本文選題：俄羅斯　切入點：經(jīng)濟特區(qū)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：為了擺脫對原料的依賴性，尋找新的經(jīng)濟增長點，俄羅斯決定采用世界上已被廣泛使用的經(jīng)濟特區(qū)機制。決定這樣做已經(jīng)不是第一次。早在20世紀90年代,俄羅斯就曾建立過12個自由經(jīng)濟區(qū)但基本歸于失敗。由于缺乏應(yīng)有的經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)、必要的法律保障和充分的起動資金,在這些自由經(jīng)濟區(qū)內(nèi),投資者的權(quán)益無任何保障,致使這些自由經(jīng)濟區(qū)多數(shù)徒有虛名，未能真正建立起來。相反，由于這些自由經(jīng)濟區(qū)卻因運作不規(guī)范等原因變成了變相偷稅漏稅的天堂。到2000年，這些自由經(jīng)濟區(qū)中的大部分已被撤銷。早在21世紀，俄經(jīng)濟情況逐步好轉(zhuǎn)，但經(jīng)濟增長過度依賴能源生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)失衡的矛盾也日益突出。為改善國內(nèi)投資環(huán)境，吸引國內(nèi)外投資，發(fā)展高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)，同時加強國內(nèi)的文通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，俄于2005年7月正式通過了《俄聯(lián)邦經(jīng)濟特區(qū)法》，再次興建特區(qū)。2005年7月俄頒布了《經(jīng)濟特區(qū)法》,為經(jīng)濟特區(qū)建設(shè)提供了法律依據(jù)。新的經(jīng)濟特區(qū)法和即將出臺的相關(guān)規(guī)定包括防止逃稅的機制，同時國家建議制定一個能夠保障投資者權(quán)利法律基礎(chǔ)。這標志著俄羅斯新一輪的經(jīng)濟特區(qū)建設(shè)進入實施階段。那么，在這個時期內(nèi)，俄羅斯新一輪的經(jīng)濟特區(qū)政策出臺是基于一個怎樣的社會背景下呢？又出于何種目的？俄羅斯的經(jīng)濟特區(qū)火熱發(fā)展又會給公司企業(yè)帶來哪些發(fā)展的機會呢？帶著這些問題，本文對于俄羅斯經(jīng)濟特區(qū)的建設(shè)進行分析，對其發(fā)展的階段性進行劃分，深入分析俄羅斯聯(lián)邦經(jīng)濟特區(qū)法，進行中俄經(jīng)濟特區(qū)比較，，對經(jīng)濟特區(qū)運作存在的問題進行研究，分析俄羅斯經(jīng)濟特區(qū)的作用及其發(fā)展的前景。
[Abstract]:In order to get rid of its dependence on raw materials and find new economic growth points, Russia has decided to adopt the special economic zone mechanism, which has been widely used in the world. This is not the first time that it has decided to do so. As early as 1990s, Russia has established 12 free economic zones, but basically failed. Due to the lack of proper economic basis, the necessary legal safeguards and adequate start-up funds, there is no guarantee of the rights and interests of investors in these free economic zones. Most of these free economic zones have been devoid of name and have not been really established. On the contrary, because of the irregular operation of these free economic zones, they have become a paradise for tax evasion in disguised form. By 2000, Most of these free economic zones have been withdrawn. As early as 21th century, Russia's economic situation gradually improved, but economic growth was excessively dependent on energy production, and the contradiction of economic structure imbalance was becoming increasingly prominent. In order to improve the domestic investment environment, To attract domestic and foreign investment, to develop high-tech industries, and to strengthen the construction of domestic cultural and communications infrastructure, On July 2005, Russia formally adopted the "Russian Federal Special Economic Zone Law" and built the special economic zone again. In July 2005, Russia promulgated the "Special Economic Zone Law", which provides a legal basis for the construction of special economic zones. Provisions include mechanisms to prevent tax evasion, At the same time, the state proposes to draw up a legal basis for protecting the rights of investors. This marks the beginning of the implementation stage of the new round of special economic zones in Russia. Well, in this period, Under what social background is Russia's new round of special economic zone policies? And for what purpose? What opportunities will the hot development of special economic zones in Russia bring to companies and enterprises? With these problems in mind, this paper analyzes the construction of Russia's special economic zones, divides the stages of their development, deeply analyzes the law of the Russian Federation's special economic zones, and makes a comparison between China and Russia's special economic zones. This paper studies the problems existing in the operation of special economic zones and analyzes the functions and prospects of the special economic zones in Russia.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F151.2

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