本文選題：用地成本　切入點：制造業(yè)　出處：《中國工業(yè)經(jīng)濟》2017年09期

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟新常態(tài)背景下,中國經(jīng)濟增速正在下滑,土地價格卻依然上漲迅速,并成為制約中國制造業(yè)出口的重要因素。本文使用世界銀行對中國120座城市12400家制造業(yè)企業(yè)所做的營商環(huán)境抽樣調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),考察了用地成本對企業(yè)出口行為的影響及其作用機制。研究表明,用地成本的確削弱了中國制造業(yè)在國際市場上的出口競爭力:較高的土地支出不僅降低了企業(yè)出口的可能性,還抑制了企業(yè)的出口規(guī)模。進(jìn)一步估計顯示,不同類型的企業(yè)存在差異:相比高效率的企業(yè),用地成本對低效率企業(yè)的出口行為影響更大;相比其他類型企業(yè),用地成本對國有企業(yè)出口行為影響較小。影響機制檢驗表明,企業(yè)生產(chǎn)率和融資約束是用地成本影響企業(yè)出口的可能渠道。本文采用Tobit模型并結(jié)合Heckman兩階段模型糾正了樣本的選擇性偏差,以及使用工具變量估計和面板固定效應(yīng)估計克服了模型中潛在的內(nèi)生性問題。本文的研究具有重要的政策含義,增加土地的市場供應(yīng)量、抑制土地投機性需求以及倡導(dǎo)企業(yè)用地成本支付方式的多元化,有利于降低企業(yè)的用地成本,提升中國制造業(yè)出口競爭力。
[Abstract]:In the context of the new normal economy, China's economic growth is declining, but land prices are still rising rapidly. This paper uses the data from the World Bank sample survey on the business environment of 12400 manufacturing enterprises in 120 cities in China. This paper investigates the influence of land cost on enterprise's export behavior and its mechanism. The research shows that land cost does weaken the export competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing industry in the international market: higher land expenditure not only reduces the possibility of enterprise's export, It also suppresses the export size of enterprises. Further estimates show that there are differences among different types of enterprises: the cost of land use has a greater impact on the export behavior of inefficient enterprises than those with high efficiency; and compared with other types of enterprises, The cost of land use has little effect on the export behavior of state-owned enterprises. Enterprise productivity and financing constraints are the possible channels for land cost to affect the export of enterprises. In this paper, we use Tobit model and Heckman two-stage model to correct the selectivity deviation of samples. And the use of tool variable estimation and panel fixed effect estimation overcomes the potential endogenous problems in the model. The research in this paper has important policy implications to increase the market supply of land. Restraining the land speculative demand and advocating the diversification of enterprise land cost payment will help to reduce the land cost of enterprises and enhance the export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.
【作者單位】： 南開大學(xué)經(jīng)濟學(xué)院、中國特色社會主義經(jīng)濟建設(shè)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;南開大學(xué)經(jīng)濟學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金一般項目“促進(jìn)沿海內(nèi)地沿邊對外貿(mào)易優(yōu)勢互補研究”(批準(zhǔn)號13BJL050) 教育部哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)研究重大課題攻關(guān)項目“中國自由貿(mào)易區(qū)制度創(chuàng)新與保障體系研究”(批準(zhǔn)號14JZD020)
【分類號】：F301.2;F424;F752.62
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本文編號：1669248