本文選題：準公益性景區(qū) + 系統(tǒng)動力學�。� 參考：《湘潭大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前，我國旅游業(yè)發(fā)展勢頭強勁，在一定程度上推動了準公益性景區(qū)的迅猛發(fā)展；同時，根據(jù)住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)部2012年12月4日發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，我國風景名勝區(qū)總面積已達到19.37萬平方公里，約占國土面積的2.02%，準公益性景區(qū)的持續(xù)開發(fā)讓景區(qū)發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)兩種勢態(tài)：一種是開拓和打造新景區(qū)，在調(diào)研旅游市場的基礎(chǔ)上，投資和經(jīng)營新項目；另一種是將原有景區(qū)推陳出新地進行資源重組和重建，規(guī)劃新的開發(fā)策略再投入市場運營。在這兩種勢態(tài)下，一個飽受爭議和責難的問題更為突出，即準公益性景區(qū)門票的定價問題�；诖�，本文即以準公益性景區(qū)門票定價為研究對象，，針對其特殊性，引入系統(tǒng)動力學的理論與方法，進行了卓有成效的研究，主要研究成果包括以下兩個方面： 首先，構(gòu)建起合理的準公益性景區(qū)門票定價系統(tǒng)動力學模型。在充分學習現(xiàn)有相關(guān)研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，研究準公益性景區(qū)門票定價的現(xiàn)狀，確立門票定價實現(xiàn)生態(tài)效益、社會效益和經(jīng)濟效益三效合一的目標，并通過分析景區(qū)門票價格的影響因素，根據(jù)準公益性景區(qū)的特點，總結(jié)出關(guān)鍵影響變量及變量之間的相互關(guān)系，繪制因果關(guān)系圖和流圖，最終構(gòu)建起了較為全面、合理的準公益性景區(qū)門票定價系統(tǒng)動力學模型，即在不超過景區(qū)環(huán)境承載力的前提下，綜合考慮游客的收入水平和消費能力，制定出以社會效益為主，兼顧景區(qū)經(jīng)濟效益的定價模型。引入系統(tǒng)動力學在一定程度上是準公益性景區(qū)門票定價研究領(lǐng)域的理論創(chuàng)新。 其次，成功運用所建系統(tǒng)動力學模型實現(xiàn)了黃河游覽區(qū)門票定價的預測。模型構(gòu)建完成后，以黃河游覽區(qū)為例，針對性地確定了模型中的水平函數(shù)、速率函數(shù)、輔助函數(shù)等變量，即解決了模型應(yīng)用于具體準公益性景區(qū)門票定價的適應(yīng)性問題，為模型仿真奠定基礎(chǔ)。然后運用Vensim軟件模擬得到黃河游覽區(qū)2012-2020年的仿真預測值，仿真預測結(jié)果表明供給票價逐漸減少，景區(qū)非門票收入呈現(xiàn)與游客數(shù)量類似的上升趨勢，接受票價呈現(xiàn)與游客收入一致的增加趨勢，市場票價和最終票價都會受營銷折扣的影響在小范圍內(nèi)上下波動，但總體趨勢是先減后增。實證研究最后的對策分析可以幫助定價者更好地做出決策，對政府部門實現(xiàn)有效的監(jiān)督管理提出了幾點建議。
[Abstract]:At present, China's tourism industry is developing strongly, to a certain extent, promoting the rapid development of quasi-public welfare scenic spots. At the same time, according to the data released by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction on December 4, 2012, The total area of scenic spots in China has reached 193700 square kilometers, accounting for about 2.02 of the land area. The sustainable development of quasi-public welfare scenic spots has made the development of scenic spots take on two trends: one is to develop and build new scenic spots, on the basis of investigating the tourism market, Investment and management of new projects; the other is the old scenic spots to carry out the reorganization and reconstruction of resources, planning new development strategy to put into the market operation. In these two situations, a controversial and critical issue is more prominent, that is, the pricing of quasi-public scenic spots. Based on this, this paper takes the ticket pricing of quasi-public interest scenic spot as the research object, aiming at its particularity, introduces the theory and method of system dynamics, and carries on the fruitful research. The main research results include the following two aspects: firstly, a reasonable dynamic model of ticket pricing system in quasi-public interest scenic spots is constructed. On the basis of fully studying the existing relevant research results, this paper studies the present situation of ticket pricing in quasi-public interest scenic spots, and establishes the goal of realizing the integration of ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit by ticket pricing. By analyzing the influencing factors of ticket price in scenic spots, according to the characteristics of quasi-public interest scenic spots, the paper summarizes the relationship between key influence variables and variables, draws the diagram of causality and flow, and finally constructs a more comprehensive one. A reasonable dynamic model of ticket pricing system in quasi-public interest scenic spots, that is, under the premise of not exceeding the environmental carrying capacity of scenic spots, considering comprehensively the income level and consumption ability of tourists, the social benefit is the main factor. The pricing model considering the economic benefits of scenic spots. The introduction of system dynamics is, to some extent, a theoretical innovation in the field of ticket pricing in quasi-public interest scenic spots. Secondly, the system dynamics model is successfully used to predict the ticket pricing in the Yellow River tourist area. After the completion of the model construction, taking the Yellow River tourist area as an example, the variables of the model, such as horizontal function, rate function, auxiliary function and so on, are determined, that is, the adaptability of the model applied to the pricing of tickets in the specific quasi-public interest scenic spots is solved. It lays a foundation for model simulation. Then we use Vensim software to simulate the forecast value of the Yellow River tourist area 2012-2020. The simulation results show that the supply ticket price decreases gradually, and the non-ticket income of the scenic area shows a similar upward trend as the number of tourists. Accepting ticket prices shows an increasing trend consistent with tourist income. Both market fares and final fares fluctuate in a small range under the influence of marketing discounts, but the overall trend is to decrease first and then increase. The final countermeasure analysis of empirical research can help the price makers to make better decisions, and some suggestions are put forward for the effective supervision and management of government departments.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F592.6

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