【摘要】：液滴微流控技術(shù)作為一種新興的流體操控技術(shù),可以實(shí)現(xiàn)微納米級(jí)別的液滴生成,并且生成的液滴可以具有多種形式和功能,已然成為生物、化學(xué)、醫(yī)療、材料等工程應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域開發(fā)新型材料與器件的方法,其涉及應(yīng)用范圍包括單細(xì)胞分析、藥物篩選、個(gè)人洗護(hù)等。Janus型粒子作為一種雙極性粒子具有良好的兩親性,不同結(jié)構(gòu)的Janus粒子可以具有多種功能,在藥物運(yùn)輸、復(fù)合材料、MEMS器件等方面具有廣泛的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。傳統(tǒng)的Janus粒子的制備過程復(fù)雜,需用的儀器多,材料的利用率不高。利用液滴微流控的方式進(jìn)行Janus粒子的合成精簡(jiǎn)了粒子制備的過程,提高了材料的利用率,同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了不同比例Janus粒子的合成。液滴微流控芯片是一個(gè)研究平臺(tái),其目的是為各領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用提供方法。根據(jù)液滴的結(jié)構(gòu)以及功能的不同需求,需要設(shè)計(jì)不同結(jié)構(gòu)的液滴微流控芯片。針對(duì)Janus復(fù)合液滴,本文設(shè)計(jì)一種利用θ型玻璃毛細(xì)管一步生成Janus復(fù)合液滴的玻璃毛細(xì)管微流控芯片結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)此結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)金屬比例不同的Janus復(fù)合液滴制備做了以下研究。根據(jù)微通道內(nèi)兩相流的基本理論與液滴形成過程中的受力分析,推導(dǎo)了液滴大小與各相流體流速的關(guān)系式,建立了基于共軸流法的液滴生成仿真模型,對(duì)影響液滴生成大小及頻率的關(guān)鍵因素,如流體流速、表面張力進(jìn)行了模擬分析,為生成液滴的玻璃微流控芯片的設(shè)計(jì)提供支撐。根據(jù)理論分析和仿真模擬設(shè)計(jì),搭建了“一步”生成Janus復(fù)合液滴的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),分析了連續(xù)相及分散相流速對(duì)液滴大小、尺寸均勻性及生成頻率的影響;研究了Janus復(fù)合液滴中金屬所占比例與兩分散相流速的關(guān)系,實(shí)現(xiàn)了金屬比例可控的Janus復(fù)合液滴高效合成,以Janus復(fù)合液滴為結(jié)構(gòu)誘導(dǎo)劑,固化生成了金屬比例可控的Janus微球。根據(jù)非均勻電場(chǎng)中介電泳力對(duì)粒子的操控原理,分析了Janus微球在非均勻電場(chǎng)中非對(duì)稱極化現(xiàn)象、受到的負(fù)介電泳力與頻率響應(yīng)特性及電旋轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象,進(jìn)而對(duì)Janus微球在電場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況進(jìn)行了合理的分析。
[Abstract]:The droplet microfluidic technology, as a new fluid manipulation technology, can realize droplet formation at the micro and nanometer level, and the droplet generated can have many forms and functions, and has become biological, chemical and medical. Methods for developing new materials and devices in engineering applications such as materials, including single-cell analysis, drug screening, personal washing and protection, and so on. Janus particles have good amphiphilic properties as a kind of bipolar particles. Janus particles with different structures can have a variety of functions and have a wide range of applications in the fields of drug transport, composite materials, Janus devices and so on. The preparation process of traditional Janus particles is complicated, many instruments are needed, and the utilization ratio of materials is not high. The synthesis of Janus particles by droplet microfluidic method simplifies the process of particle preparation, improves the utilization ratio of materials, and realizes the synthesis of different proportions of Janus particles at the same time. Droplet microfluidic chip is a research platform, which aims to provide methods for applications in various fields. According to the different requirements of droplet structure and function, droplet microfluidic chips with different structures need to be designed. A glass capillary microfluidic chip based on 胃 type glass capillary to produce Janus composite droplets is designed for Janus composite droplets. According to this structure, the preparation of Janus composite droplets with different metal ratios is studied as follows. According to the basic theory of two-phase flow in microchannel and the analysis of force during the formation of droplets, the relationship between droplet size and flow velocity of each phase is derived, and the simulation model of droplet generation based on coaxial flow method is established. The key factors affecting the size and frequency of droplet formation, such as fluid velocity and surface tension, are simulated and analyzed, which provides support for the design of glass microfluidic chip for droplet formation. Based on the theoretical analysis and simulation design, a "one-step" experimental platform for generating Janus composite droplets was built, and the effects of flow rate of continuous phase and dispersed phase on droplet size, size uniformity and generation frequency were analyzed. The relationship between the proportion of metal in Janus composite droplets and the flow rate of two dispersed phases was studied. The high efficiency synthesis of Janus composite droplets with controllable metal ratio was realized. Janus microspheres with controllable metal ratio were prepared by solidifying Janus composite droplets as structural inducers. According to the control principle of particles by the intermediate electrophoretic force of non-uniform electric field, the asymmetric polarization phenomenon of Janus microspheres in non-uniform electric field, the negative dielectric electrophoresis force and frequency response, and the electric rotation phenomenon are analyzed. Then the motion of Janus microspheres in electric field is analyzed reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN492;O359

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本文編號(hào)：2227677