發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-15 15:25

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：膠州灣表層海水中的正構(gòu)烷烴及其來(lái)源解析　出處：《環(huán)境科學(xué)》2017年07期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 正構(gòu)烷烴 來(lái)源 污染評(píng)價(jià) 表層海水 膠州灣

【摘要】：正構(gòu)烷烴是自然界中普遍存在的有機(jī)物質(zhì),其組成和分布與人類活動(dòng)密切相關(guān),是表征有機(jī)污染物來(lái)源的良好標(biāo)志物.用氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)對(duì)2016年4月膠州灣表層海水中的正構(gòu)烷烴進(jìn)行檢測(cè),首次報(bào)道了膠州灣表層海水中正構(gòu)烷烴的分布特征及來(lái)源解析.結(jié)果表明,其含量在1.756~39.09μg·L~(-1)之間,主要由連續(xù)分布的C11~C_(37)正構(gòu)烷烴同系物組成,沒有明顯的奇偶優(yōu)勢(shì),但碳數(shù)為C_(21)~C_(33)的正構(gòu)烷烴約占總正構(gòu)烷烴的95.0%.膠州灣表層海水中正構(gòu)烷烴的高值區(qū)以灣口為主,在灣內(nèi)東北部和西部也有出現(xiàn),這一分布特征與膠州灣東北部和西部河流帶來(lái)的工業(yè)廢水、生活污水和灣口碼頭附近的船舶航運(yùn)帶來(lái)的正構(gòu)烷烴輸入有關(guān).水交換較為充分的灣中部和灣外海域正構(gòu)烷烴總量在1.756~2.842μg·L~(-1)之間,平均值為2.196μg·L~(-1),可視為膠州灣正構(gòu)烷烴的環(huán)境背景值.其碳數(shù)分布有明顯的C_(24)主碳峰,前峰群有微弱的奇碳優(yōu)勢(shì),后峰群有微弱的偶碳優(yōu)勢(shì),表明這部分正構(gòu)烷烴以藻類和海洋細(xì)菌等生物自生輸入為主.人類活動(dòng)對(duì)膠州灣的影響很大,輸入的正構(gòu)烷烴主要集中在灣口及灣內(nèi)近岸海域,由C_(21)~C_(33)正構(gòu)烷烴同系物組成,呈現(xiàn)出有微弱偶碳優(yōu)勢(shì)的后峰群?jiǎn)畏逍畏植继卣?代表高度風(fēng)化的石油類污染物.其含量在9.606~39.09μg·L~(-1)之間,約占膠州灣總正構(gòu)烷烴量的83.7%.整體來(lái)看,膠州灣表層海水對(duì)正構(gòu)烷烴的去除機(jī)制以蒸發(fā)、稀釋等物理風(fēng)化過(guò)程為主,從灣內(nèi)向?yàn)惩怙L(fēng)化強(qiáng)度增大.
[Abstract]:Normal alkanes are common organic substances in nature. Their composition and distribution are closely related to human activities. It is a good marker to characterize the source of organic pollutants. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (chromatography-mass spectrometry) is used to characterize the source of organic pollutants. In April 2016, the normal alkanes in the surface water of Jiaozhou Bay were detected by GC-MS.The distribution and source analysis of normal alkanes in the surface water of Jiaozhou Bay were reported for the first time. Its content is in the range of 1.756 ~ 39.09 渭 g 路L ~ (-1), which is mainly composed of C _ (11) C _ (17) C _ (37)) homologues of n-alkanes, which have no obvious parity and even advantage. However, the normal alkanes with a carbon number of Che / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C / C. It is also found in the northeast and west of the bay, which is related to the industrial wastewater from the rivers in the northeast and west of Jiaozhou Bay. Domestic sewage is related to normal alkane input from shipping near the bay port. The total amount of normal alkanes in the middle of the bay and outside the bay is 1.756 ~ 2.842 渭 g 路L ~ (-1). Between-1). The average value is 2.196 渭 g 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1), which can be regarded as the environmental background value of n-alkanes in Jiaozhou Bay. The latter peak group has a weak even carbon advantage, which indicates that the n-alkanes are mainly derived from algae and marine bacteria, and human activities have a great influence on Jiaozhou Bay. The imported normal alkanes are mainly concentrated in the bay mouth and inshore waters, and are composed of C _ (J) 21 / C ~ (3)) n-alkanes homologues, showing a single peak distribution feature of the hind peak group with weak even carbon advantage. It represents highly weathered petroleum pollutants, the content of which is between 9.606 渭 g 路L ~ (-1) and 39.09 渭 g 路L ~ (-1), which accounts for 83.7% of the total n-alkanes in Jiaozhou Bay. The removal mechanism of n-alkanes in the surface water of Jiaozhou Bay is mainly physical weathering process such as evaporation and dilution.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院海洋生態(tài)與環(huán)境科學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(中國(guó)科學(xué)院海洋研究所);中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)地球科學(xué)學(xué)院;青島海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室海洋生態(tài)與環(huán)境科學(xué)功能實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41376092) 青島海洋國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室“鰲山人才”計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015ASTP-OS13)
【分類號(hào)】：X55
【正文快照】： 北京100049;3.青島海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室海洋生態(tài)與環(huán)境科學(xué)功能實(shí)驗(yàn)室,青島266237)正構(gòu)烷烴是一類直鏈飽和碳?xì)浠�合�?在自然界中普遍存在[1],它們的組成和分布與人類活動(dòng)密切相關(guān).進(jìn)入水環(huán)境的正構(gòu)烷烴不但對(duì)水生生物有明顯的毒害作用,而且會(huì)隨著地球化學(xué)循環(huán)過(guò)程危及人

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