發(fā)布時間：2018-05-15 06:50

  本文選題：農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化 + 外資��； 參考：《上海海洋大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟的基礎,其重要性自然是不言而喻,隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展也帶動了一定相關農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,但是僅從增長量方面考量是不能說明農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展程度的,例如多年的“三農(nóng)”問題依然沒有完全化解�，F(xiàn)代化這一概念在1954年被上議程后,多年來各領域都在研究其實現(xiàn)的途徑,而農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化是轉型的關鍵,是將農(nóng)業(yè)從較為落后的狀態(tài)轉變?yōu)橄冗M、發(fā)達的過程。依據(jù)投入一產(chǎn)出理論,農(nóng)業(yè)想要達到現(xiàn)代化水平必須要擁有一定的投入量,合理的投入量可以有效加速現(xiàn)代化進程,這就需要從國內(nèi)投資和農(nóng)民投資來分析,在國內(nèi)投資方面,2016年我國財政整體支出約19萬億元,其中支農(nóng)支出約1.8萬億元,占比達到9.8%,比往年有所提升,但是依然不到10%,這部分投資還不能滿足農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的要求;農(nóng)民自身收入有限,對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的投資貢獻更是微乎其微。作為農(nóng)業(yè)投資的主要來源這兩部分都無法滿足發(fā)展的需求,導致進程緩慢,這就需要找尋新的出路。世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅速,在世界經(jīng)濟的帶動下,國際貿(mào)易和投資自由化也使得中國經(jīng)濟跟上時代步伐,大步邁進一個新高度,在農(nóng)業(yè)方面也逐漸開放。近年來外資的進入穩(wěn)步增加,例如在過去的2016年,全國實際利用外資1260億美元,同比增長4.1%,其中農(nóng)業(yè)實際利用為18.67億美元。外資的引入可以適當緩解農(nóng)業(yè)資金的缺口問題,彌補有限的財政支農(nóng)支出,同時引進外資不僅是大量涌入的外國資金,隨之伴隨著先進的農(nóng)業(yè)技術、機械以及管理經(jīng)驗、人才的引進,這對提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的出口、改善農(nóng)業(yè)結構有著非常重要的影響。中國的經(jīng)濟在外資的推動下得到了充分的發(fā)展,但農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的實現(xiàn)和外國直接投資(FDI)到底是什么樣的關系?目前專門研究這二者之間關系的文獻還比較少,大多還停留在農(nóng)業(yè)與外資之間的關系研究上,單純的研究農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟增長問題,沒有提出外商直接投資(FDI)對實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的影響,并且多是通過定性分析來得到一些答案,但僅選用定性分析來解釋問題是比較淺顯的分析,還需要借助一定的定量分析來具體闡述。本文通過對農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化指標體系的構建,設定解釋變量為外商直接投資,被解釋變量為農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化,控制變量為國家財政支農(nóng)支出以及農(nóng)業(yè)剩余勞動力,利用回歸模型來分析外商直接投資與農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化之間的關系。通過實證研究發(fā)現(xiàn),外商直接投資對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效果指標反應最為顯著,所以文章提出鼓勵外資進入農(nóng)業(yè)盈利性產(chǎn)業(yè)領域,由點入面,逐步向農(nóng)業(yè)全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈延伸;國家財政支農(nóng)支出應該用于農(nóng)業(yè)內(nèi)部環(huán)境的改善;土地轉移制度繼續(xù)完善,農(nóng)業(yè)剩余勞動力逐步轉移,三者有效結合促進農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平的提升。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and its importance is self-evident. With the development of the economy, it has also led to the development of a certain degree of agricultural economy. However, considering only from the aspect of growth and quantity, it cannot explain the degree of agricultural development. For example, many years of the "three rural" problem is still not completely resolved. After the concept of modernization was put on the agenda in 1954, various fields have been studying the ways to realize it for many years. Agricultural modernization is the key to the transformation, and it is the process of transforming agriculture from a relatively backward state to an advanced and developed one. According to the input-output theory, in order to achieve the modernization level, agriculture must have a certain amount of input, reasonable input can effectively accelerate the modernization process, which needs to be analyzed from domestic investment and peasant investment. In terms of domestic investment, the overall expenditure of our country in 2016 is about 19 trillion yuan, of which the expenditure on supporting agriculture is about 1.8 trillion yuan, accounting for 9.8 yuan, which is higher than in previous years, but still less than 10%, this part of investment can not meet the requirements of agricultural modernization; Farmers' own income is limited, the investment contribution to agricultural production is even less. As the main source of agricultural investment, these two parts can not meet the needs of development, resulting in slow progress, which requires finding a new way out. With the rapid development of world economy, the liberalization of international trade and investment also makes China's economy keep pace with the times, stride forward to a new height, and gradually open to the outside world in agriculture. In recent years, foreign investment has steadily increased. For example, in the past 2016, the country actually used $126 billion of foreign capital, an increase of 4.1 percent over the same period last year, of which actual utilization of agriculture was $1.867 billion. The introduction of foreign capital can properly alleviate the gap of agricultural funds and make up for the limited expenditure on supporting agriculture. At the same time, the introduction of foreign capital is not only a large influx of foreign funds, but also accompanied by advanced agricultural technology, machinery and management experience. The introduction of talents has a very important impact on the export of agricultural products and the improvement of agricultural structure. China's economy has been fully developed under the impetus of foreign investment, but what is the relationship between the realization of agricultural modernization and foreign direct investment (FDI)? At present, the literature devoted to the study of the relationship between the two is still relatively few, and most of them remain in the study of the relationship between agriculture and foreign investment, and simply study the issue of agricultural economic growth. The impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the realization of agricultural modernization is not mentioned, and most of the answers are obtained by qualitative analysis, but only qualitative analysis is used to explain the problem. Also need to use certain quantitative analysis to elaborate concretely. By constructing the index system of agricultural modernization, this paper sets the explanatory variable as foreign direct investment, the explained variable as agricultural modernization, the control variable as the national fiscal expenditure for agriculture support and the agricultural surplus labor force. The regression model is used to analyze the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and agricultural modernization. Through empirical research, it is found that FDI has the most significant effect on agricultural production, so the article proposes to encourage foreign investment to enter the field of agricultural profit-making industry, and gradually extend to the whole agricultural industry chain from point to face. The national financial expenditure on supporting agriculture should be used to improve the internal environment of agriculture, the system of land transfer continues to be perfected, the surplus labor force of agriculture is gradually transferred, and the three factors effectively combine to promote the improvement of the level of agricultural modernization.
【學位授予單位】：上海海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.6;F323

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