【摘要】：陶瓷基復(fù)合材料(ceramic matrix composite, CMC)擁有出色的耐高溫性,并且借助增強體的增韌改性作用,具有較高結(jié)構(gòu)強度和韌性,是作為熱防護和高溫結(jié)構(gòu)材料的理想選擇。石英陶瓷基和C/SiC陶瓷基復(fù)合材料具有較強的代表性,并且這兩種材料的制造應(yīng)用相對較多。然而在航空航天發(fā)動機、導(dǎo)彈雷達(dá)天線罩等構(gòu)件制造應(yīng)用中,陶瓷基復(fù)合材料高硬、耐磨等特征給切削加工帶來困難,且易產(chǎn)生加工缺陷。同時,由于其特殊應(yīng)用場景,結(jié)構(gòu)件往往具有非常規(guī)加工特征,如航空發(fā)動機內(nèi)部存在非回轉(zhuǎn)內(nèi)凹槽,易導(dǎo)致加工干涉；天線罩裝配需加工指定深度平底盲孔。這些問題都阻礙了陶瓷基復(fù)合材料在制造業(yè)中的規(guī)模化產(chǎn)業(yè)化應(yīng)用。本論文針對航空航天相關(guān)技術(shù)需求,開展了石英陶瓷基復(fù)合材料盲孔的螺旋銑磨加工C/SiC陶瓷基復(fù)合材料深腔內(nèi)凹槽的加工技術(shù)研究,主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下：(1)在分析了石英陶瓷基復(fù)合材料特性和盲孔鉆削難以保證加工質(zhì)量和刀具壽命原因的基礎(chǔ)上,提出并試驗研究了電鍍金剛石刀具螺旋銑磨盲孔加工方法,分析了螺旋銑孔材料去除機理。試驗結(jié)果表明：該工藝方法能夠有效改善加工切屑排出條件,降低切削熱,提高加工質(zhì)量。(2)通過石英陶瓷基復(fù)合材料螺旋銑盲孔加工工藝參數(shù)試驗,分析加工參數(shù)對切削溫度,切削力和制孔質(zhì)量的影響規(guī)律,給出了影響螺旋銑磨切削力和制孔質(zhì)量的主要因素,確定了合理可行的石英陶瓷基復(fù)合材料螺旋銑磨盲孔加工工藝規(guī)范。(3)試驗研究了C/SiC陶瓷基復(fù)合材料的可加工性,比較了不同工藝參數(shù)下切削力、加工質(zhì)量等變化規(guī)律。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)加工要求,確定合理參數(shù)范圍,為深腔內(nèi)凹槽加工裝置的研制提供了可靠的設(shè)計依據(jù)。(4)根據(jù)某C/SiC陶瓷基復(fù)合材料零件加工需求,研制了C/SiC陶瓷基復(fù)合材料深腔內(nèi)凹槽專用加工裝置,同時根據(jù)深腔內(nèi)凹槽特征結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計專用刀具和工藝流程,設(shè)計給出了合理可行的深腔內(nèi)凹槽加工走刀軌跡方案,并比較分析不同走刀方案對加工效率和切削加工穩(wěn)定性影響,為后續(xù)產(chǎn)品的加工提供了成套技術(shù)解決方案。
[Abstract]:Ceramic matrix composites (ceramic matrix composite, CMC) have excellent high temperature resistance and high structural strength and toughness by means of toughening and modification of reinforcements. It is an ideal choice for thermal protection and high temperature structural materials. Quartz ceramic matrix and C/SiC ceramic matrix composites have strong representativeness, and these two kinds of materials are widely used in manufacturing. However, in the manufacture and application of aeronautic and aerospace engine, missile radome and other components, the high hardness and wear resistance of ceramic matrix composites make machining difficult and easy to produce machining defects. At the same time, because of its special application scene, the structural parts often have unconventional machining characteristics, such as the non-rotating internal groove in the aero-engine, which can easily lead to machining interference, and the antenna cover assembly needs to process the blind hole with specified depth flat bottom. These problems hinder the industrial application of ceramic matrix composites in manufacturing industry. In order to meet the requirements of aeronautics and spaceflight related technologies, the machining technology of deep cavity grooves in C/SiC ceramic matrix composites by spiral milling and grinding with blind holes of quartz ceramic matrix composites is studied. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) based on the analysis of the characteristics of quartz ceramic matrix composites and the reasons why blind hole drilling is difficult to ensure machining quality and tool life, The machining method of spiral milling blind hole with electroplated diamond cutting tool was put forward and studied, and the removal mechanism of screw milling hole material was analyzed. The experimental results show that the process method can effectively improve the condition of chip discharge, reduce the cutting heat, and improve the machining quality. (2) through the experiments of machining parameters of quartz ceramic matrix composites by spiral milling blind hole, the effect of machining parameters on cutting temperature is analyzed. The influence law of cutting force and hole making quality is given, and the main factors influencing the cutting force and hole making quality of spiral milling mill are given. A reasonable and feasible machining procedure for spiral milling and grinding blind hole of quartz ceramic matrix composites is established. (3) the machinability of C/SiC ceramic matrix composites is studied experimentally, and the changing laws of cutting force and machining quality under different technological parameters are compared. On this basis, according to the processing requirements, the reasonable parameter range is determined, which provides a reliable design basis for the development of the deep cavity grooves machining device. (4) according to the machining requirements of a C/SiC ceramic matrix composite part, A special machining device for deep cavity grooves of C/SiC ceramic matrix composite materials was developed. According to the characteristic structure of deep cavity grooves special tools and technological process were designed and a reasonable and feasible path scheme for machining deep cavity grooves was designed. The effects of different cutting tool schemes on machining efficiency and cutting stability are compared and analyzed, which provides a complete set of technical solutions for subsequent product processing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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本文編號：2178087