發(fā)布時間：2018-01-28 21:43

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超級電容 大電流充電 獨立電源 Boost電路 Matlab仿真 實驗室測試　出處：《昆明理工大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著移動通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展,手機已成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ�活中必不可少的通訊工具。電池是為手機提供電力的儲能裝置,其質(zhì)量直接影響到手機的使用效果和壽命。但目前常見的手機電池都有著充電時間過長以及使用壽命過短等缺點,這嚴重影響到了手機的用戶體驗效果。因而,尋找一種更高效、更穩(wěn)定、充電速度更快的獨立電源作為手機電池成了近年來的研究重點。 本文對比了超級電容、鋰電池及鎳氫電池的各項性能及其技術(shù)指標,發(fā)現(xiàn)超級電容具有重量輕、“零”記憶效應以及能大電流快速充電的優(yōu)點。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了將超級電容作為獨立電源,應用于手機負載這一設(shè)計構(gòu)思。 根據(jù)上述想法,本文根據(jù)超級電容能大電流充電這一特點設(shè)計了基于LM317三端穩(wěn)壓器以及大功率NPN型三極管D880的恒壓大電流充電電路。并通過實際硬件電路的搭建,對所設(shè)計的充電電路進行了測試。測試結(jié)果表明,該電路能實現(xiàn)4.3A的直流大電流輸出,并且能將輸出電壓穩(wěn)定在2.7V,滿足了超級電容的充電特性,驗證了該電路的實際可行性與有效性。 同時,為了驗證超級電容能作為獨立電源應用于手機的設(shè)想,通過對手機作為負載的相關(guān)技術(shù)要求的研究,針對手機工作電壓為3.7v和超級電容工作電壓為2.7V這一特點。本文在綜合分析了多種電路方案以后,選取了電路結(jié)構(gòu)較為簡單的Boost升壓電路作為超級電容獨立電源電路的主電路。同時為了使該電路能持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的輸出3.7V電壓,本文同時還設(shè)計了基于QX2304芯片以及STM8L152單片機的穩(wěn)壓電路。QX2304芯片將超級電容2.7V的輸出電壓提升到3.3V,為STM8L152單片機提供工作電源。STM8L152單片機將Boost升壓電路的輸出進行檢測,并送入單片機中,與3.7v的設(shè)定值相比較,通過PID控制算法產(chǎn)生一定占空比的PWM波輸出,調(diào)節(jié)Boost電路中開關(guān)管的通斷,從而控制Boost升壓電路的輸出電壓,將其穩(wěn)定在3.7V。 在該電路的基礎(chǔ)上,本文建立了基于Matlab/Simulink的仿真電路,通過電路的仿真,驗證了該電路的可行性。同時,在此基礎(chǔ)上,還搭建了相應的實際硬件電路并進行了實際硬件電路的實驗室測試。測試結(jié)果表明,該電路能持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的輸出3.7V的電壓值,符合設(shè)計的要求,驗證了將超級電容作為獨立電源,代替手機電池應用于手機負載這一設(shè)想的可能性。
[Abstract]:With the development of mobile communication technology, mobile phone has become an indispensable communication tool in people's daily life. Its quality has a direct impact on the use of mobile phones and life. But the current common mobile phone batteries have long charging time and too short service life shortcomings, which seriously affected the user experience effect of mobile phones. Looking for a more efficient, more stable, faster charging independent power as a mobile phone battery has become the focus of research in recent years. In this paper, the performances and technical specifications of super capacitor, lithium battery and nickel hydrogen battery are compared. It is found that super capacitor has the advantages of light weight, "zero" memory effect and rapid charge with large current. This paper presents a design idea of using super capacitor as an independent power supply for mobile phone load. According to the above ideas. In this paper, a constant voltage and high current charging circuit based on LM317 three-terminal voltage regulator and high-power NPN transistor D880 is designed according to the characteristics of super capacitor charging with high current. Build. The test results show that the high DC current output of 4.3A can be achieved, and the output voltage can be stabilized at 2.7 V, which satisfies the charging characteristics of the super capacitor. The feasibility and effectiveness of the circuit are verified. At the same time, in order to verify the super capacitor can be used as an independent power for mobile phones, through the study of mobile phone as the load of the relevant technical requirements. Aiming at the characteristics that the operating voltage of mobile phone is 3.7v and the working voltage of super capacitor is 2.7V. this paper analyzes various circuit schemes synthetically. The Boost boost circuit with simple circuit structure is selected as the main circuit of the supercapacitor independent power supply circuit, and in order to make the circuit output 3.7V voltage continuously and stably. At the same time, a stable circuit. QX2304 based on QX2304 chip and STM8L152 microcontroller is designed to increase the output voltage from 2.7V to 3.3V. The output of the Boost boost circuit is detected by the single-chip microcomputer STM8L152, which provides the working power for the STM8L152 single chip microcomputer, and is sent to the single-chip computer, and compared with the set value of 3.7v. The output of PWM wave with certain duty cycle is generated by PID control algorithm, and the on-off of switch tube in Boost circuit is adjusted to control the output voltage of Boost boost circuit. It was stabilized at 3.7 V. On the basis of this circuit, the simulation circuit based on Matlab/Simulink is established, and the feasibility of the circuit is verified by the simulation of the circuit. The experimental results show that the circuit can output 3.7V voltage continuously and meet the requirements of the design. The possibility of using super capacitor as an independent power source instead of cell phone battery for mobile phone load is verified.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM53

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本文編號：1471625