發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-12 16:05

  本文選題：液態(tài)氟碳 + 液氣相變��； 參考：《重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：第一部分包裹液態(tài)氟碳PLGA微球的制備及體外實(shí)驗(yàn)研究 目的：制備一種新型超聲造影劑—液態(tài)氟碳PLGA微球，初步探討體外液氣相轉(zhuǎn)變條件與超聲、CT顯影效果。 方法：采用乳化-蒸發(fā)法制備包裹液態(tài)氟碳的PLGA微球，光鏡、掃描電鏡觀察微球形態(tài)、分布，激光粒度和電位分析儀檢測微球粒徑、電位。光鏡聯(lián)合體外超聲初步探究微球發(fā)生液氣相轉(zhuǎn)變的條件；觀察體外CT顯影效果。 結(jié)果：成功制備了分別包裹PFH和PFOB的PLGA微球。PFH/PLGA微球在水域中逐漸加熱達(dá)70℃時(shí)，光鏡及體外超聲可見微球隨加熱溫度升高體積逐漸增大、數(shù)量逐漸減少，而PFOB/PLGA微球在持續(xù)加熱達(dá)80℃時(shí)微球均未見明顯形態(tài)學(xué)及聲學(xué)變化。體外CT顯影， PFOB/PLGA微球組的平均CT值顯著高于其它各組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 結(jié)論：成功制備的液態(tài)氟碳高分子微球粒徑小，穩(wěn)定性好，在一 定條件下可發(fā)生液氣轉(zhuǎn)變，有望成為一種新型超聲造影劑。 第二部分包裹液態(tài)氟碳的PLGA微球增強(qiáng)HIFU消融兔肝的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究 目的：探討自制包裹液態(tài)氟碳的PLGA微球增強(qiáng)高強(qiáng)度聚焦超聲（HIFU）體外消融正常牛肝的最佳功率及體內(nèi)消融正常兔肝臟的療效。 方法：實(shí)驗(yàn)分為兩部分：第一部分為HIFU消融離體牛肝實(shí)驗(yàn)，分別注射四種不同的藥物后行HIFU消融，尋找最佳消融功率與時(shí)間；分4組：①HIFU+NACL組，②HIFU+PLGA組，③HIFU+PFH組、④HIFU+PFH/PLGA組；第二部分HIFU消融正常兔肝臟實(shí)驗(yàn)，同樣分為以上四組，分別經(jīng)兔耳緣靜脈注射藥物后以相同的參數(shù)行HIFU消融，觀測并相互比較各組靶區(qū)消融前后超聲聲像圖面積，灰階值，及實(shí)際肝臟損傷情況。 結(jié)果：離體牛肝實(shí)驗(yàn)中2、3、4組均在150W、2s出現(xiàn)聲像圖灰度的變化和肝臟的凝固性壞死；正常兔肝臟實(shí)驗(yàn)中，，3、4組靶區(qū)的平均超聲灰階值與面積大于1、2組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.001），且隨時(shí)間延長其灰階值與面積逐漸縮小，而3、4組比較為差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.05）；病理檢查1、2組肝臟未見明顯損傷，3、4組靶區(qū)肝臟見出血性壞死或白色凝固性壞死。 結(jié)論：包裹液態(tài)氟碳的高分子微球可有效增強(qiáng)HIFU的消融效率，為一種較好的HIFU增效劑。
[Abstract]:The first part is the preparation and in vitro study of liquid fluorocarbon PLGA microspheres.
Objective: to prepare a new type of ultrasound contrast agent, liquid fluorocarbon PLGA microspheres, and to preliminarily investigate the conditions of liquid gas phase transformation in vitro and the effects of ultrasound and CT.
Methods: PLGA microspheres containing liquid fluorocarbon were prepared by emulsification and evaporation method. The morphology and distribution of microspheres were observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The particle size and potential of the microspheres were detected by the laser particle size and potential analyzer. The conditions for the gas phase transition of microspheres were preliminarily explored by optical microscope combined with in vitro ultrasound, and the effect of CT development in vitro was observed.
Results: when the PLGA microsphere.PFH/PLGA microspheres containing PFH and PFOB were successfully prepared to heat up to 70 degrees in the water, the volume of the microspheres increased gradually with the increase of the heating temperature, and the number of the microspheres gradually decreased with the increase of the heating temperature. And the microspheres had no obvious morphological and acoustic changes when the PFOB/PLGA microspheres were continuously heated up to 80. C in vitro. The average CT of PFOB/PLGA microspheres was significantly higher than that of the other groups in T development, and the difference was statistically significant.
Conclusion: the prepared liquid fluorocarbon polymer microspheres have small particle size and good stability.
Under certain conditions, liquid gas shift can occur and is expected to become a new type of ultrasound contrast agent.
The second part is to study the effect of PLGA microspheres coated with liquid fluorocarbon on HIFU ablation of rabbit liver.
Objective: To investigate the optimal power of PLGA microspheres encapsulated liquid fluorocarbon (HIFU) and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the ablation of normal bovine liver in vitro and the effect of in vivo ablation of normal rabbit liver.
Methods: the experiment was divided into two parts: the first part was the HIFU ablation of bovine liver liver test. After injection of four different drugs, the optimal ablation power and time were found, and 4 groups were divided into 4 groups: (1) group HIFU+NACL, group HIFU+PLGA, group HIFU+PFH, group HIFU+PFH/PLGA, and second part of HIFU ablation normal rabbit liver experiment, also divided into two groups. The above four groups were treated with the same parameters for HIFU ablation after the injection of the rabbit ear vein. The ultrasonic image area, gray scale, and the actual liver damage were observed and compared with each other in each group.
Results: in the experimental group of bovine liver, 2,3,4 groups were all in 150W, 2S, and the changes in the gray scale of the image and the coagulative necrosis of the liver. In the normal rabbit liver experiment, the average ultrasonic gray scale value of the target area of the 3,4 group was larger than that of the 1,2 group, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.001), and the gray scale and area of the group were gradually reduced with the time prolonged, while the 3,4 group was compared. The difference was not statistically significant (P0.05); pathological examination showed no obvious damage to liver in group 1,2, hemorrhagic necrosis or coagulating necrosis in liver of group 3,4.
Conclusion: encapsulated liquid fluorocarbon polymer microspheres can effectively enhance the ablation efficiency of HIFU and serve as a better HIFU synergist.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R310

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