我國金融深化與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的關系研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-19 10:12
【摘要】：改革開放30多年以來,我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展取得了令人矚目的成績,我國社會經(jīng)濟整體水平已經(jīng)取得了顯著提高,國內生產(chǎn)總值和人均國內生產(chǎn)總值都有了大幅度地提升。伴隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟整體水平的顯著提高,我國居民的生活和收入水平也得到了根本的改善。但與此同時在這一過程中我國城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入差距卻始終存在著不斷擴大這一問題。 而城鄉(xiāng)收入差距過大這一問題已經(jīng)成為嚴重制約我國經(jīng)濟繼續(xù)向前發(fā)展的一個十分重要的瓶頸,如果這一問題不能很好地得到解決,將成為我國改革和發(fā)展的重要障礙。在現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟中,金融是資源配置的核心,對收入分配的影響有著非常重要的作用。因此,我們對金融深化,尤其是農村金融深化的研究有特殊的意義。所以,為了分析我國金融深化和城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的關系,解決目前的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距過大問題,本文開展了相關研究。 文章在對金融深入的概念和城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的內涵進行界定的基礎上,從金融資產(chǎn)總量、金融資產(chǎn)結構、金融資產(chǎn)配置效率等三個方面對我國金融深化的現(xiàn)狀進行了分析,從基尼系數(shù)、絕對收入差距和收入差距指數(shù)等兩個方面對我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的現(xiàn)狀進行了分析。 文章將反映我國金融深化程度的以下變量：廣義貨幣供給量占GDP的比重、金融機構貸款余額占GDP的比重、金融機構貸款余額占存款余額的比重、農業(yè)貸款占金融機構貸款余額的比重等作為自變量,將反映我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的變量：城鄉(xiāng)收入差距指數(shù)作為因變量,建立了多元線性回歸模型。通過這一模型筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)：廣義貨幣供給量占GDP的比重這一反映我國金融深化程度的指標與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距指數(shù)之間存在著正相關關系,其系數(shù)為1.901938；金融機構貸款余額占GDP的比重這一變量與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距指數(shù)之間也存在著正相關關系其的系數(shù)為1.887650；農業(yè)貸款占金融機構貸款余額的比重這一變量與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距指數(shù)之間則存在著負相關關系,其系數(shù)為-3.155390；而另外一個變量金融機構貸款余額占存款余額的比重對城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響并不顯著。 文章還從農村貨幣資金配置不足、農村金融機構并沒有很好地發(fā)揮其職能、農村金融市場缺乏有效的競爭機制、農村金融創(chuàng)新不足、農村鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)缺乏資金支持、農業(yè)金融本身面臨著較為特殊的風險等幾個方面對我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距過大的原因進行了概況和總結。 針對上述存在的問題,筆者從加快農村金融發(fā)展,完善我國金融體系建設、提高金融機構運行效率、有效防止農村資金外流,使其更好地為農村服務、拓展鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)融資渠道,解決鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)資金問題、加快農村保險市場發(fā)展等幾個方面提出了縮小我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的對策和建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up more than 30 years China has made remarkable achievements in economic development the overall level of our social economy has been significantly improved the gross domestic product and per capita gross domestic product have been greatly improved. Along with the remarkable improvement of the whole level of our country's society and economy, the living and income level of our country's residents have also been fundamentally improved. But at the same time, the income gap between urban and rural residents in China has always been expanding. However, the problem of excessive income gap between urban and rural areas has become a very important bottleneck restricting the further development of our economy. If this problem can not be solved well, it will become an important obstacle to the reform and development of our country. In modern economy, finance is the core of resource allocation and plays an important role in income distribution. Therefore, our financial deepening, especially the study of rural financial deepening has special significance. Therefore, in order to analyze the relationship between financial deepening and urban-rural income gap and solve the problem of excessive urban-rural income gap, this paper carried out relevant research. On the basis of defining the concept of finance and the connotation of income gap between urban and rural areas, this paper analyzes the present situation of financial deepening in China from three aspects: the total amount of financial assets, the structure of financial assets and the efficiency of financial asset allocation. This paper analyzes the current situation of urban-rural income gap in China from Gini coefficient, absolute income gap and income gap index. The paper will reflect the following variables of the degree of financial deepening in China: the proportion of the generalized money supply to GDP, the proportion of the loan balance of the financial institutions to the GDP, the proportion of the loan balance of the financial institutions to the balance of deposits. The proportion of agricultural loans to the balance of loans of financial institutions is regarded as independent variable, and the index of urban-rural income gap is taken as dependent variable to reflect the income gap between urban and rural areas in China, and a multivariate linear regression model is established. Through this model, the author finds that there is a positive correlation between the ratio of generalized money supply to GDP, which reflects the degree of financial deepening in China, and the urban-rural income gap index, the coefficient of which is 1.901938; There is also a positive correlation between the ratio of loan balance of financial institutions to GDP and the urban-rural income gap index, the coefficient of which is 1.887650; There is a negative correlation between the ratio of agricultural loans to the loan balance of financial institutions and the urban-rural income gap index, whose coefficient is -3.155390; The other variable, the proportion of loan balance of financial institutions to the balance of deposits, has no significant effect on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The article also points out that the allocation of rural money funds is insufficient, the rural financial institutions do not give full play to their functions, the rural financial market lacks effective competition mechanism, the rural financial innovation is insufficient, and the rural township enterprises lack financial support. Agricultural finance itself faces some special risks and summarizes the reasons for the excessive income gap between urban and rural areas in China. In view of the above problems, the author tries to speed up the development of rural finance, improve the construction of our financial system, improve the operational efficiency of financial institutions, effectively prevent the outflow of rural funds, make them better serve the rural areas, and expand the financing channels of township enterprises. To solve the problem of township enterprises' funds and accelerate the development of rural insurance market, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas in China.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832;F124.7
本文編號：2411272
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up more than 30 years China has made remarkable achievements in economic development the overall level of our social economy has been significantly improved the gross domestic product and per capita gross domestic product have been greatly improved. Along with the remarkable improvement of the whole level of our country's society and economy, the living and income level of our country's residents have also been fundamentally improved. But at the same time, the income gap between urban and rural residents in China has always been expanding. However, the problem of excessive income gap between urban and rural areas has become a very important bottleneck restricting the further development of our economy. If this problem can not be solved well, it will become an important obstacle to the reform and development of our country. In modern economy, finance is the core of resource allocation and plays an important role in income distribution. Therefore, our financial deepening, especially the study of rural financial deepening has special significance. Therefore, in order to analyze the relationship between financial deepening and urban-rural income gap and solve the problem of excessive urban-rural income gap, this paper carried out relevant research. On the basis of defining the concept of finance and the connotation of income gap between urban and rural areas, this paper analyzes the present situation of financial deepening in China from three aspects: the total amount of financial assets, the structure of financial assets and the efficiency of financial asset allocation. This paper analyzes the current situation of urban-rural income gap in China from Gini coefficient, absolute income gap and income gap index. The paper will reflect the following variables of the degree of financial deepening in China: the proportion of the generalized money supply to GDP, the proportion of the loan balance of the financial institutions to the GDP, the proportion of the loan balance of the financial institutions to the balance of deposits. The proportion of agricultural loans to the balance of loans of financial institutions is regarded as independent variable, and the index of urban-rural income gap is taken as dependent variable to reflect the income gap between urban and rural areas in China, and a multivariate linear regression model is established. Through this model, the author finds that there is a positive correlation between the ratio of generalized money supply to GDP, which reflects the degree of financial deepening in China, and the urban-rural income gap index, the coefficient of which is 1.901938; There is also a positive correlation between the ratio of loan balance of financial institutions to GDP and the urban-rural income gap index, the coefficient of which is 1.887650; There is a negative correlation between the ratio of agricultural loans to the loan balance of financial institutions and the urban-rural income gap index, whose coefficient is -3.155390; The other variable, the proportion of loan balance of financial institutions to the balance of deposits, has no significant effect on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The article also points out that the allocation of rural money funds is insufficient, the rural financial institutions do not give full play to their functions, the rural financial market lacks effective competition mechanism, the rural financial innovation is insufficient, and the rural township enterprises lack financial support. Agricultural finance itself faces some special risks and summarizes the reasons for the excessive income gap between urban and rural areas in China. In view of the above problems, the author tries to speed up the development of rural finance, improve the construction of our financial system, improve the operational efficiency of financial institutions, effectively prevent the outflow of rural funds, make them better serve the rural areas, and expand the financing channels of township enterprises. To solve the problem of township enterprises' funds and accelerate the development of rural insurance market, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas in China.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832;F124.7
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