發(fā)布時間：2018-06-23 18:44

  本文選題：民俗文化 + 襄陽　； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：襄陽地處我國內(nèi)陸腹心,水陸交通便利,經(jīng)濟文化發(fā)達,具有地帶優(yōu)勢,歷史上屢為區(qū)域政治文化中心,東西南北文化交匯之地,也是許多民俗文化滋生發(fā)育的溫床。襄陽民俗文化兼具楚地的多彩與唯美,北地民俗的粗獷豪邁,給我們留下許多光輝燦爛的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn),襄陽民俗“穿天節(jié)”就是典型。在襄陽,“穿天節(jié)”是地域流傳非常廣泛、具有濃厚的襄陽地域特色,群眾參與度很高的民俗節(jié)日。“穿天節(jié)”是古代襄陽城在華夏南北廣大區(qū)域內(nèi)流行的“天穿節(jié)”民俗的影響基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合地處漢水中游獨特的地理環(huán)境資源以及襄陽神秘浪漫的漢水女神的神話傳說而逐漸融匯形成的。襄陽“穿天節(jié)”民俗的文化背景就是女媧補天的創(chuàng)世神話、《詩經(jīng)·漢廣》詩中的“游女”傳說和漢水女神逢鄭交甫,贈佩珠以定情的“穿天情”傳說�！俄n詩內(nèi)傳》將《漢廣》男主角一改為鄭交甫,以帶有戲劇性的故事情節(jié)改寫擴充《漢廣》詩,渲染游女的飄渺與抒情,使得《漢廣》文雅化,浪漫化。繼《韓詩內(nèi)傳》后,劉向《列仙傳》進而把周昭王的兩位妃子延娟、延娛附會為漢水女神,此即為后人深信不疑的“漢水女神”之原型。襄陽百姓為紀(jì)念此事,較早于漢代始,在每年的正月二十日白發(fā)集中在漢水泛舟,以紀(jì)念漢水女神；沿江撿拾穿天石,系上紅絲帶佩戴于額際以祈子求福。漢以后,華夏南北其他地域流行的“天穿節(jié)”也在襄陽南北交會地帶流行,襄陽“穿天節(jié)”民俗文化內(nèi)涵與各地“天穿節(jié)”節(jié)日民俗有重疊之處,而襄陽特有的穿天石和漢水女神及泛舟嬉戲等民俗活動融合天穿節(jié)的許多信仰和民俗,遂逐步演變?yōu)橄尻柋就恋拇┨旃?jié)。兩宋間莊綽在《雞肋編》首次明確記載襄陽“穿天節(jié)”民俗盛會,表明襄陽民俗“穿天節(jié)”不僅正式形成,而且在北宋盛極一時,形成了獨具特色的節(jié)日儀式、民俗符號和文化內(nèi)涵�！按┨旃�(jié)”以每年農(nóng)歷的正月二十一日為固定日期,包括祭祀漢水女神、泛舟踏青、漢水采石等民俗活動。傳統(tǒng)“穿天節(jié)”蘊含了襄陽人的生殖崇拜、水崇拜與性崇拜、石頭崇拜與楚地巫風(fēng)盛行等文化遺傳密碼�！按┨旃�(jié)”在南宋以后受戰(zhàn)爭和其他節(jié)日民俗即“元宵節(jié)”與襄陽“二月二龍?zhí)ь^日”祭奠真武大帝的民俗的雙重擠壓而式微。1000多年后,“穿天節(jié)”在襄陽復(fù)興,成為襄陽市大型群體性戶外踏青郊游娛樂的休閑節(jié)日,其傳統(tǒng)民俗發(fā)生較大變遷�！按┨旃�(jié)”民俗的古代程式為移會江濱-漢水泛舟-尋找穿天石-紅絲串石-佩石額際等：穿天節(jié)的當(dāng)代程式為：開幕式-宣讀《保衛(wèi)漢江母親河》誓言-漢江喊彩歌-撿拾穿天石-穿天石展覽-老襄陽民俗文化展演-《樂和穿天節(jié)》、《情定穿天節(jié)》等文藝演出-儺面舞、舞龍舞獅等群眾性表演等。當(dāng)代穿天節(jié)程式有對傳統(tǒng)的再發(fā)明,足見經(jīng)過歷代發(fā)展演變,逐漸形成文化底蘊深厚,地域特色鮮明的民俗文化傳統(tǒng)。當(dāng)代“穿天節(jié)”節(jié)日的主題是以公共活動的方式實現(xiàn)社區(qū)群眾之間的文化需求與精神需求之間的溝通與協(xié)調(diào)。傳統(tǒng)“穿天節(jié)”傳承方式主要是通過襄陽人的代代口傳記憶與俗信活動來完成的。全媒體時代,襄陽“穿天節(jié)”的載體日益豐富和多元化,“穿天節(jié)”節(jié)慶活動呈現(xiàn)鮮明融合性特征,主要表現(xiàn)為：節(jié)日民俗展演的融合性、節(jié)日文化內(nèi)涵的融合性、活動參與者的融合性及文化民俗活動與商業(yè)經(jīng)濟活動的融合性�！按┨旃�(jié)”的民俗資源價值在當(dāng)代社會生活具有巨大功用,“穿天節(jié)”信物“穿天石”是襄陽人尤其是女同胞追求幸福生活的象征性吉祥物；“穿天節(jié)”內(nèi)蘊的神話傳說展示了北楚文化中浪漫與神秘的巫風(fēng)習(xí)俗；穿天節(jié)故事的源發(fā)地萬山集中了老襄陽眾多的民俗文化；穿天節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)程式隱含著人與天地的和諧相處的環(huán)保理念。穿天節(jié)的周期性上演可以讓人們反復(fù)重溫襄陽傳統(tǒng),成為襄陽傳統(tǒng)文化儲存與延續(xù)的重要載體,為現(xiàn)代文化襄陽的繼承與創(chuàng)新提供了重要切入點；現(xiàn)代社會下,襄陽“穿天節(jié)”具有“興觀群怨”等多樣功能。“穿天節(jié)”被賦予了時代的特色,定位為大型群體性戶外民俗活動,她的狂歡儀式的社會教化和娛樂功能日益凸出。“穿天節(jié)”民俗煥發(fā)新的生活能量,可以展示襄陽獨特的歷史文化內(nèi)涵,傳承襄陽文化,建設(shè)文化襄陽；讓襄陽人重新領(lǐng)略“穿天節(jié)”傳統(tǒng)民俗的文化創(chuàng)造智慧,對襄陽構(gòu)建和諧社會建設(shè),實現(xiàn)社會主義核心價值觀具有重要意義。襄陽大力弘揚“穿天節(jié)”民俗對于增強民俗節(jié)日在襄陽經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展尤其是旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展能起到文化引領(lǐng)作用。在市場和旅游的雙重作用下,來自民間的“穿天節(jié)”民俗在現(xiàn)代城市文化品牌建設(shè)過程中將會產(chǎn)生聚焦效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Xiangyang is located in the interior of our country, the land and the land are convenient, the economy and the culture are developed, and the regional political and cultural center is the center of the regional politics and culture. The cultural intersection of the East and the west is also the hotbed of the development of many folklore cultures. The folk culture of Xiangyang has the multi color and beauty of the Chu land and the rugged and bold folk custom of the north. Many splendid non material cultural heritage, Xiangyang folk custom "wear Day Festival" is the typical. In Xiangyang, "wear Day Festival" is a very widespread regional spread, with a strong regional characteristics of Xiangyang, the mass participation is very high folk festival. "Wearing heaven Festival" is the ancient Xiangyang city in the northern and southern regions of China in the northern and southern regions of the "day wear" people. On the basis of the influence of vulgarity, combined with the unique geographical and environmental resources in the middle of the Han River and the myths and legends of the mysterious and romantic Hanshui goddess in Xiangyang, the cultural background of "wearing heaven Festival" in Xiangyang is the creation myth of Nu Wa to complement the sky, the legend of "swimming women" in Book of Songs, Han Guang and the goddess of Hanshui. The legends of "wearing heaven" with the gift of the Pearl in order to fix the love. "Han Guang > the hero of Han Guang > is changed to Zheng Jiaofu, with a dramatic story to rewrite the expansion < Han Guang > poetry, exaggerate the ethereal and lyric of the women, make the Han Guang > elegance and romance. After < Han poetry >, the two concubines Yan Juan of Zhou Zhao Wang, then, are extended, and then the princess of Zhou Zhao's concubine Yan Juan is extended. Xiangyang people, earlier in the Han Dynasty, concentrated in the Han Shui boat to commemorate the Hanshui goddess, in commemoration of the Hanshui goddess, in commemoration of the Hanshui goddess, picking up the stone along the river and wearing the red silk belt on the forehead to pray for blessing. After Han, the north and South China after the Han Dynasty. The popular "day wearing Festival" popular in other regions is also popular in Xiangyang north and South rendezvous zone, and the cultural connotation of "wearing heaven Festival" in Xiangyang overlaps with the "day festival" festival folklore, while Xiangyang's unique folk custom of wearing Tianshi and Hanshui goddess and boat play and other folklore has gradually evolved into Xiang. In the two Song Dynasty, Zhuang Chuang Chang Chuang in the "chicken ribs book" first clearly recorded the Xiangyang "wear Day Festival" Folk Festival, indicating that the Xiangyang folk custom "day festival" not only formally formed, but also flourished in the Northern Song Dynasty, forming unique festival ceremonies, folk symbols and cultural connotations. "Wearing heaven Festival" on the first lunar month of the year twenty-one days. For the fixed date, including the worship of the Hanshui goddess, the boat cycling, the Han Shui quarrying, the traditional "day festival" contains the cultural genetic code of Xiangyang people's reproduction worship, water worship and sex worship, stone worship and the popularity of the Chu land witch wind. After the double extrusion of the folk custom of giving a memorial to the real Wu Emperor by the "February second dragon head up day", the "wear Day Festival" was revived in Xiangyang and became a large group outdoor outing entertainment in Xiangyang. Its traditional folklore has undergone great changes. The ancient program for "day festival" folk custom is to find the riverside - Hanshui River in Xiangyang. The modern program for wearing Tianshi - red silk string stone and pestone: opening ceremony: opening ceremony - reading "guard Han River Mother River > vow" - Hanjiang yelling Song - picking up the Tianshi - Tianshi Exhibition - old Xiangyang folk culture exhibition - music and day festival, "love for heaven Festival >" and other literary performances - Nuo noodles dance, dragon and lion dance, and so on. The day festival program has the reinventions of the tradition, the development and evolution of the past dynasties, and the gradual formation of the folk culture tradition with profound cultural background and distinctive regional characteristics. The theme of the contemporary "day through festival" Festival is to realize the communication and coordination between the cultural needs and spiritual needs among the community masses by the way of public activities. The way to inherit the festival is accomplished mainly through the Xiangyang people's generation of oral and vulgar letters. In the full media era, the carrier of "wearing Tian Jie" in Xiangyang is increasingly rich and diversified. The festival of "wearing heaven Festival" shows distinct characteristics, mainly as the fusion of festival folklore exhibition and the fusion of cultural connotation of the festival. The integration of active participants and the fusion of cultural folklore activities and commercial economic activities. The value of "wearing heaven Festival" has great function in contemporary social life. "Wearing Tianshi" "wearing Tianshi" is a symbolic mascot for the people of Xiangyang, especially women, in pursuit of happiness. It shows the romantic and mysterious custom of witchcraft in the culture of northern Chu, and Wanshan, the source of the day festival, concentrates the many folk culture of old Xiangyang, and the traditional program in the day festival implies the environmental concept of harmony between people and the world. The periodic performance of the day festival can make people repeat the tradition of Xiangyang repeatedly and become the traditional text of Xiangyang. The important carrier of storage and continuity has provided an important entry point for the inheritance and innovation of modern culture in Xiangyang. In modern society, Xiangyang's "day festival" has various functions such as "prosperity and grievances". "Wearing heaven Festival" is endowed with the characteristics of the times, located as a large group of folk custom activities outside the household, the social enlightenment of her Carnival ritual and The entertainment function is becoming more and more protruding. The folk custom of "wearing the day" radiate new life energy, can display the unique historical and cultural connotation of Xiangyang, inherit Xiangyang culture, build cultural Xiangyang, let Xiangyang people re appreciate the cultural creation wisdom of "wear Day Festival" traditional folk custom, build a harmonious society and realize the socialist core values in Xiangyang. It is of great significance to carry forward the folk custom of "day through festival" in Xiangyang, which will play a cultural leading role in enhancing the economic and social development, especially in the development of tourism in Xiangyang. Under the dual role of market and tourism, the folk custom of "wearing the sky festival" will focus on the construction of modern city culture brand. Effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K892.1

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