本文選題：中亞　切入點(diǎn)：消除貧困　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中亞五國(guó)(哈薩克斯坦、烏茲別克斯坦、土庫曼斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦)自1991年獨(dú)立以來,盡管在政治建設(shè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方面已取得不同程度的成就,但各國(guó)均未完全擺脫貧困問題的影響。歷年的數(shù)據(jù)雖然顯示,中亞各國(guó)的貧困率大體為逐年下降趨勢(shì),但在一定的歷史原因和政治經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的共同作用下,一些國(guó)家及其中的部分地區(qū)的消除貧困進(jìn)程仍不樂觀；個(gè)別中亞國(guó)家的貧困水平仍高于世界平均水平。 中亞地區(qū)的貧困問題歷經(jīng)全面惡化、總體緩和、再度惡化和縱深蔓延四個(gè)階段,各階段內(nèi)各國(guó)貧困的表現(xiàn)形式各不相同。其中,各國(guó)國(guó)家資源稟賦差異較大,社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)各不一致。同時(shí),各國(guó)還面臨著社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部分化加劇,國(guó)家財(cái)富向統(tǒng)治精英階層聚集,社會(huì)流動(dòng)趨于固化等一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)問題。這在一定程度上將導(dǎo)致社會(huì)中下階層生活處境艱難,貧困狀況加劇,導(dǎo)致社會(huì)動(dòng)亂的潛在威脅逐漸加強(qiáng)。 針對(duì)中業(yè)各國(guó)不同階段的貧困問題,中亞各國(guó)政府紛紛采取各種策略以改善人民生活水平。通過對(duì)這些策略的對(duì)比研究,可發(fā)現(xiàn)部分國(guó)家的政策符合其國(guó)情需要,最終實(shí)踐也是行之有效的。但多數(shù)政策僅僅在表面上解決了國(guó)家最為緊迫的問題,而并未直接對(duì)社會(huì)財(cái)富分配方式、社會(huì)流動(dòng)停滯等問題提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策,中亞各國(guó)改善其貧困狀況的發(fā)展前景依然堪憂。
[Abstract]:The five Central Asian States (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan) have achieved varying degrees of political construction and economic development since their independence in 1991, Although the data over the years show that the poverty rate in the Central Asian countries is generally declining year by year, under the joint action of historical reasons and political and economic development, The process of poverty eradication in some countries and some of them is still not optimistic; the poverty level in some Central Asian countries is still higher than the world average. The poverty problem in Central Asia has undergone four stages: overall deterioration, overall relaxation, re-deterioration and deep spread. The manifestations of poverty in different countries are different in each stage. Among them, the national resource endowments of each country are quite different. At the same time, countries are faced with increasing internal divisions in the social structure, and the wealth of the country is gathered to the ruling elite. Social mobility tends to solidify a series of economic and social problems, which, to a certain extent, will lead to the difficult living conditions of the middle and lower strata of society, the intensification of poverty, and the gradual strengthening of the potential threat of social unrest. The governments of Central Asian countries have adopted various strategies to improve the living standards of their people at different stages of poverty in China and China. Through a comparative study of these strategies, it can be found that the policies of some countries meet the needs of their national conditions. The final practice is also effective. However, most policies only solve the most urgent problems of the country on the surface, and do not directly put forward corresponding countermeasures to the problems of distribution of social wealth, stagnation of social mobility and so on. The prospects for Central Asian countries to improve their poverty remain worrying.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F113.9

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