圓柱面的相關問題進行了研究。通過仿真分析了邊緣區(qū)掃描和筋部掃描時壁板的成形特點,討論了掃描方式對壁板成形的影響;針對多道掃描過程中非期望變形的累積效應,提出一種筋部掃描策略來減小自由端的縱向彎曲程度;規(guī)劃了交叉筋壁板多道掃描成形圓柱面的掃描流程和掃描策略,并進行了成形試驗,較好地實現(xiàn)圓柱面彎曲成形。
[Abstract]:The integral wall plate bulkhead structure has the advantages of high structural efficiency and good sealing performance, so it is the best choice for the spacecrafts to seal the cabin. The bending and forming of the stiffened panel is the key step in the manufacturing process of the bulkhead. The commonly used forming methods, such as bending forming and aging creep forming, need to be completed by the cooperation of external forces and tools, and there are many problems such as long forming period and severe springback. Laser induced hot forming is a kind of die less forming technology. In high flexible rapid prototyping, the deformation of sheet metal is induced by thermal stress without external force. Therefore, the forming period of the whole wall plate can be greatly shortened by laser induced hot forming technology. At the same time, the springback is reduced. In this paper, the laser induced hot forming technology of 5A06 aluminum alloy cross-bar wall plate is studied. The single-pass scanning forming and multi-channel scanning forming of the cross-stiffened plate are studied in order to realize the cylindrical forming of the cross-stiffened plate. The corresponding scanning strategy is proposed and verified by simulation and experiment. Firstly, the finite element model of laser-induced thermal forming is established, and the sequential coupling method is used. Based on the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, the finite element model of laser-induced thermal forming is established. The validity of the model is verified by the temperature field and displacement field, which lays a foundation for the quantitative study of the deformation process of cross-stiffened panels. In this paper, the behavior of single channel scanning forming in the grid region of cross-stiffened slabs is studied. The variation law of temperature field and stress-strain field during the scanning process is analyzed, and the causes of the undesired deformation of the panel are revealed, and the laser power is simulated and analyzed. The influence of scanning speed, spot diameter, scanning times and distance from the free end of scanning line to the forming of the wall plate provides the basis for the reasonable selection of scanning parameters, and in order to improve the shape accuracy of the mesh area scanning, the variable power scanning is proposed. Some scanning strategies, such as local multiple scanning, external force assisted scanning and comprehensive scanning, are used to simulate and compare the effects of various strategies on the suppression of unexpected deformation, and the optimal strategy is verified by experiments. Finally, In this paper, the problems related to the multi-channel scanning forming of cross-stiffened panels are studied. The forming characteristics of the plates during the edge scanning and the reinforcement scanning are analyzed by simulation, and the influence of the scanning mode on the forming of the plates is discussed. In view of the cumulative effect of non-expected deformation during multi-channel scanning, a reinforcement scanning strategy is proposed to reduce the longitudinal bending degree of free end, and the scanning process and scanning strategy for multi-channel scanning cylindrical surface of cross-stiffened slabs are planned. The forming test is carried out, and the bending forming of cylindrical surface is realized well.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG665

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本文編號：1685439