發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-27 19:34

  本文選題：聲發(fā)射特征參數(shù)　切入點(diǎn)：塑性變形　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：從微觀與宏觀角度對(duì)材料各方面性能進(jìn)行研究是目前研究材料領(lǐng)域中的一個(gè)重要手段和方法。在傳統(tǒng)材料力學(xué)測(cè)量手段中僅能實(shí)現(xiàn)材料基本力學(xué)性能的測(cè)量,難以實(shí)時(shí)探究材料內(nèi)部過(guò)程變化。材料在內(nèi)力或者外力作用下會(huì)釋放出彈性波,聲發(fā)射源釋放的彈性波攜帶有大量關(guān)于材料變形過(guò)程的相關(guān)信息,通過(guò)對(duì)聲發(fā)射信號(hào)的分析能夠追蹤材料內(nèi)部活動(dòng)規(guī)律。本論文針對(duì)石油行業(yè)常用的兩種金屬材料(L360及35CrMo),使用聲發(fā)射技術(shù)研究了單軸拉伸過(guò)程的力學(xué)性能與聲發(fā)射特征參數(shù)的關(guān)系,建立了兩種材料的聲發(fā)射特征參數(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)資料。使用聲發(fā)射參數(shù)時(shí)間歷程結(jié)合應(yīng)力曲線,構(gòu)建微觀塑性變化機(jī)制與宏觀力學(xué)響應(yīng)之間的關(guān)系,分析了各聲發(fā)射參數(shù)在描述材料拉伸過(guò)程的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步總結(jié)兩種材料拉伸過(guò)程中聲發(fā)射參數(shù)變化規(guī)律及特征。以參數(shù)變化規(guī)律及特征為依據(jù),對(duì)拉伸過(guò)程進(jìn)行了劃分,該方法與傳統(tǒng)應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線劃分結(jié)果基本一致。對(duì)兩種材料拉伸過(guò)程中的聲發(fā)射參數(shù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,引進(jìn)了皮爾森相關(guān)系數(shù)以及斯皮爾曼秩相關(guān)系數(shù)對(duì)聲發(fā)射參數(shù)相關(guān)性進(jìn)行定量描述。通過(guò)相關(guān)性分析后得到:聲發(fā)射振鈴計(jì)數(shù)、幅值與能量在整個(gè)拉伸過(guò)程中表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性。目前關(guān)于聲發(fā)射特征參數(shù)與力學(xué)性能之間定量研究的方法并不多,本論文通過(guò)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)與小波變換,使用特征參數(shù)得到了與應(yīng)力時(shí)間歷程吻合度很高的曲線,為研究聲發(fā)射特征參數(shù)與材料力學(xué)參數(shù)的定量分析提供了一定的思路。
[Abstract]:It is an important means and method to study the properties of materials in the field of materials from the micro and macro aspects. In the traditional measurement methods of material mechanics, the measurement of basic mechanical properties of materials can only be realized. It is difficult to explore the internal process of materials in real time. Elastic waves are released by internal or external forces. The elastic waves released by acoustic emission sources carry a lot of information about the deformation process of materials. In this paper, the mechanical properties and acoustic emission of two metal materials commonly used in petroleum industry, L360 and 35CrMoO, are studied by acoustic emission technique. The relationship between characteristic parameters, The experimental data of acoustic emission characteristic parameters of two kinds of materials are established. Using the time history of acoustic emission parameters and the stress curve, the relationship between the microscopic plastic change mechanism and the macroscopic mechanical response is constructed. The advantages and disadvantages of various acoustic emission parameters in describing the tensile process of materials are analyzed. On this basis, the variation law and characteristics of acoustic emission parameters in the stretching process of two kinds of materials are summarized. The tensile process is divided, and the method is in good agreement with the traditional stress-strain curve. The correlation of acoustic emission parameters in the tensile process of two kinds of materials is analyzed. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Spelman rank correlation coefficient are introduced to describe the correlation of acoustic emission parameters quantitatively. The amplitude and energy show a strong correlation in the whole stretching process. There are few methods to quantitatively study the relationship between the characteristic parameters of acoustic emission and mechanical properties. In this paper, neural networks and wavelet transform are used to study the relationship between amplitude and energy. The curve with high consistency with the stress time history is obtained by using the characteristic parameters, which provides a certain way of thinking for the quantitative analysis of the acoustic emission characteristic parameters and the mechanical parameters of materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG115

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