【摘要】： CAD格式數(shù)據(jù)和GIS格式數(shù)據(jù)共享的問題,一直是GIS技術(shù)發(fā)展中核心的問題之一。CAD軟件和GIS軟件的數(shù)據(jù)模型之間存在極大的差異,導(dǎo)致了它們對同一地理實體的描述方式不一致,這是兩種格式數(shù)據(jù)難以共享的主要原因。在我國,各行業(yè)各部門的專業(yè)需求不同,制定的數(shù)據(jù)共享標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不同,這在客觀上增加了數(shù)據(jù)共享的難度。此外,傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)共享實現(xiàn)技術(shù),沒有考慮對語義的處理,或者不能保證在轉(zhuǎn)換過程中所有信息的正確性,也成為CAD與GIS數(shù)據(jù)共享中存在的問題。綜上所述,這些原因造成了相關(guān)行業(yè)部門中CAD數(shù)據(jù)和GIS數(shù)據(jù)不能共享,或者說不能及時共享,使行業(yè)之間,甚至在行業(yè)內(nèi)部形成信息孤島,極大的浪費了寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)資源。 本文從典型的CAD軟件AutoCAD和GIS軟件ArcGIS的研究入手,從數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、數(shù)據(jù)組織、拓?fù)潢P(guān)系存儲、地圖符號表達(dá)以及坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)五個角度去分析數(shù)據(jù)模型的特征,剖析了實現(xiàn)CAD與GIS數(shù)據(jù)共享的幾種傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)方法上的問題,提出了利用FME的語義轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù)解決共享問題的思路。本文以基礎(chǔ)地理信息數(shù)據(jù)為例,在CAD格式數(shù)據(jù)與GIS格式數(shù)據(jù)之間構(gòu)建映射關(guān)系表,并基于這個關(guān)系表在FME Suite的平臺上實現(xiàn)了CAD與GIS的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)的共享。通過以上理論研究和實例驗證,本文得出以下結(jié)論:數(shù)據(jù)模型的差異,是CAD和GIS的數(shù)據(jù)共享在技術(shù)上存在的主要障礙,因此首先要充分了解兩種軟件的數(shù)據(jù)模型,進(jìn)而建立模型間的映射關(guān)系;數(shù)據(jù)組織、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的混亂,是在應(yīng)用中產(chǎn)生的問題,需要各部門間建立統(tǒng)一的數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并通過質(zhì)量檢查控制的手段,保證標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的執(zhí)行;基于FME平臺實現(xiàn)GIS和CAD的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換,是解決CAD和GIS數(shù)據(jù)共享課題的行之有效的方法之一。 本文所做的研究,有助于多年積累下來的數(shù)據(jù)資源的充分利用,有助于數(shù)據(jù)的及時更新,有助于促進(jìn)CAD與GIS共享技術(shù)的發(fā)展。最后,本文對今后的研究提出了展望。
[Abstract]:The sharing of CAD format data and GIS format data has always been one of the core problems in the development of GIS technology. There are great differences between CAD software and GIS software data model, which lead to different description of the same geographic entity. This is the two formats of data difficult to share the main reason. In our country, the professional needs of different sectors are different, and the standards of data sharing are different, which increases the difficulty of data sharing objectively. In addition, the traditional data sharing technology does not consider the processing of semantics, or can not guarantee the correctness of all information in the conversion process, which is also a problem in data sharing between CAD and GIS. To sum up, these reasons cause CAD data and GIS data can not be shared in the relevant industry departments, or can not be shared in time, so that industries, even within the industry to form information island, a great waste of valuable data resources. This paper starts with the research of typical CAD software AutoCAD and GIS software ArcGIS, analyzes the characteristics of the data model from five aspects: data structure, data organization, topological relation storage, map symbol representation and coordinate system. This paper analyzes the problems in several traditional techniques and methods of realizing data sharing between CAD and GIS, and puts forward a way to solve the problem of sharing by using the semantic conversion technology of FME. This paper takes the basic geographic information data as an example, constructs the mapping relation table between CAD format data and GIS format data, and realizes the sharing of CAD and GIS basic data on the platform of FME Suite. Based on the above theoretical research and practical examples, this paper draws the following conclusions: the difference of data model is the main technical obstacle of data sharing between CAD and GIS. Therefore, we should first fully understand the data models of the two kinds of software. The confusion of data organization and standard is the problem in application, which requires the establishment of uniform data standard among different departments, and the implementation of the standard is ensured by means of quality inspection and control. The data conversion between GIS and CAD based on FME platform is one of the effective methods to solve the problem of data sharing between CAD and GIS. The research done in this paper is helpful to make full use of the data resources accumulated for many years, to update the data in time and to promote the development of the sharing technology between CAD and GIS. Finally, this paper puts forward the prospect of the future research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：P208

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本文編號：2136285