【摘要】：隨著光纖通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的快速發(fā)展,現(xiàn)有單模光纖的通信容量已接近其香農(nóng)極限,逐漸無法滿足當今信息日益增長的需求。模分復(fù)用技術(shù)可以很好地解決光纖通信容量日益飽和這一問題,而少模光纖則是模分復(fù)用系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵器件。纖芯內(nèi)支持一定數(shù)量模式傳輸?shù)墓饫w,稱為少模光纖。少模光纖與單模光纖相比的一大優(yōu)點是可以采用模分復(fù)用技術(shù)來增大少模光纖的傳輸容量;同時,少模光纖結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)在合理范圍內(nèi)的改變,可以控制光纖中傳導(dǎo)模式的數(shù)量,有效地降低模式色散和模間串擾。此外,少模光纖還可應(yīng)用于光纖光柵和光纖傳感等領(lǐng)域。為了獲得一種適合于工作在1550nm波長的Bragg少模光纖,本文提出了一種工作波長為1550nm的Bragg少模光纖,通過分析Bragg光纖的損耗來源以及材料特性,選取SiO2和Si作為Bragg光纖包層材料,并確定其包層晶格周期為4μm。利用基于全矢量有限元法(FEM)的仿真軟件COMSOL Multiphysics進行仿真計算,從傳輸容量和模式損耗兩方面考慮,對空心Bragg少模光纖的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化,當Bragg光纖結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)為:纖芯內(nèi)徑為9.3μm,包層直徑為117.6μm,包層周期數(shù)為13,晶格周期為4μm,SiO2和Si介質(zhì)層的厚度分別為2.9μm和1.1μm,包層第一周期為4.15μm時,實現(xiàn)了其在1550nm的大容量、低損耗傳輸,可以同時傳輸7個線偏振模式,其中6個線偏振模式的損耗低于0.01 dB/m且LP31模損耗低至1.8E-4dB/m,優(yōu)于已有的少模光纖的性能。考慮到制備工藝的不完善性,本文分析了在Bragg光纖制備過程中可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)誤差,如纖芯大小或形狀發(fā)生改變、纖芯與包層圓心發(fā)生偏離。仿真結(jié)果表明,以上結(jié)構(gòu)誤差均會使Bragg光纖傳輸容量減小,損耗增大,且隨著結(jié)構(gòu)誤差的增大,Bragg光纖原有的性能急劇劣化。因此在光纖制備過程中應(yīng)盡量避免引入較大的結(jié)構(gòu)誤差,影響B(tài)ragg光纖原有的大容量、低損耗特性。研究結(jié)果對指導(dǎo)Bragg少模光纖制備,避免制備過程中的誤差對光纖性能產(chǎn)生影響具有重要意義;同時可以加快Bragg少模光纖以及相關(guān)模分復(fù)用系統(tǒng)的實用化進程,使光纖通信容量進一步提高。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of optical fiber communication network, the communication capacity of the existing single-mode optical fiber is close to its Shannon limit and can not meet the increasing demand of information. Mode division multiplexing technology can solve the problem of increasing saturation of optical fiber communication capacity, and less mode fiber is the key device in mode division multiplexing system. The fiber in the core that supports a certain number of modes of transmission is called a small mode fiber. One of the advantages of low-mode fiber compared with single-mode fiber is that mode division multiplexing technique can be used to increase the transmission capacity of low-mode fiber, and the number of conduction modes can be controlled by changing the structural parameters of low-mode fiber within a reasonable range. Mode dispersion and inter-mode crosstalk are effectively reduced. In addition, the low-mode fiber can also be used in fiber grating and fiber sensing and other fields. In order to obtain a kind of Bragg low-mode fiber suitable for working at 1550nm wavelength, a kind of Bragg low-mode fiber with working wavelength of 1550nm is proposed in this paper. By analyzing the source of loss and material characteristics of Bragg fiber, SiO2 and Si are selected as the cladding materials of Bragg fiber. The cladding lattice period is determined to be 4 渭 m. The simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics based on full-vector finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate and calculate the structural parameters of hollow Bragg low-mode fiber from the aspects of transmission capacity and mode loss. When the structure parameters of Bragg fiber are as follows: core diameter 9.3 渭 m, cladding diameter 117.6 渭 m, cladding cycle number 13, lattice cycle 4 渭 m and Si dielectric thickness 2.9 渭 m and 1.1 渭 m, respectively. Seven linear polarization modes can be transmitted at the same time. The loss of six linear polarization modes is less than 0. 01 dB/m and the loss of LP31 mode is as low as 1. 8 E-4 dB / m, which is superior to the performance of the existing low mode fiber. Considering the imperfection of the fabrication process, the possible structural errors in the fabrication of Bragg fiber are analyzed, such as the change of the core size or shape, and the deviation between the core and the core of the cladding. The simulation results show that the structural errors above can reduce the transmission capacity and increase the loss of Bragg fiber, and with the increase of structural error, the original performance of Bragg fiber will deteriorate sharply. Therefore, large structural errors should be avoided in the fabrication process of Bragg fiber, which will affect the original large capacity and low loss characteristics of Bragg fiber. The research results have important significance to guide the preparation of Bragg low-mode fiber and avoid the influence of errors in the fabrication process on the performance of fiber, and can accelerate the practical process of Bragg low-mode fiber and related mode-division multiplexing system. The capacity of optical fiber communication is further improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN253

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