半導體激光器三維成像系統(tǒng)的設計與研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-12 15:40
【摘要】：激光由于具有單色性,相干性,方向性等優(yōu)良特性,在軍事、航天、工業(yè)和環(huán)境等眾多領域得以廣泛的應用。激光測距和成像系統(tǒng)的研究作為激光的優(yōu)勢技術之一,一直是國內外科研和工業(yè)界研究的熱點和難點技術,尤其在國防和軍工方面有著重要的應用。本文依托于北京郵電大學和航天二院項目依托,基于激光脈沖測距的理論和實驗,對半導體激光掃描三維成像技術做出研究和設計。 首先,分析激光成像的意義,國內外在激光三維成像方面的研究現狀,結合激光成像的研究發(fā)展和本項目的特點要求,開展本論文的研究和設計。通過研究激光成像技術與激光器的分類,激光雷達探測原理,激光測距原理,激光掃描成像等技術的前提下,我們選擇了脈沖激光器作為光源,利用激光脈沖測距原理,采用直接探測方式中的單像素測距,結合二維正交振鏡搭建了半導體激光三維掃描成像系統(tǒng)的硬件平臺。對半導體激光三維成像系統(tǒng)做出總體設計的前提下,分別對激光信號發(fā)射源,激光信號接收單元,激光信號掃描單元和成像控制系統(tǒng)做了進一步的探討分析。激光三維掃描成像系統(tǒng)的軟件設計包括三維數據顯示和控制,時間間隔測量系統(tǒng),二維正交振鏡及板卡控制和數據庫設計。 在系統(tǒng)設計關鍵技術方面，為消除干擾回波,本文基于終止信號采用了延時電路設計,通過測量窗口有效消除光路上任何不屬于待測目標反射回波產生的誤觸發(fā)；其次,在硬件同步設計中,對激光器、掃描振鏡和回波檢測三路啟動信號設置一定的延時,確保三部分協(xié)調工作并完成測距的數據采集；在系統(tǒng)時延過程中,由于測距開始和結束信號由兩個不同的光電探測系統(tǒng)接收,造成的時間差可以通過預先測定偏差并將之消除。
[Abstract]:Laser has been widely used in many fields, such as monochromaticity, coherence, directivity and so on. As one of the dominant technologies of laser, the research of laser ranging and imaging system has always been a hot and difficult technology in scientific research and industry at home and abroad, especially in national defense and military industry. Based on the project of Beijing University of posts and Telecommunications and the second Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, based on the theory and experiment of laser pulse ranging, the three-dimensional imaging technology of semiconductor laser scanning is studied and designed in this paper. Firstly, the significance of laser imaging, the research status of laser three-dimensional imaging at home and abroad are analyzed, and the research and design of this paper are carried out according to the research and development of laser imaging and the characteristics of this project. On the premise of studying the classification of laser imaging technology and laser, the principle of laser radar detection, the principle of laser ranging and laser scanning imaging, we choose pulse laser as the light source and utilize the principle of laser pulse ranging. The hardware platform of three-dimensional scanning imaging system of semiconductor laser is built by using single pixel ranging in direct detection and combining with two-dimensional orthogonal vibroscope. Based on the overall design of semiconductor laser three-dimensional imaging system, the laser signal transmitting source, laser signal receiving unit, laser signal scanning unit and imaging control system are discussed and analyzed. The software design of laser 3D scanning imaging system includes 3D data display and control, time interval measurement system, two-dimensional orthogonal vibrating mirror and card control and database design. In the key technology of the system design, in order to eliminate the interference echo, this paper adopts the delay circuit design based on the stop signal, and effectively eliminates the wrong trigger of any reflection echo on the optical path which does not belong to the target under test through the measurement window. Secondly, in the hardware synchronization design, the three starting signals of laser, scanning mirror and echo detection are set up with a certain delay to ensure the coordination of the three parts and complete the data acquisition of ranging. In the process of system delay, because the ranging start and end signals are received by two different photoelectric detection systems, the time difference can be determined in advance and eliminated.
【學位授予單位】：北京郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN248.4
本文編號：2475491
[Abstract]:Laser has been widely used in many fields, such as monochromaticity, coherence, directivity and so on. As one of the dominant technologies of laser, the research of laser ranging and imaging system has always been a hot and difficult technology in scientific research and industry at home and abroad, especially in national defense and military industry. Based on the project of Beijing University of posts and Telecommunications and the second Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, based on the theory and experiment of laser pulse ranging, the three-dimensional imaging technology of semiconductor laser scanning is studied and designed in this paper. Firstly, the significance of laser imaging, the research status of laser three-dimensional imaging at home and abroad are analyzed, and the research and design of this paper are carried out according to the research and development of laser imaging and the characteristics of this project. On the premise of studying the classification of laser imaging technology and laser, the principle of laser radar detection, the principle of laser ranging and laser scanning imaging, we choose pulse laser as the light source and utilize the principle of laser pulse ranging. The hardware platform of three-dimensional scanning imaging system of semiconductor laser is built by using single pixel ranging in direct detection and combining with two-dimensional orthogonal vibroscope. Based on the overall design of semiconductor laser three-dimensional imaging system, the laser signal transmitting source, laser signal receiving unit, laser signal scanning unit and imaging control system are discussed and analyzed. The software design of laser 3D scanning imaging system includes 3D data display and control, time interval measurement system, two-dimensional orthogonal vibrating mirror and card control and database design. In the key technology of the system design, in order to eliminate the interference echo, this paper adopts the delay circuit design based on the stop signal, and effectively eliminates the wrong trigger of any reflection echo on the optical path which does not belong to the target under test through the measurement window. Secondly, in the hardware synchronization design, the three starting signals of laser, scanning mirror and echo detection are set up with a certain delay to ensure the coordination of the three parts and complete the data acquisition of ranging. In the process of system delay, because the ranging start and end signals are received by two different photoelectric detection systems, the time difference can be determined in advance and eliminated.
【學位授予單位】：北京郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN248.4
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