基于科技館展品設(shè)計(jì)—激光干涉衍射儀設(shè)計(jì)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 06:22
【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)的不斷發(fā)展,科學(xué)技術(shù)的突飛猛進(jìn)以及教育水平的提高,使得科技館這一科普形式在當(dāng)代社會(huì)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,科技館已成為我國(guó)社會(huì)科教事業(yè)的重要組成部分。科技館由于能夠讓觀眾親自動(dòng)手參與,能夠模擬再現(xiàn)科學(xué)探索過(guò)程,能夠讓觀眾獲得直接經(jīng)驗(yàn)而深受公眾喜愛。展品是科技館的靈魂,是實(shí)現(xiàn)科技館展教功能的關(guān)鍵,然而,通過(guò)調(diào)研山東省內(nèi)部分科技館后發(fā)現(xiàn)科技館在展品設(shè)計(jì)上仍存在某些不足。展品設(shè)計(jì)理念相似,造成創(chuàng)新性不足;在展品的選擇和設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),過(guò)于追求高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品,而忽略了對(duì)基本學(xué)科知識(shí)的普及;科技館光學(xué)展品的整體數(shù)目較多,但類別較少,并且原理多以反射類、和折射類為主,缺少展示光的干涉、衍射原理的展品。鑒于上述分析,本人決定設(shè)計(jì)一部借用激光相干性好、亮度高等特點(diǎn),來(lái)展示光的干涉衍射特性的展品,填補(bǔ)光學(xué)類科技展品對(duì)激光技術(shù)使用的空白。本研究的研究過(guò)程如下:一、通過(guò)查閱和搜集大量的文獻(xiàn)資料,總結(jié)分析了科技館展品設(shè)計(jì)現(xiàn)狀與困難。二、對(duì)山東省科技館、濰坊市科技館、東營(yíng)市科技館、威海市科技館進(jìn)行了實(shí)地調(diào)研,調(diào)查分析了科技館展品的現(xiàn)狀與分類以及觀眾參觀學(xué)習(xí)的主要方式。三、研究學(xué)習(xí)了固體激光器、光的干涉、衍射的工作原理,完成了激光干涉衍射儀的初步設(shè)計(jì)方案。四、通過(guò)驗(yàn)證性實(shí)驗(yàn),遇到問題并針對(duì)所遇問題反復(fù)改進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn),并最終確定最佳設(shè)計(jì)方案。五、根據(jù)最終的設(shè)計(jì)方案,設(shè)計(jì)出一套采用電腦自動(dòng)控制、紅綠藍(lán)三種顏色激光定時(shí)更換、電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)光柵實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)衍射圖案的展品。六、針對(duì)展品特點(diǎn)和科技館觀眾參觀的主要方式,最終決定說(shuō)明牌同樣也采用動(dòng)態(tài)展示的方式呈現(xiàn)。七、考慮到激光的特殊性,最終選擇懸掛式動(dòng)態(tài)展示設(shè)計(jì),在展示時(shí)可以借助與展示墻體的融合,設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)秀的動(dòng)態(tài)展示空間,借助光柵的動(dòng)態(tài)衍射圖樣,來(lái)達(dá)到意想不到的視覺體驗(yàn)。八、指出在本次研究中還存在的不足,對(duì)未來(lái)的研究提出展望。經(jīng)過(guò)本研究過(guò)程,我主要得到了以下幾項(xiàng)研究成果:(一)成功的研制了一套激光干涉衍射儀,并完成了樣機(jī)的整體設(shè)計(jì)。(二)設(shè)計(jì)了三套展品說(shuō)明牌的設(shè)計(jì)方案。(三)提出了樣機(jī)展示設(shè)計(jì)方案。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science, the rapid development of science and technology and the improvement of educational level, the science and technology museum, a popular form of science and technology, has undergone earth-shaking changes in the contemporary society. Science and Technology Museum has become an important part of social science and education in China. The museum is popular with the public because it enables the audience to participate in the process of scientific exploration by hand, to simulate and reproduce the process of scientific exploration, and to enable the audience to gain direct experience. Exhibits are the soul of science and technology museum and the key to realize the function of exhibition and teaching of science and technology museum. However, through the investigation of some science and technology museums in Shandong province, it is found that there are still some deficiencies in the exhibition design of science and technology museum. The design concept of exhibits is similar, resulting in innovative deficiencies; in the selection and design of exhibits, the pursuit of high-tech products is too much, and the popularization of basic disciplines is neglected. The overall number of optical exhibits in the Science and Technology Museum is large, but the categories are relatively small. And the principle of reflection, and refraction mainly, lack of display of light interference, diffraction principle exhibits. In view of the above analysis, I have decided to design an exhibit which uses the characteristics of good laser coherence and high brightness to display the characteristics of interference diffraction of light, and fill in the blank in the use of laser technology in optical science and technology exhibits. The research process of this research is as follows: 1. Through consulting and collecting a lot of literature, the paper summarizes and analyzes the present situation and difficulties of the design of exhibits in the Science and Technology Museum. Secondly, the author carried out field investigation on Shandong Science and Technology Museum, Weifang Science and Technology Museum, Dongying Science and Technology Museum and Weihai City Science and Technology Museum, and investigated and analyzed the present situation and classification of the exhibits in the Science and Technology Museum as well as the main ways for the audience to visit and study. Thirdly, the working principle of solid-state laser, optical interference and diffraction is studied, and the preliminary design of laser interferometer is completed. Fourth, through the confirmatory experiment, meet the problem and repeatedly improve the experiment in view of the problem, and finally determine the best design scheme. Fifthly, according to the final design scheme, a set of exhibits with automatic computer control, red, green and blue laser timing replacement, motor driven grating to realize dynamic diffraction pattern is designed. Sixth, according to the characteristics of the exhibits and the main way of visitors to the museum, it is decided that the explanation plate will also be displayed dynamically. Seventh, considering the particularity of the laser, we finally choose the hanging dynamic display design. In the display, we can design excellent dynamic display space with the help of the fusion of the wall and the display wall, and use the dynamic diffraction pattern of the grating. To achieve unexpected visual experience. Eighth, points out the insufficiency in this research, and puts forward the prospect to the future research. Through this research process, I mainly obtained the following research results: (1) successfully developed a set of laser interference diffractometer, and completed the overall design of the prototype. (2) the design scheme of three sets of exhibitors is designed. (3) the design scheme of prototype display is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH744.5
本文編號(hào)：2229635
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science, the rapid development of science and technology and the improvement of educational level, the science and technology museum, a popular form of science and technology, has undergone earth-shaking changes in the contemporary society. Science and Technology Museum has become an important part of social science and education in China. The museum is popular with the public because it enables the audience to participate in the process of scientific exploration by hand, to simulate and reproduce the process of scientific exploration, and to enable the audience to gain direct experience. Exhibits are the soul of science and technology museum and the key to realize the function of exhibition and teaching of science and technology museum. However, through the investigation of some science and technology museums in Shandong province, it is found that there are still some deficiencies in the exhibition design of science and technology museum. The design concept of exhibits is similar, resulting in innovative deficiencies; in the selection and design of exhibits, the pursuit of high-tech products is too much, and the popularization of basic disciplines is neglected. The overall number of optical exhibits in the Science and Technology Museum is large, but the categories are relatively small. And the principle of reflection, and refraction mainly, lack of display of light interference, diffraction principle exhibits. In view of the above analysis, I have decided to design an exhibit which uses the characteristics of good laser coherence and high brightness to display the characteristics of interference diffraction of light, and fill in the blank in the use of laser technology in optical science and technology exhibits. The research process of this research is as follows: 1. Through consulting and collecting a lot of literature, the paper summarizes and analyzes the present situation and difficulties of the design of exhibits in the Science and Technology Museum. Secondly, the author carried out field investigation on Shandong Science and Technology Museum, Weifang Science and Technology Museum, Dongying Science and Technology Museum and Weihai City Science and Technology Museum, and investigated and analyzed the present situation and classification of the exhibits in the Science and Technology Museum as well as the main ways for the audience to visit and study. Thirdly, the working principle of solid-state laser, optical interference and diffraction is studied, and the preliminary design of laser interferometer is completed. Fourth, through the confirmatory experiment, meet the problem and repeatedly improve the experiment in view of the problem, and finally determine the best design scheme. Fifthly, according to the final design scheme, a set of exhibits with automatic computer control, red, green and blue laser timing replacement, motor driven grating to realize dynamic diffraction pattern is designed. Sixth, according to the characteristics of the exhibits and the main way of visitors to the museum, it is decided that the explanation plate will also be displayed dynamically. Seventh, considering the particularity of the laser, we finally choose the hanging dynamic display design. In the display, we can design excellent dynamic display space with the help of the fusion of the wall and the display wall, and use the dynamic diffraction pattern of the grating. To achieve unexpected visual experience. Eighth, points out the insufficiency in this research, and puts forward the prospect to the future research. Through this research process, I mainly obtained the following research results: (1) successfully developed a set of laser interference diffractometer, and completed the overall design of the prototype. (2) the design scheme of three sets of exhibitors is designed. (3) the design scheme of prototype display is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH744.5
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