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  本文關鍵詞：環(huán)境因子對銅綠微囊藻生長及產(chǎn)毒的影響研究　出處：《遼寧大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 微囊藻毒素-LR 溫度 光照強度 氮 磷

【摘要】：我國處于富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)的湖泊水庫已達80%以上,它已經(jīng)嚴重威脅到生態(tài)環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。同時,大多數(shù)富營養(yǎng)化水體中優(yōu)勢藻主要為微囊藻,其中又以銅綠微囊藻(Microcysis)為主。銅綠微囊藻是一種產(chǎn)毒藻,它能產(chǎn)生微囊藻毒素,并且微囊藻毒素是毒性最高的一種藍藻毒素。一直以來很多學者都在研究水華和藻毒素發(fā)生的原因,但尚未得到較為統(tǒng)一的結論。本文以研究較多的水華藍藻-銅綠微囊藻為試驗對象,通過室內(nèi)培養(yǎng),探索溫度、光照強度、氮、磷對其生物量及產(chǎn)毒量的影響。(1)通過單因素分析方法,分別探索溫度、光照強度、總氮、總磷四個因素對銅綠微囊藻生物量以及產(chǎn)毒量的影響,每個因素分別進行23天的試驗,每隔一天測定銅綠微囊藻藻細胞密度和葉綠素a的變化情況來反應其生物量,每隔三天測定銅綠微囊藻胞內(nèi)及胞外微囊藻毒素-LR的含量。試驗表明,銅綠微囊藻在溫度為30℃、光照強度為1000 Lux時生長最快,而在25℃、500 Lux時產(chǎn)生的藻毒素含量最多;隨著培養(yǎng)基總氮濃度的升高,銅綠微囊藻生物量以及產(chǎn)藻毒素的含量增多,較低濃度的總磷就可以滿足銅綠微囊藻的生長和產(chǎn)毒;總氮濃度為60 mg·L-1,總磷濃度為0.6 mg·L-1,氮磷比100:1時,最適合銅綠微囊藻生長和產(chǎn)毒。綜上也可以發(fā)現(xiàn)最適合銅綠微囊藻的產(chǎn)毒條件不同于其最佳的生長條件。(2)在單因素探索的基礎上,采用四因素三水平的正交試驗方法,研究溫度、光照強度、總氮、總磷不同水平組合下銅綠微囊藻生物量以及產(chǎn)毒量的變化情況。銅綠微囊藻進行為期29天的試驗,每隔一天測定其藻細胞密度和藻液吸光度來反應其生物量變化,每隔三天測定其產(chǎn)生微囊藻毒素-LR的含量。試驗結果表明,四個因素對銅綠微囊藻生長的影響順序:光照強度�e溫度�e總氮�e總磷;光照強度對銅綠微囊藻的生長具有顯著影響,而溫度、總氮、總磷對銅綠微囊藻的生長沒有顯著影響;四因素對銅綠微囊藻產(chǎn)毒量影響最顯著的條件為光照強度,其次為總磷和總氮,影響程度最小的為溫度;銅綠微囊藻產(chǎn)毒量隨著總磷濃度的增加呈現(xiàn)先增大后降低的趨勢,本試驗最適合其產(chǎn)毒的總磷濃度為0.6 mg·L-1,銅綠微囊藻產(chǎn)毒量隨著光照強度、溫度和總氮的降低而增加,最適合其產(chǎn)毒的光照強度為200 Lux,溫度為22℃,總氮濃度為20 mg·L-1。
[Abstract]:The lake and reservoir in the state of eutrophication in China have reached more than 80%, which has seriously threatened the sustainable development of the ecological environment. At the same time, the Dominant Algae in most eutrophic water bodies are Microcystis, among them, Microcystis aeruginosa (Microcysis) is the main type of algae. Microcystis aeruginosa is a kind of poisonous algae, it can produce microcystin, and microcystin is the most toxic cyanobacteria toxin. Many scholars have been studying the causes of the occurrence of blooms and alga toxins, but have not yet obtained a more unified conclusion. In this paper, we studied the influence of temperature, light intensity, nitrogen and phosphorus on biomass and yield of microalgae, which were studied more in water bloom, cyanobacteria and Microcystis aeruginosa. (1) by using single factor analysis method, respectively explore the temperature, light intensity, total nitrogen and total phosphorus four factors on Microcystis biomass and toxin production, each factor test was carried out for 23 days, every day the determination of changes of Microcystis aeruginosa algal cell density and chlorophyll a in response to the biomass, the content of every three days by Microcystis aeruginosa intracellular and extracellular microcystin -LR. The test showed that Microcystis aeruginosa at the temperature of 30 DEG, the light intensity of 1000 Lux growth is the fastest, most of the toxin content produced at 25 DEG C and 500 Lux; with the increase of total nitrogen concentration in culture medium, the biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa increased and the content of microcystins, total phosphorus concentration is low you can meet the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and toxin production; the total nitrogen concentration of 60 mg L-1, total phosphorus concentration of 0.6 mg L-1, nitrogen and phosphorus ratio of 100:1, the most suitable for the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and toxin production. It is also found that the most suitable conditions for the production of Microcystis aeruginosa are different from the best growth conditions. (2) on the basis of single factor exploration, four factors and three levels of orthogonal test were used to study the changes of biomass and yield of Microcystis aeruginosa under different combinations of temperature, light intensity, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Microcystis aeruginosa was tested for 29 days. The algal cell density and algal fluid absorbance were measured every other day to reflect their biomass changes. The content of microcystin -LR was measured every three days. Experimental results show that the effect of the order of four factors on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa: light intensity? Temperature? Total nitrogen? Phosphorus; light intensity on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa has significant effect, while there was no significant effect of temperature, total nitrogen and total phosphorus on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa; effects of four factors on Microcystis aeruginosa virus yield of light intensity was the most significant, followed by the total nitrogen and total phosphorus, the minimal impact of temperature; Microcystis aeruginosa toxin production with increased at first and then decreased total phosphorus concentration increased, the most suitable for its toxin producing the total phosphorus concentration of 0.6 mg L-1, Microcystis aeruginosa algal toxin production increases with the decrease of light intensity, temperature and total nitrogen, the most suitable for the toxin production of light intensity is 200 Lux, the temperature is 22 DEG C, total nitrogen concentration of 20 mg L-1.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X524

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