發(fā)布時間：2018-12-10 22:23

【摘要】：高精度相機(jī)為工業(yè)生產(chǎn)提供精確的視覺測量系統(tǒng),并使航空航天領(lǐng)域的視覺定軌測量成為現(xiàn)實,其鏡頭的光軸方向是保證目標(biāo)對準(zhǔn)的關(guān)鍵參數(shù),而鏡頭在生產(chǎn)裝配過程中會導(dǎo)致光軸與鏡頭機(jī)械軸的位置誤差,需要對該誤差進(jìn)行檢測并判斷其影響程度。 課題通過對高精度相機(jī)鏡頭生產(chǎn)裝配過程工藝技術(shù)的研究,以及光軸一致性檢榆測手段的分析,設(shè)計完成一套以自準(zhǔn)直原理為主要實現(xiàn)原理的相機(jī)鏡頭光機(jī)軸線偏差檢測設(shè)備。將裝調(diào)過程中的方法轉(zhuǎn)化成后期產(chǎn)品檢驗方法,設(shè)計并加工組裝系統(tǒng)整體結(jié)構(gòu),配合輔助分析軟件,有效測量并分析誤差傳遞,實現(xiàn)對鏡頭光機(jī)軸線的檢測。 系統(tǒng)核心技術(shù)為將鏡頭光軸有效引出至高精度旋轉(zhuǎn)軸線,采用軸系晃動精度在3.5”以內(nèi)的氣浮轉(zhuǎn)臺作為參考軸線,之后進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn)軸線與鏡筒軸線空間夾角的測量。利用機(jī)器視覺技術(shù)捕捉透鏡球心反射成像,并采用OSTU目標(biāo)識別算法編寫軟件來實現(xiàn)假像剔除真像捕捉,從而達(dá)到直觀輸出實時測量結(jié)果,方便進(jìn)行軸線擬合操作的目的。以像素值為單位識別計算誤差,實現(xiàn)精確測量以及結(jié)果量化輸出。 設(shè)備適用于不宜拆卸的成品相機(jī)鏡頭光機(jī)軸線的偏差檢測以及輔助相機(jī)安裝使用。對于航空航天領(lǐng)域的遠(yuǎn)距離觀測以及目標(biāo)定位有重要意義,為遠(yuǎn)距離視覺識別操控技術(shù)提高精準(zhǔn)度帶來有效的幫助。 實驗臺設(shè)備最終測量的光軸的引出精度在25”以內(nèi),在各部件選型以及加工工藝得到提高后該精度可有進(jìn)一步提升空間。
[Abstract]:The high precision camera provides the accurate vision measurement system for the industrial production, and makes the vision orbit determination measurement in the field of aerospace become a reality. The optical axis direction of the lens is the key parameter to ensure the target alignment. The position error between the optical axis and the mechanical axis of the lens will be caused by the lens in the process of production and assembly, so it is necessary to detect the error and judge the influence degree of the error. Based on the research of manufacturing and assembling process technology of high precision camera lens and the analysis of optical axis consistency measuring method, a set of measuring equipment of axis deviation of camera lens optical machine is designed and completed based on the principle of autocollimation. The whole structure of assembly system is designed and processed, and the error transmission is effectively measured and analyzed with auxiliary analysis software to realize the inspection of lens optical machine axis. The key technology of the system is to effectively extract the lens optical axis from the rotation axis line with high precision. The air floating table with shafting precision less than 3.5 "is used as the reference axis, and then the angle between the rotation axis line and the mirror tube axis is measured. Machine vision technology is used to capture the spherical reflection imaging of lens, and OSTU target recognition algorithm is used to write a software to eliminate the true image capture, which can directly output the real time measurement results and facilitate the axis fitting operation. Using pixel value as the unit to identify the calculation error, the accurate measurement and the quantization output of the result can be realized. The equipment is suitable for measuring the deviation of lens axis of finished camera lens and auxiliary camera installation. It is of great significance for long-range observation and target positioning in aerospace field, and it can help to improve the precision of remote vision recognition and control technology. The precision of the optical axis measured by the experimental equipment is less than 25 ", and the precision can be further improved when the selection of the components and the processing technology are improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB85;TP391.41

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