本文關(guān)鍵詞：考慮用戶響應(yīng)的動(dòng)態(tài)尖峰電價(jià)優(yōu)化決策模型研究　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 尖峰電價(jià) 用戶響應(yīng) 動(dòng)態(tài)電價(jià) 電動(dòng)汽車 綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)電力需求的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),一些經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)省市夏季高峰負(fù)荷不斷升高,解決電力供應(yīng)不平衡問(wèn)題僅依賴發(fā)電側(cè)資源調(diào)節(jié)是不經(jīng)濟(jì),不安全的。如果利用需求響應(yīng)措施則可以更好地引導(dǎo)用戶,調(diào)動(dòng)需求側(cè)資源例如電動(dòng)汽車、大規(guī)模空調(diào)及蓄熱蓄冰設(shè)備等與電網(wǎng)互動(dòng),緩解資源與環(huán)境的壓力。電價(jià)機(jī)制作為需求響應(yīng)的重要組成部分,可以利用價(jià)格杠桿起到削峰填谷的作用,其扮演的角色也將越來(lái)越重要。現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)普遍實(shí)行的是分時(shí)電價(jià),但是分時(shí)電價(jià)是費(fèi)率相對(duì)固定的靜態(tài)電價(jià),已試點(diǎn)的尖峰電價(jià)實(shí)質(zhì)也為尖-峰-平-谷分時(shí)電價(jià),動(dòng)態(tài)性較差。因此,設(shè)計(jì)合理的動(dòng)態(tài)尖峰電價(jià)機(jī)制有針對(duì)性地引導(dǎo)用戶減少或者轉(zhuǎn)移尖峰負(fù)荷有著重要的理論和實(shí)際意義。本文在借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種考慮用戶響應(yīng)的動(dòng)態(tài)尖峰電價(jià)優(yōu)化決策模型。在所提出的尖峰電價(jià)中,首先給出了利用閾值和模糊隸屬度動(dòng)態(tài)確定尖峰日和尖峰時(shí)段的方法,接著基于用戶對(duì)尖峰電價(jià)的響應(yīng),建立了尖峰電價(jià)優(yōu)化決策模型,兼顧了電網(wǎng)公司和用戶的利益,并綜合考慮了用戶滿意度、月平均電價(jià)不變和防止“尖峰漂移”等問(wèn)題。仿真結(jié)果表明尖峰電價(jià)能明顯起到減少尖峰負(fù)荷,改善負(fù)荷特性的效果,同時(shí)也能減少用戶的電費(fèi)支出。其次,本文探討了所提尖峰電價(jià)對(duì)于電動(dòng)汽車這種重要需求側(cè)資源的影響。在本文的研究中,根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)利用蒙特卡洛方法對(duì)無(wú)序隨機(jī)充電模式、有序充電模式和V2G模式等三種充電情景的充放電負(fù)荷曲線進(jìn)行模擬,分析尖峰電價(jià)優(yōu)化前后的變化。通過(guò)仿真可知,尖峰電價(jià)可以明顯改善電動(dòng)汽車充放電負(fù)荷“峰上加峰”的問(wèn)題,同時(shí)電動(dòng)汽車與電網(wǎng)的雙向互動(dòng)也可進(jìn)一步提高電網(wǎng)可靠性。最后,為了更好地促進(jìn)尖峰電價(jià)的推廣實(shí)施,建立了相關(guān)的評(píng)價(jià)體系。在本文的綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系中,對(duì)尖峰電價(jià)實(shí)施效果進(jìn)行了梳理,建立了合適的框架,并定義了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),采用模糊層次分析法進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。此評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制可以提供恰當(dāng)?shù)姆答佇畔?給電力公司、用戶及政府相關(guān)部門提出有效的配套意見,對(duì)進(jìn)一步完善尖峰電價(jià)機(jī)制有著重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the continuous growth of power demand in China, the peak load of some economically developed provinces and cities is increasing in summer. It is not economical to solve the problem of power supply imbalance only relying on generation side resource regulation. Unsafe. If you use demand response measures, you can better guide users, mobilize demand-side resources such as electric vehicles, large-scale air conditioning and ice storage equipment to interact with the grid. As an important part of demand response, electricity price mechanism can use price lever to cut the peak and fill the valley. Its role will also be more and more important. At this stage, China generally implements the time-sharing price, but the time-sharing price is the static price with relatively fixed rate. The peak-peak price is also peak-peak-equal-valley time-sharing price, which is less dynamic. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to design a reasonable dynamic peak-price mechanism to guide customers to reduce or transfer peak load. In this paper, a dynamic peak-price optimization decision model considering user response is proposed. In the proposed peak-price, the method of dynamically determining peak day and peak time by using threshold and fuzzy membership degree is given. Then, based on the response of customers to peak price, a decision model of peak price optimization is established, which takes into account the interests of power grid companies and users, and comprehensive consideration of customer satisfaction. The simulation results show that the peak price can obviously reduce the peak load, improve the load characteristics, but also reduce the user's electricity expenditure. Secondly, the simulation results show that the peak price can obviously reduce the peak load and improve the load characteristics. In this paper, the effect of peak price on the demand side resource of electric vehicle is discussed. In this paper, the random charging mode is analyzed by Monte Carlo method according to the relevant data. The charge and discharge load curves of three charging scenarios, such as orderly charging mode and V2G mode, were simulated to analyze the changes of peak price before and after optimization. The peak price can obviously improve the charge and discharge load of electric vehicle. At the same time, the two-way interaction between electric vehicle and power grid can also further improve the reliability of power grid. In order to promote the promotion and implementation of peak-peak electricity price, a related evaluation system is established. In the comprehensive evaluation system of this paper, the implementation effect of peak-peak electricity price is combed, and a suitable framework is established. The evaluation index is defined and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used to evaluate. This evaluation mechanism can provide appropriate feedback information and provide effective supporting opinions to power companies, users and relevant government departments. It is of great significance to further improve the peak-peak price mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61

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