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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：膠州灣沉積物中硫酸鹽還原和鐵異化還原的影響因素研究　出處：《中國海洋大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 硫酸鹽還原 鐵異化還原 活性鐵氧化物 活性有機質(zhì) 膠州灣

【摘要】：硫酸鹽還原和鐵異化還原是近海沉積物中有機質(zhì)礦化的主要路徑，對C、S、Fe、P以及微量元素的生物地球化學循環(huán)產(chǎn)生重要影響。本研究選取膠州灣沉積物為研究對象，對于揭示半封閉的富營養(yǎng)化海灣沉積物中硫酸鹽還原和鐵異化之間的關(guān)系具有重要價值。本文通過向沉積物中添加葡萄糖、活性鐵(III)氧化物或鉬酸鹽，改變活性有機質(zhì)（即電子供體）含量、活性鐵(III)氧化物（即電子受體）含量以及對硫酸鹽還原（競爭電子受體）的抑制，并避光厭氧培養(yǎng)63天，測定沉積物固相和孔隙水中Fe（II）、Fe(III)、酸揮發(fā)性硫化物（AVS）、黃鐵礦硫（Spy）含量，定量評價對膠州灣沉積物中硫酸鹽還原和鐵異化還原的相對重要性以及活性有機質(zhì)含量和活性鐵氧化物含量對其相對重要性的影響。主要研究結(jié)果如下： （1）改變沉積物中活性鐵氧化物含量進行培養(yǎng)實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，沉積物中活性鐵氧化物含量越高，AVS和Spy的積累量越小，F(xiàn)e（II）的積累量和Fe（III）的消耗量就越大。增加沉積物中活性鐵氧化物含量，沉積物中AVS積累量可減少30%，黃鐵礦積累量可減少10%，F(xiàn)e(III)消耗量可增加6.5倍。表明在厭氧沉積環(huán)境中，較多的活性鐵氧化物可促進鐵異化還原作用，抑制硫酸鹽還原，且鐵含量越高，抑制作用更明顯。 （2）改變沉積物中活性有機質(zhì)含量進行培養(yǎng)實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，增加沉積物中活性有機質(zhì)含量，沉積物中AVS積累量可提高89%，，黃鐵礦積累量可提高66%，F(xiàn)e(III)消耗量可提高22%。表明在厭氧沉積環(huán)境中，活性有機質(zhì)含量越高，越有利于硫酸鹽還原和鐵還原，從而促進黃鐵礦的形成，且對硫酸鹽還原的促進作用更為明顯。進而推測在有機質(zhì)含量豐富的近海陸架和初級生產(chǎn)力旺盛的低緯度海域厭氧沉積環(huán)境中，較高的活性有機質(zhì)含量可能導致硫化氫大量積累，對海洋沉積生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生毒害作用。 （3）改變沉積物中活性鐵氧化物或活性有機質(zhì)含量進行培養(yǎng)實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，在富含活性有機質(zhì)的沉積物中，活性鐵氧化物含量增加1倍，F(xiàn)e（III）還原量可以提高1.4倍，黃鐵礦積累量下降28%。說明富含有機質(zhì)的沉積物中活性鐵含量的增加可以抑制硫酸鹽還原，不利于FeS向黃鐵礦的轉(zhuǎn)化。進而推測在海水養(yǎng)殖區(qū)以及水體富營養(yǎng)化等有機質(zhì)含量豐富的海洋沉積物中，增加活性鐵氧化物含量有利于Fe（II）和毒性元素的活化和遷移，能夠有效降低硫化物在水體中的積累，防止其對生物的毒害作用。 （4）改變沉積物中活性有機質(zhì)或活性鐵氧化物含量進行培養(yǎng)實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，富含活性鐵氧化物的沉積物中，活性有機質(zhì)含量增加1倍，沉積物中AVS積累量可提高2.1倍，黃鐵礦含量可提高77%，F(xiàn)e（III）消耗量可提高18%，F(xiàn)e（II）積累量減少24%。以此推測在鹽沼、紅樹林、陸架海以及河口潮灘沉積物等典型的富鐵自然沉積環(huán)境中，增加活性有機質(zhì)含量會可能會促進硫酸鹽還原和黃鐵礦的形成與積累。 （5）在硫酸鹽還原受到抑制的條件下，活性有機質(zhì)或活性鐵氧化物含量提高均可促進鐵的異化還原，且增加活性鐵氧化物含量對鐵異化還原的促進作用更加明顯。表明膠州灣沉積物中活性鐵還原主要以鐵的異化還原為主，硫酸鹽還原會受到一定程度的抑制，使沉積物中Fe（II）主要以非硫化溶解狀態(tài)存在，并與釋放的P和重金屬向上擴散，提高水體富營養(yǎng)化水平和重金屬的生物有效性。
[Abstract]:The reduction of sulfate reduction and iron alienation is the main path, mineralization of organic matter in marine sediment of C, S, Fe, P and trace elements have an important impact on the biogeochemical cycle. This study selected Jiaozhou Bay sediments as the research object, has important value to reveal the relationship between sulfate semi enclosed eutrophic Bay sediments iron reduction and alienation. In this paper, by adding glucose to the sediments, active iron (III) oxide or molybdate, change of labile organic matter (i.e. electron donor) content, the activity of iron (III) oxide (i.e. electronic receptor) content and on sulfate reduction (competitive electron acceptor) inhibition and light anaerobic culture the 63 day, Fe determination of solid phase and pore water sediment (II), Fe (III), acid volatile sulfide (AVS), sulfur (Spy) content, quantitative evaluation of sulfate reduction in the surface sediments of Jiaozhou Bay and dissimilatory iron reduction The relative importance and the effect of the content of active organic matter and the content of active iron oxide on its relative importance.
(1) training it is found that the content of active iron oxides in sediments, the higher the activity of iron oxide content in sediments, accumulation of AVS and Spy is small, Fe (II) accumulation and Fe (III) consumption amount is higher. Increase the content of active iron oxides in sediments, AVS accumulation can be 30% reduction in sediment accumulation, pyrite can be reduced to 10%, Fe (III) consumption can increase 6.5 times. That in the anaerobic sedimentary environment, the activity of iron oxide can promote more dissimilatory iron reduction, inhibiting sulfate reduction, and iron content is high, the inhibiting function is more obvious.
(2) training it is found that the content of active organic matter in the sediments, increase the content of labile organic matter in sediments, the accumulation of AVS can be increased by 89% in the sediments, pyrite accumulation can be increased by 66%, Fe (III) can improve the consumption of 22%. shows that in the anaerobic sedimentary environment, active organic matter content is higher, the more conducive to the reduction of sulfate and iron reduction, so as to promote the formation of pyrite, and to promote the role of sulfate reduction is more obvious. And that in the anaerobic sedimentary environment rich organic matter content of the offshore continental shelf and primary productivity of strong low latitude waters, activity of high organic matter content leads to the accumulation of a large number of hydrogen sulfide to produce toxic effects on the marine sedimentary environment.
(3) training was found that the change in sediment activity of iron oxide or active organic matter content in sediments rich in labile organic matter, active iron oxide content increased 1 times, Fe (III) reduction capacity can be increased by 1.4 times, indicating that the increase of pyrite decreased accumulation of 28%. active Fe content in organic rich sediments can inhibit sulfate reduction, is not conducive to the transformation. Then FeS pyrite speculated in the mariculture area and eutrophication rich in organic matter in marine sediments, and increase the activity of iron oxide content in favor of Fe (II) activation and migration and toxic elements, can effectively reduce the sulfide in the water to prevent the accumulation of the toxic effects on organisms.
(4) training was found that the change in sediment labile organic matter or active iron oxide content, the activity of iron oxide rich sediments, active organic matter content was increased by 1 times, the accumulation of AVS can be increased by 2.1 times in the sediment, pyrite content can be increased by 77%, Fe (III) consumption increased by 18%, Fe (II 24%.) accumulation reduced to speculate in the salt marsh, mangrove, iron rich natural sedimentary environment and Lu Jiahai estuary intertidal sediments typical, increased the content of active organic matter may promote the formation of sulfate reduction and pyrite and accumulation.
(5) in the sulfate reduction was inhibited under the condition of active organic matter or active iron oxide content can improve the promotion of iron and iron reduction, increase the activity of iron oxide was more pronounced on iron dissimilatory reduction role. That mainly in iron based iron reduction activity of the dissimilatory reduction of sulfate reduction in the sediments of Jiaozhou Bay, will be a certain degree of inhibition, Fe (II) in the sediment mainly exists in the non sulfide dissolved state, and with the P and release of heavy metals to improve the bioavailability of diffusion, eutrophication and heavy metals.

【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.21

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