發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-05 09:39

  本文選題：消費(fèi)金融　切入點(diǎn)：內(nèi)需　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：消費(fèi)金融是指一些機(jī)構(gòu)專(zhuān)門(mén)向家庭或者個(gè)人提供貸款，以滿(mǎn)足其超前消費(fèi)需要的現(xiàn)代金融服務(wù)方式。我國(guó)消費(fèi)金融真正起步是從20世紀(jì)90年代才開(kāi)始的，經(jīng)過(guò)了二十年的發(fā)展，用于個(gè)人和家庭消費(fèi)目的的貸款規(guī)模迅速擴(kuò)張，貸款用途也日益廣泛，消費(fèi)金融已成為我國(guó)金融市場(chǎng)不可或缺的重要組成部分。消費(fèi)金融在我國(guó)的發(fā)展能一定程度上滿(mǎn)足我國(guó)居民不斷增長(zhǎng)的對(duì)物質(zhì)文化的消費(fèi)需求，有利于擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，減少我國(guó)GDP對(duì)投資和出口的過(guò)度依賴(lài)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康增長(zhǎng)。但是我國(guó)也存在著阻礙消費(fèi)金融發(fā)展的很多不利因素，如居民對(duì)借貸消費(fèi)的觀念接受度不高，我國(guó)的人均收入低，人民的消費(fèi)層次不高，使我國(guó)居民沒(méi)有能力和信心進(jìn)行借貸消費(fèi)。最后我國(guó)消費(fèi)金融還面臨著種種障礙，包括信用體系不健全、消費(fèi)金融服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)少的問(wèn)題。 本文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面介紹分析我國(guó)的消費(fèi)金融及其對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的促進(jìn)作用。 第一部分是闡述消費(fèi)金融的概念，消費(fèi)金融在我國(guó)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展，及我國(guó)目前提供消費(fèi)金融服務(wù)的主要機(jī)構(gòu)。最后還從消費(fèi)金融有利于提高人們的效用水平和促進(jìn)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展兩個(gè)大的方面介紹了發(fā)展消費(fèi)金融的好處。 第二部分首先分析了我國(guó)消費(fèi)金融所提供的消費(fèi)信貸的特點(diǎn)，包括以中長(zhǎng)期貸款為主，主要用于房貸及車(chē)貸等。其次闡述了我國(guó)消費(fèi)金融存在的問(wèn)題，包括提供消費(fèi)信貸服務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu)與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比較少，消費(fèi)信貸額度較低，我國(guó)居民的借貸消費(fèi)觀念不強(qiáng)，同時(shí)存在著居民收入較低，導(dǎo)致不敢借貸消費(fèi)等障礙。 第三部分采用計(jì)量分析方法，對(duì)我國(guó)消費(fèi)金融對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的作用進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。通過(guò)歷年的消費(fèi)與投資及GDP的數(shù)據(jù)，用最小二乘法，得出消費(fèi)對(duì)GDP的促進(jìn)作用大于投資對(duì)GDP的帶動(dòng)作用。而消費(fèi)金融提供的消費(fèi)信貸能顯著地促進(jìn)我國(guó)居民的消費(fèi)需求，有利于提高居民的最終消費(fèi)。通過(guò)研究2011年各地居民的最終消費(fèi)與各地GDP的關(guān)系可以知道，居民的最終消費(fèi)對(duì)各地GDP的影響是顯著的。最后，，分析金融機(jī)構(gòu)消費(fèi)信貸余額與我國(guó)每季度GDP之間的關(guān)系，最終得到消費(fèi)信貸對(duì)GDP的增長(zhǎng)起到極大的促進(jìn)作用的結(jié)論。 第四部分，對(duì)促進(jìn)我國(guó)消費(fèi)金融的發(fā)展方面提出建議，以保證我國(guó)消費(fèi)金融健康發(fā)展。首先，進(jìn)一步完善消費(fèi)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)查評(píng)估體系；其次，積極宣傳消費(fèi)金融，轉(zhuǎn)變居民消費(fèi)觀念；再次，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管，增加消費(fèi)金融服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)種類(lèi)和數(shù)量，立法機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步完善立法，相關(guān)政府部門(mén)積極成立類(lèi)似于西方國(guó)家的消費(fèi)信貸報(bào)告機(jī)構(gòu)；最后，繼續(xù)提高居民收入，加強(qiáng)福利建設(shè)，確保我國(guó)居民有能力有信心進(jìn)行借貸消費(fèi)。
[Abstract]:Consumer finance refers to a modern financial service mode in which some institutions provide loans to families or individuals to meet their needs for advanced consumption. The real start of consumer finance in China only began in 1990s, and after 20 years of development, Loans for personal and household consumption purposes have expanded rapidly in scale and have been used more widely, Consumer finance has become an indispensable and important part of our financial market. The development of consumer finance in our country can to a certain extent meet the increasing demand for material and cultural consumption of our residents, which is conducive to the expansion of domestic demand. To reduce the excessive dependence of GDP on investment and export and to promote the healthy growth of economy, however, there are many unfavorable factors that hinder the development of consumer finance in China, such as the low acceptance of the concept of borrowing and consumption and the low per capita income of our country. The people's consumption level is not high, which makes the residents of our country unable to borrow and consume. Finally, China's consumer finance still faces all kinds of obstacles, including the problem of imperfect credit system and few consumer financial service institutions. This paper mainly introduces and analyzes the consumer finance and its promoting effect on economic growth from the following aspects. The first part is to explain the concept of consumer finance, the emergence and development of consumer finance in China, Finally, the paper introduces the benefits of consumer finance from two aspects: improving the utility level of people and promoting the economic development of our country. The second part first analyzes the characteristics of consumer credit provided by consumer finance in China, including medium and long term loans, mainly used for housing loans and car loans, etc. Secondly, it expounds the existing problems of consumer finance in China. There are fewer institutions providing consumer credit services compared with developed countries, lower consumer credit lines, weak concept of borrowing and consumption of Chinese residents, and at the same time, there are some obstacles such as lower income of residents, which causes them not to borrow and consume. The third part uses the econometric analysis method, carries on the empirical research to our country consumer finance to the economic function. Through the past years' consumption and investment and the GDP data, uses the least square method, It is concluded that consumption is more important to GDP than investment to GDP, and consumer credit provided by consumer finance can significantly promote the consumption demand of Chinese residents. By studying the relationship between the final consumption of local residents and the local GDP in 2011, we can know that the final consumption of residents has a significant impact on the local GDP. Finally, Based on the analysis of the relationship between the balance of consumer credit of financial institutions and the quarterly GDP of China, the conclusion is drawn that consumer credit plays a great role in promoting the growth of GDP. In the 4th part, suggestions are put forward to promote the development of consumer finance in China in order to ensure the healthy development of consumer finance in China. First, we should further improve the investigation and evaluation system of consumer financial institutions; secondly, actively publicize consumer finance. Thirdly, regulators should strengthen supervision, increase the types and number of consumer financial service institutions, further improve legislation, and establish consumer credit reporting agencies similar to western countries. Finally, continue to raise residents' income, strengthen welfare construction, and ensure that Chinese residents have the confidence to borrow and spend.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832;F124

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